Immediacy gratification in online news consumption and its relations to surveillance, orientation and elaboration of news

Increasing numbers of people read newspapers online.This study uses argument about reform proposed in the theory of remediation to explain the shift from traditional print to online news sources.The argument pivots around the idea that the new media improves upon the inadequacies of older media.The improvement is manifested in the striving for “immediacy” which remediation theory considers the “goal” of media.Blending the theory of remediation and the uses and gratifications approach, this study proposes the concept of “immediacy gratifications” – a process gratification obtained in news media use.The current study uses experimental research method to test the concept of immediacy gratifications in online news consumption.The study finds that online medium has no effect on immediacy gratification and that surveillance gratification seeking and orientation in the information space do have significant effects

Learning from news: Is online better than print?

This study compares the process of learning from news between print and online news environments. The study adopts the framework of Cognitive Mediation Model that treats surveillance motivation as the cause of news orientation and news elaboration which in turn are the causes of knowledge acquisition.To identify the differences in news learning between print and online media, a “between-subjects” experiment was used. The study tested the two models using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).The results show that both print and online models are supportive of the Cognitive Mediation Model. While most of the hypothesized relationships were supported, the study found that orientation in information space has significant effect on knowledge level of print but not online readers.This result suggests the disadvantages of Web non-linearity on learning outcome.The study also found that the mediating role of news orientation was only supported in the print model. The higher R2 value for print compared to online model suggests the influential role of traditional print in news learning

Transformasi penyiaran televisyen melalui internet: kajian perhubungan kepuasan terhadap pengguna remaja

The emergence of Internet had brought a lot of changes in the mass media landscape. The conventional media had moved to a digital format and formed a media convergence that can attract audience’s interests especially the youths. This study chose a new medium that resulted from the combination of Internet and television, namely television portal to assess the levels of gratification of the medium usage among youths. Assessment made by exploring the relationship between the gratification sought (GS) and the gratification obtained (GO) for four measures of gratification, namely the need to obtain information, entertainment, interpersonal utility and also interactivity. This study also assessed the gratification that is acquired between the use of two television portal; RTM as a public broadcasting station and TV3 as a private broadcasting station. The findings showed there is a significant relationship between GS and GO for all four measures of gratification in this study. This study concluded with suggestion to RTM to improve the weaknesses that was identified in the effort to exploit the new media in order to capture and attract youth audience to expose them with the RTM’s programs

Master of Arts

thesisThis study offers a test of the cognitive mediation model (CMM) within a low-income, Spanish-speaking population in the state of Indiana. A survey study was conducted to test whether participants (N = 150) who consumed ethnic newspapers, namely La Raza, were more likely to have greater cancer prevention knowledge and more likely to comply with cancer prevention behaviors. The interaction between La Raza readership and health motivation was not significantly related to either screening or knowledge; however, individuals with high health motivation were more likely to report screening. Notably, two of the relationships posited by the CMM were absent, surveillance motivation and elaboration were not related to knowledge. Further, our test of the model did not yield any significant results in its original form or the modified version used to test an ethnic subsample in a health news learning context. However, once elaboration was removed from the model, there was an indirect relationship between surveillance motivation and cancer prevention knowledge through attention. Future research should focus on finding ways in which models such as the CMM can be modified to explain news learning in ethnic and linguistic subpopulations

The effects of gratifications on intention to read citizen journalism news: The mediating effect of attitude

10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.054Computers in Human Behavior36129-13

The Switch to Online Newspapers: Could Immediacy Be a Factor?

Using remediation theory (Bolter and Grusin, 1999) as a guide, this study tested the concept of immediacy in a ‘between-subject’ design experiment that compared differential effects of exposure to print and online versions of The Australian newspaper. The results did not support the hypothesis that online readers would perceive greater immediacy than print readers. This seemed to contradict remediation’s view, yet the study did support the idea that immediacy is a factor in the switch of consumers from old to new media. Immediacy was strongly related to the goals of surveillance gratification seeking and moderately related to current issues knowledge. Because goals drive actions, this study suggests that immediacy could be responsible for the switch of customers to online newspapers as a consequence of its significant correlation to information seeking and knowledge acquisition

A model for examining the relation between news media literacy skills, heuristic-systematic news processing and political knowledge levels

