Estudio comparativo del coeficiente de potencia y de torque presentados en diversas turbinas eólicas

Este artículo presenta un estudio comparativo del coeficiente de potencia y de torque presentado en diversas turbinas eólicas; que se emplean para realizar el análisis de una turbina eólica, estableciendo los conceptos que permiten encontrar la relación de la energía cinética del viento entre la energía mecánica. En este estudio se presentan tres modelos generales que expresan el coeficiente de potencia y de torque, los cuales se agrupan en exponencial, sinusoidal y polinomial. Cabe destacar que los modelos exponenciales y sinusoidales incluyen variaciones en relación a la velocidad específica y del ángulo de ataque; y los modelos polinomiales solo dependen de la velocidad específica. Los modelos son obtenidos considerando características reales de las turbinas eólicas. El propósito de este estudio es analizar el comportamiento de coeficiente de potencia y de torque para establecer todas las consideraciones a tomar en cuenta para el desarrollo e implementación de un emulador de turbinas eólicas.Palabra(s) Clave(s): Coeficiente de Potencia, Coeficiente de Torque, Turbina Eólica

Representation and estimation of the power coefficient in wind energy conversion systems

This paper aims at summarizing various methods used for representing and estimating the power coefficient in wind turbines, such as exponential, sinusoidal and polynomial models, as well as mathematical tools known as state observers. We present an exhaustive bibliographic review of the models used to calculate the power coefficient, given that this type of studies are scarce nowadays. In addition, we propose models that can be satisfactorily used for various analyzes of wind energy conversion systems, such as the representation by a polynomial function of fourth degree and the models based on the stochastic probability function. The relevance of this work is supported by the advantages and disadvantages of the various models and estimators of the power coefficient, which are presented at the end of the article in a comparative table with the purpose of offering to the reader a general summary. Ultimately, this review aims at helping researchers, students, university professors and those who wish to venture into this field, even though they do not have much experience, to establish a quick synthesized understanding of the different models and representations of the power coefficient