Оценка битовых ошибок при различных видах модуляции дискретных сигналов

В роботі досліджено можливість оцінювання бітової помилки (BER) для деяких цифрових методів модуляції/демодуляції в системах зв'язку та передачі інформації. Розглянуто особливості оцінювання BER для основних методів демодуляції цифрових інформаційних систем з метою виявлення загальних закономірностей і підвищення ефективності цих методів.Introduction. The introduction describes the main characteristics of bit errors. These sources of bit errors in discrete channels. Also listed scientists who worked on the study opportunities monitoring bit error in discrete channels. The main purpose of the article is to conduct research and theoretical modeling of processes in discrete channels to control error measurement and forecasting parameter BER bit error depending on the signal/noise ratio. Theoretical analysis. A comparison of some types of digital modulation for effective use in systems transmitting information. Comparisons were made using the correlation function, power spectral density and distance between signals. It was proved that through this you can control the real value of bit error (BER) for each type of modulation. Important here is the dependence of the BER signal/noise ratio in the test communication channel. Determined that efficiency could be described bit error probability value of the output of the receiver, which is determined by the expression (4). Control parameters BER modulation in digital signals. At this paragraph the examples of control parameter BER at different modulation signals. The simulation results show that with an increase in the signal/noise bit error probability for different types of demodulation will decrease.В работе исследована возможность оценки битовой ошибки (BER) для некоторых цифровых методов модуляции/демодуляции в системах связи и передачи информации. Рассмотрены особенности оценки BER для основных методов демодуляции цифровых информационных систем с целью выявления общих закономерностей и повышения эффективности этих методов

Architecture of a network-in-the-Loop environment for characterizing AC power system behavior

This paper describes the method by which a large hardware-in-the-loop environment has been realized for three-phase ac power systems. The environment allows an entire laboratory power-network topology (generators, loads, controls, protection devices, and switches) to be placed in the loop of a large power-network simulation. The system is realized by using a realtime power-network simulator, which interacts with the hardware via the indirect control of a large synchronous generator and by measuring currents flowing from its terminals. These measured currents are injected into the simulation via current sources to close the loop. This paper describes the system architecture and, most importantly, the calibration methodologies which have been developed to overcome measurement and loop latencies. In particular, a new "phase advance" calibration removes the requirement to add unwanted components into the simulated network to compensate for loop delay. The results of early commissioning experiments are demonstrated. The present system performance limits under transient conditions (approximately 0.25 Hz/s and 30 V/s to contain peak phase-and voltage-tracking errors within 5. and 1%) are defined mainly by the controllability of the synchronous generator

Survey of unified approaches to integrated-service networks

The increasing demand for communication services, coupled with recent technological advances in communication media and switching techniques, has resulted in a proliferation of new and expanded services. Currently, networks are needed which can transmit voice, data, and video services in an application-independent fashion. Unified approaches employ a single switching technique across the entire network bandwidth, thus, allowing services to be switched in an application-independent manner. This paper presents a taxonomy of integrated-service networks including a look at N-ISDN, while focusing on unified approaches to integrated-service networks.The two most promising unified approaches are burst and fast packet switching. Burst switching is a circuit switching-based approach which allocates channel bandwidth to a connection only during the transmission of "bursts" of information. Fast packet switching is a packet switching-based approach which can be characterized by very high transmission rates on network links and simple, hardwired protocols which match the rapid channel speed of the network. Both approaches are being proposed as possible implementations for integrated-service networks. We survey these two approaches, and also examine the key performance issues found in fast packet switching. We then present the results of a simulation study of a fast packet switching network

Experimental demonstration of a measurement-based realisation of a quantum channel

We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a method for realising a quantum channel using the measurement-based model. Using a photonic setup and modifying the bases of single-qubit measurements on a four-qubit entangled cluster state, representative channels are realised for the case of a single qubit in the form of amplitude and phase damping channels. The experimental results match the theoretical model well, demonstrating the successful performance of the channels. We also show how other types of quantum channels can be realised using our approach. This work highlights the potential of the measurement-based model for realising quantum channels which may serve as building blocks for simulations of realistic open quantum systems.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Measurements, processing functions and laboratory test-bed experiments for evaluating diversity in broadcast network

This paper presents a test-bed development and measurement plan for evaluating transmit diversity and on-channel repeaters in the Digital Video Broadcasting Network. Transmit diversity reduces the complexity and improves the power consumption of the personal receiving devices by enhancing the transmission of signals in NLOS cluttered environments. It is more practical than receive diversity due to the difficulty of locating two receive antennas far enough apart in a small mobile device. The on-channel repeater is to extend the coverage of the DVB-T/H network in areas where services are inaccessible by receiving the DVB-T/H signals off air, amplifying and then retransmitting it on the same frequency as received. Test service scenarios were developed to illustrate the benefits of such technologies so that effectiveness can be researched in a variety of service and terrain scenarios using purpose built test systems.The work presented in this paper was supported by the European Commission IST project PLUTO

Regenerative and Adaptive schemes Based on Network Coding for Wireless Relay Network

Recent technological advances in wireless communications offer new opportunities and challenges for relay network.To enhance system performance, Demodulate-Network Coding (Dm-NC) scheme has been examined at relay node; it works directly to De-map the received signals and after that forward the mixture to the destination. Simulation analysis has been proven that the performance of Dm-NC has superiority over analog-NC. In addition, the Quantize-Decode-NC scheme (QDF-NC) has been introduced. The presented simulation results clearly provide that the QDF-NC perform better than analog-NC. The toggle between analogNC and QDF-NC is simulated in order to investigate delay and power consumption reduction at relay node.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC), Vol.4, No.3, May 201