1,717 research outputs found
Tur\'annical hypergraphs
This paper is motivated by the question of how global and dense restriction
sets in results from extremal combinatorics can be replaced by less global and
sparser ones. The result we consider here as an example is Turan's theorem,
which deals with graphs G=([n],E) such that no member of the restriction set
consisting of all r-tuples on [n] induces a copy of K_r.
Firstly, we examine what happens when this restriction set is replaced just
by all r-tuples touching a given m-element set. That is, we determine the
maximal number of edges in an n-vertex such that no K_r hits a given vertex
set.
Secondly, we consider sparse random restriction sets. An r-uniform hypergraph
R on vertex set [n] is called Turannical (respectively epsilon-Turannical), if
for any graph G on [n] with more edges than the Turan number ex(n,K_r)
(respectively (1+\eps)ex(n,K_r), no hyperedge of R induces a copy of K_r in G.
We determine the thresholds for random r-uniform hypergraphs to be Turannical
and to epsilon-Turannical.
Thirdly, we transfer this result to sparse random graphs, using techniques
recently developed by Schacht [Extremal results for random discrete structures]
to prove the Kohayakawa-Luczak-Rodl Conjecture on Turan's theorem in random
graphs.Comment: 33 pages, minor improvements thanks to two referee
Matchings in 3-uniform hypergraphs
We determine the minimum vertex degree that ensures a perfect matching in a
3-uniform hypergraph. More precisely, suppose that H is a sufficiently large
3-uniform hypergraph whose order n is divisible by 3. If the minimum vertex
degree of H is greater than \binom{n-1}{2}-\binom{2n/3}{2}, then H contains a
perfect matching. This bound is tight and answers a question of Han, Person and
Schacht. More generally, we show that H contains a matching of size d\le n/3 if
its minimum vertex degree is greater than \binom{n-1}{2}-\binom{n-d}{2}, which
is also best possible. This extends a result of Bollobas, Daykin and Erdos.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure. To appear in JCT
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