Pengembangan SIG berbasis Web Sebagai Decission Support System (DSS) untuk Manajemen Jaringan Jalan di Kabupaten Aceh Timur

This research aims to develop a web-based GIS that can be used as a decision support system in managing the road network in East Aceh district. In this case, MySQL is used as a spatial database management system and Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is used as the technology to visualize spatial data in web programming. Therefore, it is expected can make geo-database application that can be distributed widely to related user. Stages of development of the system used in this study refers to the waterfall model. The order of execution of the study is divided into five stages include: early stage research, web GIS design stage, the stage of data collection, web GIS development phase and implementation phase. Data used in this study include primary and secondary data. Primary data consists of spatial and attribute data of road network (lines) and bridges (points) taken through surveys with Global Positioning System (GPS). Secondary data used include base maps derived from maps of the Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI) 1:25.000 scale area of East Aceh Regency. The unit of analysis used was the Locational referencing system that is defining a road network using the “node” and “section”. The results of this study showed that implementation of the SVG generated by PHP is able to produce a superior display vector and dynamic so it is easy to analyze. These capabilities combined with MySQL capabilities in spatial analysis and queries on RDBMS database is able to produce applications that are capable of supporting the activities of decision-making in the management of roads and bridges

Web 2.0-based Collaborative Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System: A Case Study of Human-Computer Interaction Patterns

The integration of GIS and Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) capabilities into the Web 2.0 platform offers an effective Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System (MC-SDSS) with which to involve the public, or a particular group of individuals, in collaborative spatial decision making. Understanding how decision makers acquire and integrate decision-related information within the Web 2.0-based collaborative MC-SDSS has been one of the major concerns of MC-SDSS designers for a long time. This study focuses on examining human-computer interaction patterns (information acquisition behavior) within the Web 2.0-based MC-SDSS environment. It reports the results of an experimental study that investigated the effects of task complexity, information aids, and decision modes on information acquisition metrics and their relations. The research involved three major steps: (1) developing a Web 2.0-based analytic-deliberative MC-SDSS for parking site selection in Tehran, Iran to analyze human-computer interaction patterns, (2) conducting experiments using this system and collecting the human-computer interaction data, and (3) analyzing the log data to detect the human-computer interaction patterns (information acquisition metrics). Using task complexity, decision aid, and decision mode as the independent factors, and the information acquisition metrics as the dependent variables, the study adopted a repeated-measures experimental design (or within-subjects design) to test the relevant hypotheses. Task complexity was manipulated in terms of the number of alternatives and attributes at four levels. At each level of task complexity, the participants carried out the decision making process in two different GIS-MCDA modes: individual and group modes. The decision information was conveyed to participants through common map and decision table information structures. The map and table were used, respectively, for the exploration of the geographic (or decision) and criterion outcome spaces. The study employed a process-tracing method to directly monitor and record the decision makers’ activities during the experiments. The data on the decision makers’ activities were recorded as Web-based event logs using a database logging technique. Concerningiv task complexity effects, the results of the study suggest that an increase in task complexity results in a decrease in the proportion of information searched and proportion of attribute ranges searched, as well as an increase in the variability of information searched per attribute. This finding implies that as task complexity increases decision makers use a more non-compensatory strategy. Regarding the decision mode effects, it was found that the two decision modes are significantly different in terms of: (1) the proportion of information search, (2) the proportion of attribute ranges examined, (3) the variability of information search per attribute, (4) the total time spent acquiring the information in the decision table, and (5) the average time spent acquiring each piece of information. Regarding the effect of the information aids (map and decision table) on the information acquisition behavior, the findings suggest that, in both of the decision modes, there is a significant difference between information acquisition using the map and decision table. The results show that decision participants have a higher number of moves and spend more time on the decision table than map. The study presented in this dissertation has implications for formulating behavioral theories in the spatial decision context and practical implications for the development of MC-SDSS. Specifically, the findings provide a new perspective on the use of decision support aids, and important clues for designers to develop an appropriate user-centered Web-based collaborative MC-SDSS. The study’s implications can advance public participatory planning and allow for more informed and democratic land-use allocation decisions

Adoption of Residential Solar Energy: Exploratory Study Approach and Spatial Decision Support System

Stakeholders have recognized a need to employ and advance renewable-energy technologies. Renewable energy plays a crucial role in sustaining governments’ energy resources security, mitigating environmental risks associated with extensive use of fossil fuels, and offering long-lasting energy resources for industrial, commercial, and residential needs for electrical power. This study focused on providing a better understanding of solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption at the residential level. Although many researchers investigated solar energy adoption in a search for what may motivate individuals to invest in such a technology, previous studies of solar energy adoption did not address spatial and nonspatial factors simultaneously. Geographic information system (GIS) technologies have emerged as powerful tools to study geographic characteristics that can be tested statistically and displayed on an interactive map to support decision makers. This dissertation investigated residential solar energy adoption by operationalizing homeowners’ spatial and nonspatial factors. The dissertation features two artifacts that were created as part of the research. First, it includes an algorithm to build a predictive model, technically evaluating the model by applying it to a dataset of Los Angeles County as a case study. Second, this dissertation entailed developing a spatial decision-support system as an instantiation of the output model in the first artifact. The system is an interactive GIS-based web application that supports decision makers (e.g., policymakers, solar firms, utility companies and nonprofit organizations) in their decision-making process. A combined qualitative and quantitative methodological approach was used to evaluate the application’s usability and user experience

