DESIGN OF THREE FINGER GRIPPER WITH FSR

Technological advancement is widening up by the advent of new inventions. Robots are going to be an integral part of the completely automated industries. There are many instances where profile detection. In this paper, discussed about the three finger gripper has the abilities with this dexterous electric gripper. Three fingers gripper is extreme changeability and fixable gripping control. Its finger has several positions of geometrics and dimensions. Its specific control of crossing point allows orthodox forward motion on the finger location, rapidity and force. These fingers design in CREO 3.0 software and produced by RPT. Fingers are evaluated to check if the finger is flexible motion. The force is measured by a force sensitive resister (FSR). A force sensor is measure a grasping object whose confrontation difference between before and after force is applied. The Arduino mega controller is used for controlling the servo motor and FSR in gripping motion. This servo motor is 180Ëšrotation angle, Control loop response mechanism is extensively used for accurate control. The Controlled gripper finger is sensed and gripped with force which is being analyzed in the data

Simultaneous velocity, impact and force control

[EN] In this paper, we propose a control method to achieve three objectives simultaneously: velocity regulation during free motion, impact damping and finally force reference tracking. During impact, the parameters are switched in order to dissipate the energy of the system as fast as possible and the optimal switching criteria are deduced. The possibility of sliding regimes is analysed and the theoretical results are verified in simulations.We would like to thank the R&D&I Linguistic Assistance Office, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (Spain), for Granting financial support for the linguistic revision of this paper. This work has been partially funded by the European project MASMICRO (Project number 500095-2), by the projects FEDER-CICYT with reference, DPI2005-08732C02-02 and DP12006-15320-C03-01, of the Ministry of Education and Science as well as by the research Project of the Generalitat Valenciana, GVPRE/2008 20080916.Zotovic Stanisic, R.; Valera Fernández, Á. (2009). Simultaneous velocity, impact and force control. Robotica. 27(7):1039-1048. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263574709005451S1039104827710. Xu Y. , Hollerbach J. M. and Ma D. , “Force and Contact Transient Control Using Nonlinear PD Control,” Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (1994) pp. 924–930.Brach, R. M., & Goldsmith, W. (1991). Mechanical Impact Dynamics: Rigid Body Collisions. Journal of Engineering for Industry, 113(2), 248-249. doi:10.1115/1.2899694Chiaverini, S., & Sciavicco, L. (1993). The parallel approach to force/position control of robotic manipulators. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 9(4), 361-373. doi:10.1109/70.246048Armstrong, B. S. R., Gutierrez, J. A., Wade, B. A., & Joseph, R. (2006). Stability of Phase-Based Gain Modulation with Designer-Chosen Switch Functions. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 25(8), 781-796. doi:10.1177/0278364906067543Volpe, R., & Khosla, P. (1993). A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Impact Control for Manipulators. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 12(4), 351-365. doi:10.1177/027836499301200403Impact modeling and control for industrial manipulators. (1998). IEEE Control Systems, 18(4), 65-71. doi:10.1109/37.710879Brogliato, B., Niculescu, S.-I., & Orhant, P. (1997). On the control of finite-dimensional mechanical systems with unilateral constraints. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 42(2), 200-215. doi:10.1109/9.554400Brogliato, B. (1999). Nonsmooth Mechanics. Communications and Control Engineering. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0557-2Armstrong, B., & Wade, B. A. (2000). Nonlinear PID Control with Partial State Knowledge: Damping without Derivatives. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 19(8), 715-731. doi:10.1177/02783640022067120Controlling contact transition. (1994). IEEE Control Systems, 14(1), 25-30. doi:10.1109/37.257891Seraji, H. (1998). Nonlinear and Adaptive Control of Force and Compliance in Manipulators. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 17(5), 467-484. doi:10.1177/027836499801700501Volpe, R., & Khosla, P. (1993). A theoretical and experimental investigation of explicit force control strategies for manipulators. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 38(11), 1634-1650. doi:10.1109/9.262033A nonlinear PD controller for force and contact transient control. (1995). IEEE Control Systems, 15(1), 15-21. doi:10.1109/37.341859Seraji, H., & Colbaugh, R. (1997). Force Tracking in Impedance Control. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 16(1), 97-117. doi:10.1177/027836499701600107Armstrong, B., Neevel, D., & Kusik, T. (2001). New results in NPID control: Tracking, integral control, friction compensation and experimental results. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 9(2), 399-406. doi:10.1109/87.91139

Adjusting the parameters of the mechanical impedance for velocity, impact and force control

