Bootstrapping a Tagged Corpus through Combination of Existing Heterogeneous Taggers

This paper describes a new method, Combi-bootstrap, to exploit existing taggers and lexical resources for the annotation of corpora with new tagsets. Combi-bootstrap uses existing resources as features for a second level machine learning module, that is trained to make the mapping to the new tagset on a very small sample of annotated corpus material. Experiments show that Combi-bootstrap: i) can integrate a wide variety of existing resources, and ii) achieves much higher accuracy (up to 44.7 % error reduction) than both the best single tagger and an ensemble tagger constructed out of the same small training sample.Comment: 4 page

SPOD:Syntactic Profiler of Dutch

SPOD is a tool for Dutch syntax in which a given corpus is analysed according to a large number of predefined syntactic characteristics. SPOD is an extension of the PaQu (”Parse and Query”) tool (Odijk et al. 2017). SPOD is available for a number of standard Dutch corpora and treebanks.In addition, you can upload your own texts which will then be syntactically analysed. SPOD will run a potentially large number of syntactic queries in order to show a variety of corpus properties, such as the number of main and subordinate clauses, types of main and subordinate clauses, and their frequencies, average length of clauses (per clause type: e.g. relative clauses, indirect questions, finite complement clauses, infinitival clauses, finite adverbial clauses, etc.). Other syntactic constructions include comparatives, correlatives, various types of verb clusters, separable verb prefixes, depth of embedding etc.SPOD allows linguists to obtain a quick overview of the syntactic properties of texts, for instance with the goal to find interesting differences between text types, or between authors with different backgrounds or different age. In the paper, we describe the SPOD tool in some more detail, and we provide a case study, illustrating the type of investigations which are enabled andfacilitated by SPOD. Most of the syntactic properties are implemented in SPOD by means of relatively complicated XPath 2.0 queries, and as such SPOD also provides examples of relevant syntactic queries, which may otherwise be relatively hard to define for non-technical linguists