An Integrated Software Framework to Support Semantic Modeling and Reasoning of Spatiotemporal Change of Geographical Objects: A Use Case of Land Use and Land Cover Change Study

abstract: Evolving Earth observation and change detection techniques enable the automatic identification of Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULCC) over a large extent from massive amounts of remote sensing data. It at the same time poses a major challenge in effective organization, representation and modeling of such information. This study proposes and implements an integrated computational framework to support the modeling, semantic and spatial reasoning of change information with regard to space, time and topology. We first proposed a conceptual model to formally represent the spatiotemporal variation of change data, which is essential knowledge to support various environmental and social studies, such as deforestation and urbanization studies. Then, a spatial ontology was created to encode these semantic spatiotemporal data in a machine-understandable format. Based on the knowledge defined in the ontology and related reasoning rules, a semantic platform was developed to support the semantic query and change trajectory reasoning of areas with LULCC. This semantic platform is innovative, as it integrates semantic and spatial reasoning into a coherent computational and operational software framework to support automated semantic analysis of time series data that can go beyond LULC datasets. In addition, this system scales well as the amount of data increases, validated by a number of experimental results. This work contributes significantly to both the geospatial Semantic Web and GIScience communities in terms of the establishment of the (web-based) semantic platform for collaborative question answering and decision-making

Introduction: The Continued Importance of Smallholders Today

abstract: Evolving Earth observation and change detection techniques enable the automatic identification of Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULCC) over a large extent from massive amounts of remote sensing data. It at the same time poses a major challenge in effective organization, representation and modeling of such information. This study proposes and implements an integrated computational framework to support the modeling, semantic and spatial reasoning of change information with regard to space, time and topology. We first proposed a conceptual model to formally represent the spatiotemporal variation of change data, which is essential knowledge to support various environmental and social studies, such as deforestation and urbanization studies. Then, a spatial ontology was created to encode these semantic spatiotemporal data in a machine-understandable format. Based on the knowledge defined in the ontology and related reasoning rules, a semantic platform was developed to support the semantic query and change trajectory reasoning of areas with LULCC. This semantic platform is innovative, as it integrates semantic and spatial reasoning into a coherent computational and operational software framework to support automated semantic analysis of time series data that can go beyond LULC datasets. In addition, this system scales well as the amount of data increases, validated by a number of experimental results. This work contributes significantly to both the geospatial Semantic Web and GIScience communities in terms of the establishment of the (web-based) semantic platform for collaborative question answering and decision-making

A platform to support civil protection applications on the GRID

The CROSS-Fire is a Portuguese NGI funded project focus-ing on the development of a grid-based risk management decision support system for the Civil Protection (CP), using forest fires as the main case study. The project defines a general approach for the development of a CP application by defining an architecture that integrates three main layers: the CROSS-Fire Platform and two external infrastructures: a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) and the GRID. The CROSS-Fire Platform is defined and implemented as a set of WPS algorithms dealing with most of the functionalities of its three components: Business Logic, Grid Services and Geospatial services. The present work stresses the relevance of standards adoption: OGC-WS WCS/WFS/WMS/WPS, to exploit/enable geospatial services for data access processing, and OGC-SWE SOS to address other CP data sources, such as meteorological station networks (MSN) or satellites. The adoption of a Web Services (WS) approach allows integrating easily with existing systems typically based on WS technologies. We also present CFS, a grid user interface SDI based client, compliant with OGC and EU INSPIRE directives which allows decision makers to access the spatial data infrastructure, to launch simulations on the grid and visualize the fire propagation simulations.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Web-based public participation GIS application : a case study on flood emergency management

