874 research outputs found
Vacuum Values for Auxiliary String Fields
Auxiliary string fields are introduced in light-cone gauge string field
theory in order to express contact interactions as contractions of cubic
vertices. The auxiliary field in the purely closed-string bosonic theory may be
given a non-zero expectation value, leading to a phase in which world-sheets
have boundaries.Comment: 13 pages, DAMTP/94-2
Stable Knotted Strings
We solve the Cauchy problem for the relativistic closed string in Minkowski
space , including the cases where the initial data has a knot like
topology. We give the general conditions for the world sheet of a closed
knotted string to be a time periodic surface. In the particular case of zero
initial string velocity the period of the world sheet is proportional to half
the length () of the initial string and a knotted string always collapses
to a link for . Relativistic closed strings are dynamically evolving
or pulsating structures in spacetime, and knotted or unknotted like structures
remain stable over time. The generation of arbitrary -fold knots, starting
with an initial simple link configuration with non zero velocity is possible.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, Plain Tex. Final version for Phys. Lett.
Strings with interacting ends
At the classical level we study open bosonic strings. A generic description
of string self-interactions localized at string ends is given.
Self-interactions are characterized by two dimensionless coupling constants.
The model is rewritten using complex Liouville fields. Using these Lorentz and
reparametrization invariant variables, equations of motion get greatly
simplified and reduce to some boundary problem for Liouville equation.Comment: 11 pages, latex, no figure
Infinite planar string: cusps, braids and soliton exitations
We investigate infinite strings in space-time, which may be
considered as excitations of straight lines on the spatial plane. We also
propose the hamiltonian description of such objects that differs from the
standard hamiltonian description of the string. The hamiltonian variables are
separated into two independent groups: the "internal" and "external" variables.
The first ones are invariant under space-time transformations and are connected
with the second form of the world-sheet. The "external" variables define the
embedding of the world-sheet into space-time. The constructed phase space is
nontrivial because the finite number of constraints entangles the variables
from these groups. First group of the variables constitute the coefficients for
the pair of first-order spectral problems; the solution of these problems is
necessary for the reconstruction of the string world-sheet. We consider the
excitations, which correspond to "N- soliton" solution of the spectral problem,
and demonstrate that the reconstructed string has cuspidal points. World lines
of such points form braids of various topologies.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
D-branes and Short Distances in String Theory
We study the behavior of D-branes at distances far shorter than the string
length scale~. We argue that short-distance phenomena are described by the
IR behavior of the D-brane world-volume quantum theory. This description is
valid until the brane motion becomes relativistic. At weak string coupling
\gs this corresponds to momenta and energies far above string scale. We use
0-brane quantum mechanics to study 0-brane collisions and find structure at
length scales corresponding to the eleven-dimensional Planck length (\lp11
\sim \gs^{1/3} l_s) and to the radius of the eleventh dimension in M-theory
(\R11 \sim \gs l_s). We use 0-branes to probe non-trivial geometries and
topologies at sub-stringy scales. We study the 0-brane 4-brane system,
calculating the 0-brane moduli space metric, and find the bound state at
threshold, which has characteristic size \lp11. We examine the blowup of an
orbifold and are able to resolve the resulting down to size \lp11. A
0-brane with momentum approaching is able to explore a larger
configuration space in which the blowup is embedded. Analogous phenomena occur
for small instantons. We finally turn to 1-branes and calculate the size of a
bound state to be \sim \gs^{1/2} l_s, the 1-brane tension scale.Comment: 50 pages, harvmac, 3 epsf figures. References added, minor changes in
tex
Inhomogeneous Fragmentation of the Rolling Tachyon
Dirac-Born-Infeld type effective actions reproduce many aspects of string
theory classical tachyon dynamics of unstable Dp-branes. The inhomogeneous
tachyon field rolling from the top of its potential forms topological defects
of lower codimensions. In between them, as we show, the tachyon energy density
fragments into a p-dimensional web-like high density network evolving with
time. We present an analytic asymptotic series solution of the non-linear
equations for the inhomogeneous tachyon and its stress energy. The generic
solution for a tachyon field with a runaway potential in arbitrary dimensions
is described by the free streaming of noninteracting massive particles whose
initial velocities are defined by the gradients of the initial tachyon profile.
Thus, relativistic particle mechanics is a dual picture of the tachyon field
effective action. Implications of this picture for inflationary models with a
decaying tachyon field are discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur
Quantum Theory of Strings in Abelian Higgs Model
Starting from the Abelian Higgs field theory, we construct the theory of
quantum Abrikosov--Nielsen--Olesen strings. It is shown that in four space --
time dimensions in the limit of infinitely thin strings, the conformal anomaly
is absent, and the quantum theory exists. We also study an analogue of the
Aharonov--Bohm effect: the corresponding topological interaction is
proportional to the linking number of the string world sheet and the particle
world trajectory. The creation operators of the strings are explicitly
constructed in the path integral and in the Hamiltonian formulation of the
theory. We show that the Aharonov--Bohm effect gives rise to several nontrivial
commutation relations.Comment: 17 pages, LaTe
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