This work is dedicated to the analysis of the application of active impedance control for the realisation of three objectives simultaneously: velocity regulation in free motion, impact attenuation and finally force tracking. At first, a brief analysis of active impedance control is made, deducing the value of each parameter in order to achieve the three objectives. It is demonstrated that the system may be made overdamped with the adequate selection of the parameters if the characteristics of the environment are known, avoiding high overshoots of force during the impact. The second and most important contribution of this work is an additional measure for impact control in the case when the characteristics of the environment are unknown. It consists in switching among different values of the parameters of the impedance in order to dissipate faster the energy of the system, limiting the peaks of force and avoiding losses of contact. The optimal switching criteria are deduced for every parameter in order to dissipate the energy of the system as fast as possible. The results are verified in simulation. © 2011 Cambridge University Press.The authors want to express their gratitude to the Plan Nacional de I+D, Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia (FEDER-CICYT) for the partial financing of this work under the projects DPI2009-13830-C02-01 and DPI2010-20814-C02-02.Zotovic Stanisic, R.; Valera Fernández, Á. (2012). Adjusting the parameters of the mechanical impedance for velocity, impact and force control. Robotica. 30(4):10-25. doi:10.1017/S0263574711000725S1025304Siciliano, B., Sciavicco, L., Villani, L., & Oriolo, G. (2009). Robotics. Advanced Textbooks in Control and Signal Processing. doi:10.1007/978-1-84628-642-1Zotovic Stanisic, R., & Valera Fernández, Á. (2009). Simultaneous velocity, impact and force control. Robotica, 27(7), 1039-1048. doi:10.1017/s0263574709005451Seraji, H., & Colbaugh, R. (1997). Force Tracking in Impedance Control. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 16(1), 97-117. doi:10.1177/027836499701600107Hogan, N. (1985). Impedance Control: An Approach to Manipulation: Part I—Theory. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 107(1), 1-7. doi:10.1115/1.3140702A nonlinear PD controller for force and contact transient control. (1995). IEEE Control Systems, 15(1), 15-21. doi:10.1109/37.341859Brogliato, B., Niculescu, S.-I., & Orhant, P. (1997). On the control of finite-dimensional mechanical systems with unilateral constraints. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 42(2), 200-215. doi:10.1109/9.554400Tsuji, T., & Tanaka, Y. (2008). Bio-mimetic impedance control of robotic manipulator for dynamic contact tasks. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 56(4), 306-316. doi:10.1016/j.robot.2007.09.001Impact modeling and control for industrial manipulators. (1998). IEEE Control Systems, 18(4), 65-71. doi:10.1109/37.710879Ott, C., Albu-Schaffer, A., Kugi, A., & Hirzinger, G. (2008). On the Passivity-Based Impedance Control of Flexible Joint Robots. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 24(2), 416-429. doi:10.1109/tro.2008.915438Brogliato, B. (1999). Nonsmooth Mechanics. Communications and Control Engineering. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0557-2Edwards, C. (1998). Sliding Mode Control. doi:10.1201/9781498701822Armstrong, B. S. R., Gutierrez, J. A., Wade, B. A., & Joseph, R. (2006). Stability of Phase-Based Gain Modulation with Designer-Chosen Switch Functions. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 25(8), 781-796. doi:10.1177/0278364906067543Ziren Lu, & Goldenberg, A. A. (1995). Robust Impedance Control and Force Regulation: Theory and Experiments. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 14(3), 225-254. doi:10.1177/027836499501400303Controlling contact transition. (1994). IEEE Control Systems, 14(1), 25-30. doi:10.1109/37.257891Armstrong, B., Neevel, D., & Kusik, T. (2001). New results in NPID control: Tracking, integral control, friction compensation and experimental results. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 9(2), 399-406. doi:10.1109/87.911392Volpe, R., & Khosla, P. (1993). A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Impact Control for Manipulators. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 12(4), 351-365. doi:10.1177/02783649930120040

Readjustment of the parameters of the impedance for the improvement of the energy dissipation during impact

[ES] El impacto es la parte más peligrosa de una tarea con contacto. Su duración es muy breve por lo que es necesario un control extremadamente rápido. Durante el impacto, le energía cinética del robot adquirida en movimiento libre se transforma en potencial elástica y viceversa. Este artículo propone la conmutación de los parámetros de la impedancia mecánica de forma a aumentar la disipación de la energía del sistema y, de esta forma, suavizar el impacto.[EN] The impact is the most dangerous part of a contact task. Its duration is very brief; hence an extremely fast control is necessary. During the impact, the kinetic energy of the robot acquired during free motion is transformed into elastic potential energy and vice versa. This article proposes the commutation of the parameters of the mechanical impedance in order to increase the dissipation of the energy of the system, and thus to smooth the impact.Zotovic Stanisic, R.; Valera Fernández, Á. (2009). Reajuste de los parámetros de la impedancia mecánica para la mejora de la disipación de la energía durante el impacto. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 6(4):21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1697-7912(09)70105-0OJS213164Armstrong, B., Neevel, D., & Kusik, T. (2001). New results in NPID control: Tracking, integral control, friction compensation and experimental results. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 9(2), 399-406. doi:10.1109/87.911392Armstrong, B. S. R., Gutierrez, J. A., Wade, B. A., & Joseph, R. (2006). Stability of Phase-Based Gain Modulation with Designer-Chosen Switch Functions. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 25(8), 781-796. doi:10.1177/0278364906067543Brogliato, B., Niculescu, S.-I., & Orhant, P. (1997). On the control of finite-dimensional mechanical systems with unilateral constraints. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 42(2), 200-215. doi:10.1109/9.554400Impact modeling and control for industrial manipulators. (1998). IEEE Control Systems, 18(4), 65-71. doi:10.1109/37.710879Hogan, N. (1985). Impedance Control: An Approach to Manipulation: Part I—Theory. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 107(1), 1-7. doi:10.1115/1.3140702Controlling contact transition. (1994). IEEE Control Systems, 14(1), 25-30. doi:10.1109/37.257891Seraji, H., & Colbaugh, R. (1997). Force Tracking in Impedance Control. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 16(1), 97-117. doi:10.1177/027836499701600107Seraji, H. (1998). Nonlinear and Adaptive Control of Force and Compliance in Manipulators. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 17(5), 467-484. doi:10.1177/027836499801700501Volpe, R., & Khosla, P. (1993). A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Impact Control for Manipulators. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 12(4), 351-365. doi:10.1177/027836499301200403A nonlinear PD controller for force and contact transient control. (1995). IEEE Control Systems, 15(1), 15-21. doi:10.1109/37.34185