A comparative analysis for Detecting Uncertain Deterioration of Node Energy in MANET through Trust Based Solution

Energy is consumed in MANET during the transmission and reception of data, propagation of control packets, retransmission and overhearing. We concentrate in reducing the energy consumption during the transmission and reception of data. Each node in MANET transmits data with the maximum energy regardless of the distance between the nodes. Also the mobile nodes expend some energy in transmission and reception of data. We have utilized the metrics received signal strength, link quality and the distance between the nodes to compute the energy required to transmit the data from a node to its neighboring node. The energy computed is involved in the selection of the optimal path which requires minimum energy to route the data from source to destination. Nodes within an ad hoc network generally rely on batteries (or exhaustive energy sources) for energy. Since these energy sources have a limited lifetime, power availability is one of the most important constraints for the operation of the ad hoc network

A development of optical network unit power consumption model considering traffic load effect

Accurate and precise measurement of energy consumption for the deployment of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network using Gigabit passive optical network (GPON) is vital to the research community to develop models for the synthesis of energy-efficient protocols and algorithms for the access network. However, lack of power consumption measurement of optical network devices in the past has led to unrealistic and/or oversimplified model being used in simulations. Usually the access network devices are assumed always on and their consumption is both traffic and time independent. Therefore, in this paper we propose an experimentally-driven approach to i) characterize the Optical Network Unit (ONU) from the power consumption standpoint and ii) develop more accurate power consumption model for the ONU. We focus on ONU since it represents the main contributor to the energy consumption of optical access network. The real data in terms of the power consumption and traffic load have been obtained from continuous measurements performed on a GPON network testbed. The measurement is limited to a maximum 100 Mbps data rate due to a limitation in the sampling rate and precision of the measurement device. However, validation has been done with theoretical power consumption model in order to prove the feasibility of the proposed model. Our measurements show that the power consumption of the ONU exhibits a linear dependence on the traffic in which the power consumption at idle mode is 11.51 W while in low power mode the power consumption is around 7.52 W