43,995 research outputs found
The Lattice structure of Chip Firing Games and Related Models
In this paper, we study a famous discrete dynamical system, the Chip Firing
Game, used as a model in physics, economics and computer science. We use order
theory and show that the set of reachable states (i.e. the configuration space)
of such a system started in any configuration is a lattice, which implies
strong structural properties. The lattice structure of the configuration space
of a dynamical system is of great interest since it implies convergence (and
more) if the configuration space is finite. If it is infinite, this property
implies another kind of convergence: all the configurations reachable from two
given configurations are reachable from their infimum. In other words, there is
a unique first configuration which is reachable from two given configurations.
Moreover, the Chip Firing Game is a very general model, and we show how known
models can be encoded as Chip Firing Games, and how some results about them can
be deduced from this paper. Finally, we define a new model, which is a
generalization of the Chip Firing Game, and about which many interesting
questions arise.Comment: See http://www.liafa.jussieu.fr/~latap
Outlaw Community Innovations
Recent studies of outlaw communities provide qualitative evidence of their existence and the organisation of the underlying innovation processes. We provide descriptive results from a large scale survey of two online outlaw communities focussing on Microsoft's XBox. In line with previous findings, we identify two types of participants in outlaw communities - user innovators and adopters. Based on 2,256 responses, we find that users modify their XBox mainly to be able to increase the set of available functions of their XBox. Users are also motivated to modify their XBox for the sake of having fun and to conduct pirate behaviour. Finally, the results from our survey suggest that user innovators are largely intrinsically motivated by fun and the intellectual stimulation of writing code for homebrew software
Shunning Uncertainty: The Neglect of Learning Opportunities
Financial, managerial, and medical decisions often involve alternatives whose possible outcomes have uncertain probabilities. In contrast to alternatives whose probabilities are known, these uncertain alternatives offer the benefits of learning. In repeat-choice situations, such learning brings value. If probabilities appear favorable (unfavorable), a choice can be repeated (avoided). In a series of experiments involving bets on the colors of poker chips drawn from bags, decision makers often prove to be blind to the learning opportunities offered by uncertain probabilities. Such decision makers violate rational decision making and forgo significant expected payoffs when they shun uncertain alternatives in favor of risky ones. Worse, when information is revealed, many make choices contrary to learning. A range of factors explain these violations. The results indicate that priming with optimal strategies offers little improvement.
TechNews digests: Jan - Nov 2008
TechNews is a technology, news and analysis service aimed at anyone in the education sector keen to stay informed about technology developments, trends and issues. TechNews focuses on emerging technologies and other technology news. TechNews service : digests september 2004 till May 2010 Analysis pieces and News combined publish every 2 to 3 month
Chip-firing groups of iterated cones
Let be a finite graph and let be the "th cone over
" (i.e., the join of and the complete graph ). We study
the asymptotic structure of the chip-firing group .Comment: 8 pages. v4: added Remark 1.
TechNews digests: Jan - Mar 2010
TechNews is a technology, news and analysis service aimed at anyone in the education sector keen to stay informed about technology developments, trends and issues. TechNews focuses on emerging technologies and other technology news. TechNews service : digests september 2004 till May 2010 Analysis pieces and News combined publish every 2 to 3 month
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