7 research outputs found
Towards Better Methods of Stereoscopic 3D Media Adjustment and Stylization
Stereoscopic 3D (S3D) media is pervasive in film, photography and art. However, working with
S3D media poses a number of interesting challenges arising from capture and editing. In this thesis
we address several of these challenges. In particular, we address disparity adjustment and present
a layer-based method that can reduce disparity without distorting the scene. Our method was
successfully used to repair several images for the 2014 documentary âSoldiersâ Storiesâ directed by
Jonathan Kitzen. We then explore consistent and comfortable methods for stylizing stereo images.
Our approach uses a modified version of the layer-based technique used for disparity adjustment
and can be used with a variety of stylization filters, including those in Adobe Photoshop. We
also present a disparity-aware painterly rendering algorithm. A user study concluded that our
layer-based stylization method produced S3D images that were more comfortable than previous
methods. Finally, we address S3D line drawing from S3D photographs. Line drawing is a common
art style that our layer-based method is not able to reproduce. To improve the depth perception of
our line drawings we optionally add stylized shading. An expert survey concluded that our results
were comfortable and reproduced a sense of depth
Comfort-driven disparity adjustment for stereoscopic video
Pixel disparityâthe offset of corresponding pixels between left and right viewsâis a crucial parameter in stereoscopic three-dimensional (S3D) video, as it determines the depth perceived by the human visual system (HVS). Unsuitable pixel disparity distribution throughout an S3D video may lead to visual discomfort. We present a unified and extensible stereoscopic video disparity adjustment framework which improves the viewing experience for an S3D video by keeping the perceived 3D appearance as unchanged as possible while minimizing discomfort. We first analyse disparity and motion attributes of S3D video in general, then derive a wide-ranging visual discomfort metric from existing perceptual comfort models. An objective function based on this metric is used as the basis of a hierarchical optimisation method to find a disparity mapping function for each input video frame. Warping-based disparity manipulation is then applied to the input video to generate the output video, using the desired disparity mappings as constraints. Our comfort metric takes into account disparity range, motion, and stereoscopic window violation; the framework could easily be extended to use further visual comfort models. We demonstrate the power of our approach using both animated cartoons and real S3D videos
Depth, shading, and stylization in stereoscopic cinematography
Due to the constantly increasing focus of the entertainment industry on stereoscopic imaging, techniques and tools that enable precise control over the depth impression and help to overcome limitations of the current stereoscopic hardware are gaining in importance. In this dissertation, we address selected problems encountered during stereoscopic content production, with a particular focus on stereoscopic cinema. First, we consider abrupt changes of depth, such as those induced by cuts in films. We derive a model predicting the time the visual system needs to adapt to such changes and propose how to employ this model for film cut optimization. Second, we tackle the issue of discrepancies between the two views of a stereoscopic image due to view-dependent shading of glossy materials. The suggested solution eliminates discomfort caused by non-matching specular highlights while preserving the perception of gloss. Last, we deal with the problem of filmgrainmanagement in stereoscopic productions and propose a new method for film grain application that reconciles visual comfort with the idea of medium-scene separation.Aufgrund der stĂ€ndig steigenden Beachtung der stereoskopische Abbildung durch die Unterhaltungsindustrie, gewinnen Techniken und Werkzeuge an Bedeutung, die eine prĂ€zise Steuerung der Tiefenwahrnehmung ermöglichen und EinschrĂ€nkungen der gegenwĂ€rtigen stereoskopischen GerĂ€te ĂŒberwinden. In dieser Dissertation adressieren wir ausgewĂ€hlte Probleme, die wĂ€hrend der Erzeugung von stereoskopischen Inhalten auftreten, mit besonderem Schwerpunkt auf der stereoskopischen Kinematographie. Zuerst betrachten wir abrupte TiefenĂ€nderungen, wie sie durch Filmschnitte hervergerufen werden. Wir leiten ein Modell her, das die Zeit vorhersagt, die fĂŒr das menschliche Sehsystem notwendig ist, um sich an solche Ănderungen der Tiefe zu adaptieren, und schlagen vor wie dieses Modell fĂŒr Schnittoptimierung angewendet werden kann. Danach gehen wir das Problem der Unstimmigkeiten zwischen den zwei Ansichten eines stereoskopischen Bildes, infolge der sichtabhĂ€ngigen Schattierung von glĂ€nzenden Materialien, an. Die vorgeschlagene Lösung eliminiert das visuelle Unbehagen, welches von nicht zusammenpassenden Glanzlichtern verursacht wird, indessen bewahrt sie die Glanzwahrnehmung. Zuletzt behandeln wir das Problem des Filmkornsmanagements in stereoskopischen Produktionen und schlagen eine neue Methode fĂŒr das HinzufĂŒgen vom Filmkorn vor, die die visuelle Behaglichkeit mit der Idee der Medium-Szenen-Trennung in Einklang bringt
Stereoscopic 3D Line Drawing
This paper discusses stereoscopic 3D imaging based on line drawing of 3D shapes. We describe the major issues and challenges in generating stereoscopic 3D effects using lines only, with a couple of relatively simple approaches called each-eye-based and center-eye-based. Each of these methods has its shortcomings, such as binocular rivalry and inaccurate lines. We explain why and how these problems occur, then describe the concept of stereo-coherent lines and an algorithm to extract them from 3D shapes. We also propose a simple method to stylize stereo lines that ensures the stereo coherence of stroke textures across binocular views. The proposed method provides viewers with unique visual experience of watching 2D drawings popping out of the screen like 3D.X1138sciescopu