Patients Safety Culture: A Baseline Assessment Of Nurses\u27 Perceptions In A Saudi Arabia Hospital

ABSTRACT PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE: A BASELINE ASSESSMENT OF NURSES\u27 PERCEPTIONS IN A SAUDI ARABIA HOSPITAL by AHMAD E. ABOSHAIQAH May 2010 Advisor: Dr. Stephen J. Cavanagh Major: Nursing Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Patient safety (the avoidance and prevention of patient injuries or adverse events resulting from the processes of health care delivery) has become a major academic and public concern in healthcare. In order to promote and sustain a culture of safety in a healthcare organization, healthcare professionals stress the need to understand both individual and system contributions to error events. However, in Saudi Arabia, little is known about nurses\u27 perceptions of patient safety culture. The purpose of this research is to identify the systems factors that Registered Nurses (RNs) perceive as contributing to a culture of patient safety and to study the effects these perceptions have on nurses\u27 participation and engagement in the patient safety culture at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Saudi Arabia. King\u27s conceptual system was utilized as the theoretical framework for this study. This study used a quantitative research methodology with a descriptive/correlation design. The sample of this study was registered RNs at KFMC, Saudi Arabia. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) instrument was used to measure perceptions of nurses on patient safety culture. Copies of the surveys were distributed to 600 RNs. A total of 500 questionnaires were returned. Among these returned questionnaires, 55 were excluded because they had missing responses on more than one complete section of the questionnaire. The total response rate for this study was 83%. Overall, 52% of the nurses positively perceived patient safety culture at KFMC, which is considered an opportunity for improvement according to AHRQ\u27s definition of areas needing improvement. Nurses responded most positively to two dimensions, hospital management support for patient safety and organizational learning. Nurses responded most negatively to the dimensions of hospital handoffs and transitions, communication openness, non-punitive response to error, and supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety. There were significant differences between nurses\u27 perceptions of patient safety culture and gender, age, years of experience, Arabic vs. non-Arabic speaking, and length of shift; but astonishingly, for level of education, the results were not significantly correlated to any of the HSOPSC dimensions. Findings from this study provide a description of the current status of patient safety at King Fahad Medical City from the nurses\u27 perspective. The findings will not only provide a baseline from which to work, but they will help raise safety awareness throughout the organization and identify areas most in need of improvement. Findings will lead to the development of interventions to improve patient safety in Saudi Arabia hospitals

The Cohesion of the Error Management Culture and Risk Management Maturity in Healthcare

Errors and mistakes are an inevitable part of organisational life and certainly life in general. However, errors result in adverse events. The consequences of them influence the safety of the staff and the health of patients. The focus is on the following fundamental question regarding the scientific problem at the theoretical level: How the error management culture relates to risk management maturity in healthcare? The aim of this study is to theoretically ground the importance of the link between the error management culture and risk management maturity in the field of healthcare. Methods of the research are literature review and the critical analysis of the latest scientific articles on the issue. In conclusion, the error management culture leads to the lowered occurrence of adverse events, improved error reporting, improved prevention of medical errors, improved quality and safety of the clinical services, and proactivity with regard to errors

Project pathogens: The anatomy of omission errors in construction and resource engineering project

Construction and engineering projects are typically complex in nature and are prone to cost and schedule overruns. A significant factor that often contributes to these overruns is rework. Omissions errors, in particular, have been found to account for as much as 38% of the total rework costs experienced. To date, there has been limited research that has sought to determine the underlying factors that contribute to omission errors in construction and engineering projects. Using data derived from59 in-depth interviews undertaken with various project participants, a generic systemic causal model of the key factors that contributed to omission errors is presented. The developed causal model can improve understanding of the archetypal nature and underlying dynamics of omission errors. Error management strategies that can be considered for implementation in projects are also discussed

Technological advances, human performance, and the operation of nuclear facilities

2017 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.Many unfortunate and unintended adverse industrial incidents occur across the United States each year, and the nuclear industry is no exception. Depending on their severity, these incidents can be problematic for people, the facilities, and surrounding environments. Human error is a contributing factor in many such incidents. This dissertation first explored the hypothesis that technological changes that affect how operators interact within the systems of the nuclear facilities exacerbate the cost of incidents caused by human error. I conducted a review of nuclear incidents in the United States from 1955 through 2010 that reached Level 3 (serious incident) or higher on the International Nuclear Events Scale (INES). The cost of each incident at facilities that had recently undergone technological changes affecting plant operators' jobs was compared to the cost of events at facilities that had not undergone changes. A t-test determined a statistically significant difference between the two groups, confirming the hypothesis. Next, I conducted a follow-on study to determine the impact of the incorporation of new technologies into nuclear facilities. The data indicated that spending more money on upgrades increased the facility's capacity as well as the number of incidents reported, but the incident severity was minor. Finally, I discuss the impact of human error on plant operations and the impact of evolving technology on the 21st-century operator, proposing a methodology to overcome these challenges by applying the systems engineering process

Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses

Compiles peer-reviewed research and literature reviews on issues regarding patient safety and quality of care, ranging from evidence-based practice, patient-centered care, and nurses' working conditions to critical opportunities and tools for improvement