The study aimed to test the relation between the levels of news media literacy skills, types of news processing levels, and the levels of political knowledge. Also, the study investigated the relation between news media reliance, media gratification sought and elaborative processing, and levels of political knowledge. A survey method was used among undergraduate and graduate students at the American University in Cairo. Furthermore, this research developed a scale for measuring news media literacy skills among university students. The scales\u27 items tested on a sub sample then statistically examined through factor analysis for refining the final items of the final survey. Moreover, this research contributed to the field through proposing a new scale for assessing news media literacy skills (SNMLS) that has been derived from previous scales, with adaptation to Egyptian context and the proposed conceptual framework. The scale achieved high internal reliability

The POPC Citizen: Political Information in the Fourth Age of Political Communication

A woman checking messages on her phone while standing next to a newspaper rack. A girl waiting in line scrolling down the Facebook timeline, stumbling upon a video clip about the outcome of the recent US presidential elections. A young man playing a game on his tablet, with TV news running in another window. These are just three everyday scenarios that illustrate how today’s “permanently online, permanently connected” (POPC) communication environment has created new conditions for the access to and consumption of political information. A myriad of options to choose from regarding the form and content of communication make it easy to acquire political information continuously, but also to avoid political content given the many other interesting things to do online. At the same time, social networking sites (SNS) have made it more difficult to abstain completely from political information, as they often push news to unsuspecting users. With the permanent potential to activate social ties through SNS and instant messaging services, the political information of citizens has become embedded into their mediated social networks whose members like, share, and comment on it. The implications of widespread digitization and mediatization for the political domain are so profound and far-reaching that they have recently led Jay Blumler (2016) to announce a new “fourth age of political communication.” Political communication in the fourth age is characterized by “yet more communication abundance” (p. 24) compared to the preceding ages, particularly due to new, mobile-access devices that have led to an ever more intense competition for audience attention. The fact that the Internet has gone mobile reinforces developments it initiated much earlier: Mobility increases the frequency of communication and thus the frequency of situations in which more or less conscious choices regarding the modes and content of communication are necessary. Because people often initiate and process digital communication in parallel with an ongoing “offline life,” communication acts may also become more impulsive and automatic (van Koningsbruggen, Hartmann, & Du, this volume), and attention paid to content more superficial than in the past

Precautionary behavior toward dengue virus through public service advertisement: Mediation of the individual’s attention,iInformation surveillance, and elaboration

The study examines the role of a health-related promotional campaign launched in Pakistan in the context of advertising campaign to improve precautionary behavior toward dengue virus (PBDV). The focus of this study is to investigate the mediation of individual’s attention, information surveillance, elaboration, and also the moderation of demographic features (e.g., gender, educational level, and dengue affected survival) in the relationship between the exposure of dengue-related public service announcements (DPSA) and PBDV. Telephonic interview technique was used to establish a representative sample (N = 1,251) from Punjab (dengue-affected province of Pakistan) using a computer-assisted telephone survey software. The outcomes clarify the application of cognitive mediation model in the context of health communication. The findings revealed that individual’s attention and information surveillance have considerable mediating effects on PBDV and DPSA relationship. Surprisingly, however, there is no indirect effect of elaboration on PBDV. The findings provide practical recommendations to public organizations while designing health communication strategies

Gender and Internet Advertising: Differences in the Ways Males and Females Engage with and Perceive Internet Advertising

This paper discusses an examination of the differences in the ways males’ and females’ engage with and perceive Internet advertising. Specifically, commercial Web sites were analyzed to better understand the role of gender within online consumer behavior, its effect on interactivity and advertising effectiveness and the implications for online marketing communications. Gender differences in Internet advertising are first explored by analyzing gender in relation to interactivity. This exploration will be based upon dimensions of consumers’ online behavior, referred to as user processes, and consumers’ beliefs about the interactive communication environment, or user perceptions, in relation to three types of features, which are human-to-human, human-to-computer and human-to-content (McMillan, 2002). Further, gender differences in advertising effectiveness are examined by analyzing attitudes towards the site, attitudes towards the brand and purchase intention. Past research in exploring gender differences online is limited, especially for corporate Web sites, and research exploring gender and its influence on interactivity is almost non-existent. This study examines gender differences in Internet advertising by conducting both computer observation with screen capturing software and by administering a survey. The users examined are traditional college age students, 18-23, which fall into the category of Generation Y, a group of consumers, which are online in great numbers, have considerable spending power and are classified as “computer savvy” (Pew Internet and American Life Project, 2005)