Effect of temperature rise and ocean acidification on growth of calcifying tubeworm shells (Spirorbis spirorbis): an in situ benthocosm approach

The calcareous tubeworm Spirorbis spirorbis is a widespread serpulid species in the Baltic Sea, where it commonly grows as an epibiont on brown macroalgae (genus Fucus). It lives within a Mg-calcite shell and could be affected by ocean acidification and temperature rise induced by the predicted future atmospheric CO2 increase. However, Spirorbis tubes grow in a chemically modified boundary layer around the algae, which may mitigate acidification. In order to investigate how increasing temperature and rising pCO2 may influence S. spirorbis shell growth we carried out four seasonal experiments in the Kiel Outdoor Benthocosms at elevated pCO2 and temperature conditions. Compared to laboratory batch culture experiments the benthocosm approach provides a better representation of natural conditions for physical and biological ecosystem parameters, including seasonal variations. We find that growth rates of S. spirorbis are significantly controlled by ontogenetic and seasonal effects. The length of the newly grown tube is inversely related to the initial diameter of the shell. Our study showed no significant difference of the growth rates between ambient atmospheric and elevated (1100 ppm) pCO2 conditions. No influence of daily average CaCO3 saturation state on the growth rates of S. spirorbis was observed. We found, however, net growth of the shells even in temporarily undersaturated bulk solutions, under conditions that concurrently favoured selective shell surface dissolution. The results suggest an overall resistance of S. spirorbis growth to acidification levels predicted for the year 2100 in the Baltic Sea. In contrast, S. spirorbis did not survive at mean seasonal temperatures exceeding 24 °C during the summer experiments. In the autumn experiments at ambient pCO2, the growth rates of juvenile S. spirorbis were higher under elevated temperature conditions. The results reveal that S. spirorbis may prefer moderately warmer conditions during their early life stages but will suffer from an excessive temperature increase and from increasing shell corrosion as a consequence of progressing ocean acidification

Ostracods from freshwater and brackish environments of the Carboniferous of the Midland Valley of Scotland : the early colonization of terrestrial water bodies

The Mississippian Strathclyde Group of the Midland Valley of Scotland yields some of the earliest non-marine ostracods. The succession records shallow marine, deltaic, estuarine, lagoonal, lacustrine, fluvial and swamp environments representing a series of staging-posts between fully marine and limnetic settings. Macrofossils and ostracods are assigned to marine, marginal marine, brackish and freshwater environments based on their faunal assemblage patterns. Key brackish to freshwater ostracods are Geisina arcuata, Paraparchites circularis n. sp., Shemonaella ornata n. sp. and Silenites sp. A, associated with the bivalves Anthraconaia, Carbonicola, Cardiopteridium, Curvirimula, Naiadites, the microconchid ‘Spirorbis’, Spinicaudata and fish. Many Platycopina and Paraparchiticopina ostracods are interpreted as euryhaline, which corresponds with their occurrence in marine to coastal plain water bodies, and supports the ‘estuary effect’ hypothesis of non-marine colonization. The success of non-marine colonization by ostracods was dependent on the intrinsic adaptations of ostracod species to lower salinities, such as new reproductive strategies and the timing of extrinsic mechanisms to drive non-marine colonization, such as sea-level change. The genus Carbonita is the oldest and most common freshwater ostracod, and went on to dominate freshwater environments in the Late Palaeozoic

Брюхоногие моллюски временных водоемов центральной части Одесской области

Предоставлено деление пресноводных моллюсков для некоторых биотопов Одещины, были найдены 33 вида: Contectiana contecta, Bithynia producta, Bithynia tentaculata, Bithynia decipiens, Opistorhophorus hispanicus, Opistorhophorus troscheli, Opistorhophorus baudonianus, Opistorhophorus valvatoides, Dygircidum bourguignati, Valvata spirorbis, Cincinna piscinalis, Lymnaea auricularia, Lymnaea ovata, Lymnaea palustris, Lymnaea truncatula, Lymnaea stagnalis, Physa fontinalis, Costatella integra, Aplexa hypnorum, Planorbarius cornea, Planorba rius purpura, Planorbis carynatus, Planorbis planorbis, Segmentina nitida, Segmentina distinguenda, Armiger crista, Armiger bielzi, Anysus vortex, Anysus vorticulus, Anysus contortus, Anysus spirorbis, Anysus leucostoma, Anysus dazuri. Opistorhophorus valvatoides, Dygircidum bourguignati, Valvata spirorbis та Anysus dazuri наводяться вперше для Одещини

Essais de revégétalisation par des espèces locales d'anciens sites miniers de la région de Thio

Ces essais avaient pour but de tester certaines espèces locales pour restaurer d'anciens terrains miniers et d'analyser leur adaptabilité, leurs modalités d'implantation et leur durabilité pour obtenir une couverture dens

Growth and Longevity of Some Calcareous Fouling Organisms, Monterey Bay, California

A knowledge of the lifespan of an organism is of value in understanding its life history. Ecological succession, including rates and characteristics of marine fouling, may be related to organism longevity. Organic production can be evaluated from growth and longevity data (e.g., Thorson, 1957). Our longevity analysis was undertaken as part of an evaluation of rates of biogenic sediment production by calcareous organisms

Таксономічна ревізія підродини Planorbinae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata)

Виконано таксономічну ревізію підродини Planorbinae на підставі комплексного аналізу сукупності конхіолого-анатомічних ознак молюсків. Застосування методів багатовимірної статистики дає змогу надійно іденти- фікувати 25 видів планорбід. Заперечено видову самостійність Anisus crassus, A. draparnaldi, Segmentina servaini, S. montgazoniana, Hippeutis diaphanella, H. euphaea

First find of microconchids (Tentaculita) on Upper Carboniferous seed fern Karinopteris daviesii from Nowa Ruda (Lower Silesia, Poland)

Microconchid remains were recognized from the Zacler Beds (Westphalian) of the Nowa Ruda area in Lower Silesia. They were tentatively determined as ?Microconchus sp. They have planispirally coiled tubes ranging in diameter from 0.9 to 2.5 mm. Some of the specimens are juveniles, while the rest are possibly mature. Well-visible ornamentation in the form of transverse thicker ribs and thinner longitudinal striae are present on the tube exterior of some well-preserved specimens. Microconchids occur on the surface of the leaf of the seed fern species Karinopteris daviesii

Unintentional introduction of aquatic molluscs from Poland to Prague (Czech Republic)

The aquatic mollusc populations of a restored water reservoir N1 – Stodůlky (Prague Capital City, Czech Republic, Elbe River Basin) were studied during 2005. Two visits, one and two months after inundation of the reservoir revealed rapid colonisation by 14 species of aquatic molluscs and the introduction of eight species (Valvata macrostoma, Stagnicola palustris s. str., S. corvus, Planorbis planorbis, Bathyomphalus contortus, Anisus spirorbis, A. septemgyratus, Segmentina nitida) from a site in north-western part of Poland (Tuchola region, Wisla River Basin about 450 km distant). These molluscs were transported on coir rollers and matting which were used for stabilisation of the reservoir banks during restoration