Scientific summary The increasing prevalence of natural disasters is driving people to pay more and more attention to emergency management. Progress in catastrophe analysis capabilities based on Geographical Information System (GIS) may allow the needs of public participation to be considered. Synchronous data sharing between citizens and emergency workers could effectively promote the process of decision making. This thesis introduces an interactive web-based application which mainly deals with flood risk management in Kamloops in Canada. The application is built for citizens and emergency workers using three layers: (1) the client side is developed in HTML and JavaScript; (2) the web server layer, which connects the users and the database, is implemented in PHP; and (3) the database contains PostgreSQL, GeoServer and OSM. Except the city map, PostgreSQL stores the spatial information with the support of OpenGIS. Generally, the application meets the initial objectives. Citizens can access present shelter information and register their own requirements for shelter, while emergency workers have the power to manage all the shelters and warehouses based on the available flood information and figure out the supply allocation solution based on the response from the public. On the other hand, the application also provides useful routing functions for both citizens and emergency workers, such as searching the available shortest path to a shelter, and computing the optimized allocation routes between all the shelters and warehouses. This practical study proved that Public Participation GIS (PPGIS), combined with IT knowledge, can provide very useful tools for decision making when facing a flood risk.Popularized summary Nowadays, the growing prevalence of natural disasters is driving people to pay more and more attention to emergency management. Progress in catastrophe analysis capabilities based on Geographical Information System (GIS) may allow the needs of public participation to be considered. Synchronous data sharing between citizens and emergency workers could effectively promote the process of decision making. This thesis introduces an interactive web-based application which mainly deals with flood risk management in Kamloops in Canada. The application contains various data sources and adopts spatial database. Citizens can access present shelter information and register their own requirements for shelter, while emergency workers have the power to manage all the shelters and warehouses based on the available flood information and figure out the supply allocation solution based on the response from the public. On the other hand, the application also provides useful routing functions for both citizens and emergency workers, such as searching the available shortest path to a shelter, and computing the optimized allocation routes between all the shelters and warehouses. This practical study proved that Public Participation GIS (PPGIS), combined with IT knowledge, can provide very useful tools for decision making when facing a flood risk

A Web-based spatial decision supporting system for land management and soil conservation

Abstract. Today it is evident that there are many contrasting demands on our landscape (e.g. food security, more sustainable agriculture, higher income in rural areas, etc.) as well as many land degradation problems. It has been proved that providing operational answers to these demands and problems is extremely difficult. Here we aim to demonstrate that a spatial decision support system based on geospatial cyberinfrastructure (GCI) can address all of the above, so producing a smart system for supporting decision making for agriculture, forestry, and urban planning with respect to the landscape. In this paper, we discuss methods and results of a special kind of GCI architecture, one that is highly focused on land management and soil conservation. The system allows us to obtain dynamic, multidisciplinary, multiscale, and multifunctional answers to agriculture, forestry, and urban planning issues through the Web. The system has been applied to and tested in an area of about 20 000 ha in the south of Italy, within the framework of a European LIFE+ project (SOILCONSWEB). The paper reports – as a case study – results from two different applications dealing with agriculture (olive growth tool) and environmental protection (soil capability to protect groundwater). Developed with the help of end users, the system is starting to be adopted by local communities. The system indirectly explores a change of paradigm for soil and landscape scientists. Indeed, the potential benefit is shown of overcoming current disciplinary fragmentation over landscape issues by offering – through a smart Web-based system – truly integrated geospatial knowledge that may be directly and freely used by any end user (www.landconsultingweb.eu). This may help bridge the last very important divide between scientists working on the landscape and end users

Implementing GIS technology. A spatial decision support system tool to study the impacts of land uses

The need of soil consumption control and of the conservation of eco-systemic values of existing resources are the basis of this attempt to implement the GIS technology as a web-based Decision Support System. Following the European Community guidelines, an instrument for limiting, mitigating and compensating soil sealing is set in place, ensuring that the hydrological response of a given area during precipitation must remain constant before and after transformation. It is presented a practical approach with a technological improvement through a GIS evolution in the field of anthropic impact analysis. The web application makes use of the SCS-CN Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number method developed by the USDA in 1972 to study the phenomenon of the run-off. The web application, built as a webGIS service, based on the online interoperability of multiple users, defines a tool for the control of man-made impact and for a BMP-Best Management Practice driven policy for boosting eco-systemic values in Regional Planning. The challenge is to bring together GIS tools and evaluation models in a networked environment by implementing them towards online interoperability. Public officials, in charge of evaluating new projects, can be guided by the tool in the ex ante and ex post simulation of the land transformation. The effects that the land transformation causes are reflected in the CN as shown trough the web application therefore BMP to improve the hydrological solicitation response can be promoted. The tool is able to help the decision-making actors to cope with the complexity of reality and can help the planner towards strategic decisions based on spatial dat

Managing New Groundwater Irrigated Lands in Egypt Using GIS

Geographic information technology is very important in the worldwide organizations due to its efficiency. Developments in different information systems and computer especially water resources data management systems, directly affect GIS. This technology can be used in Egypt which is an arid country to manage the water resources especially groundwater from both renewable and nonrenewable aquifers. The sustainable water management is one of the most important issues Egypt faces in reclamation lands, Water savings in agriculture in these new lands are an important objective of Egypt’s water strategy. Based on that the magnitude of potential water savings in agriculture and best achieve such savings and management is very important issue. In this study, the scope of the problem is how to manage the available groundwater resources in reclamation lands especially the most of reclamation land is far from the center of decision makers so there is a need to a remote management system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an appropriate Spatial Decision Support System which quickly enables the decision makers to decide upon different planning and management issues and determine the optimal use of these resources without depletion. This research aims at building new water resources management tool to manage and control the groundwater resources by using a Web GIS in order to explore means of increasing water resources using efficiency in reclamation lands management based on dynamic maps and current data