Captive model testing for ship to ship operations

Applications of ship-to-ship operations for liquid cargo transfer, in particular for crude oil and LNG, will to be increasing in the future. Moreover, such operations are expected to take place in more severe environmental conditions. In order to have a better understanding of the hydrodynamic phenomena that are of importance for this kind of manoeuvres, a research project entitled “Investigating hydrodynamic aspects and control strategies for ship-to-ship operations” has been initiated, co-ordinated by MARINTEK (Trondheim, Norway) and supported financially by the Research Council of Norway. The main objective is to improve existing simulator based training activities for personnel involved in complex ship-to-ship operations in open seas through increased knowledge and understanding of the complex water flow between two ships operating in close proximity. As a final goal, a new generation simulation tools for ship-to-ship operations incorporating up-to-date knowledge of fluid dynamics has to be established. The project consists of four work packages: (1) Computational Fluid Dynamics; (2) Particle Image Velocimetry; (3) Mathematical models for simulators; (4) Nautical safety and control aspects. In the frame of the third work package, captive model tests are being carried out at the Towing tank for manoeuvres in shallow water (co-operation Flanders Hydraulics Research – Ghent University) in Antwerp, Belgium. While the model of an Aframax tanker is attached to the computer controlled planar motion carriage, a VLCC model is attached to the towing carriage as well. Two types of tests are considered: steady state tests, during which the main tests parameters (ships’ speed, relative longitudinal and lateral position, propeller rates, drift angle of the Aframax tanker, rudder angle) are kept constant, and dynamic tests, characterised by a varying lateral distance and/or heading. Horizontal forces and moments, propeller thrust and torque, and vertical motions are measured on both ship models, while the vertical motions of the free surface are monitored in three fixed points of the towing tank. The paper intends to give a summary of the test results, that will be used for validation of mathematical manoeuvring simulation models and CFD calculations

Concept design of a fast sail assisted feeder container ship

An environmentally sustainable fast sail-assisted feeder-container ship concept, with a maximum speed of 25 knots, has been developed for the 2020 South East Asian and Caribbean container markets. The use of low-carbon and zero-sulphur fuel (liquefied natural gas) and improvements in operational efficiency (cargo handling and scheduling) mean predicted Green house gas emissions should fall by 42% and 40% in the two selected operational regions. The adoption of a Multi-wing sail system reduces power requirement by up to 6% at the lower ship speed of 15 knots. The predicted daily cost savings are respectively 27% and 33% in South East Asian and the Caribbean regions.Two hull forms with a cargo capacity of 1270TEU utilising different propulsion combinations were initially developed to meet operational requirements. Analysis & tank testing of different hydrodynamic phenomena has enabled identification of efficiency gains for each design. The final propulsion chosen is a contra-rotating podded drive arrangement. Wind tunnel testing improved Multi-wing sail performance by investigating wing spacing, wing stagger and sail-container interactions. The associated lift coefficient was increased by 32%. Whilst savings in sail-assisted power requirement are lower than initially predicted an unexpected identified benefit was motion damping.The fast feeder-container ship is a proposed as a viable future method of container transhipment

Estimasi Kapasitas dan Titik Berat pada Pembuatan Kapal Jaring Tradisional di Galangan Kapal Bagan SiapiApi Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Menggunakan Software Autodesk Inventor 2010

Jaring ship building in Bagan Siapiapi Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Riau in general is traditionally. One example that still use the traditional way is how to determine the capacity and center of gravity. In estimating the capacity and gravity in Bagan Siapiapi Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Riau is not accurate so as to anticipate it, Bagan Siapiapi community change the shape and size of the vessel at the time of testing The purpose of the study to estimate the capacity and center of gravity in Bagan Siapiapi. This research is a study case method that uses a single fishing vessel industry is in Bagan Siapiapi. Jaring's ships measured ship's main dimensions, construction Linggi, keel construction, joist construction, foundation construction machinery, building construction on the upper deck, and wood density testing, subsequent construction of ships drawn using Autodesk Inventor 2010 software. Capacity and center of gravity jaring ship calculations using Autodesk Inventor 2010 software. From the data processing capacity of jaring Bagan Siapiapi Chart for 7.093 kg and an emphasis on jaring ship Bagan Siapiapi is at position: (1) unloading condition (0,9 mm; 888,5 mm ;-162,5 mm) the front view with the tilt angle of the ship experienced a shaky 89,24o and -84o side view (2) maximum load condition ( 0,7 mm; 976,7 mm; -600,4 mm) the front view with the tilt angle of the ship experienced a shaky -89,8o and side view 80,03o

The reduced cost of providing a nationally recognised service for familial hypercholesterolaemia

OBJECTIVE: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) affects 1 in 500 people in the UK population and is associated with premature morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. In 2008, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommended genetic testing of potential FH index cases and cascade testing of their relatives. Commissioners have been slow to respond although there is strong evidence of cost and clinical effectiveness. Our study quantifies the recent reduced cost of providing a FH service using generic atorvastatin and compares NICE costing estimates with three suggested alternative models of care (a specialist-led service, a dual model service where general practitioners (GPs) can access specialist advice, and a GP-led service).METHODS: Revision of existing 3?year costing template provided by NICE for FH services, and prediction of costs for running a programme over 10?years. Costs were modelled for the first population-based FH service in England which covers Southampton, Hampshire, Isle of Wight and Portsmouth (SHIP). Population 1.95 million.RESULTS: With expiry of the Lipitor (Pfizer atorvastatin) patent the cost of providing a 10-year FH service in SHIP reduces by 42.5% (£4.88 million on patent vs £2.80 million off patent). Further cost reductions are possible as a result of the reduced cost of DNA testing, more management in general practice, and lower referral rates to specialists. For instance a dual-care model with GP management of patients supported by specialist advice when required, costs £1.89 million.CONCLUSIONS: The three alternative models of care are now <50% of the cost of the original estimates undertaken by NICE

Condition monitoring for enhanced inspection, maintenance and decision making in ship operations

This paper presents the INCASS (Inspection Capabilities for Enhanced Ship Safety) project which brings innovative solutions to the ship inspection regime by integrating robotic-automated platforms for on-line or on-demand ship inspection activities and selecting the software and hardware tools that can implement or facilitate specific inspection tasks, to provide in- put to the Decision Support System (DSS). Enhanced inspection of ships includes ship structures and machinery monitoring with real time information using ‘intelligent’ sensors and incorporating structural and machinery risk analysis, using in-house structural/hydrodynamics and machinery computational tools. Condition based inspection tools and methodologies, reliability and criticality based maintenance are introduced. An enhanced central database handles ship structures and machinery data. The development and implementation of the INCASS system is shown in the case of ship machinery systems. In this way the validation and testing of the INCASS framework will be achieved in realistic operational conditions

A cermet fuel reactor for nuclear thermal propulsion

Work on the cermet fuel reactor done in the 1960's by General Electric (GE) and the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) that had as its goal the development of systems that could be used for nuclear rocket propulsion as well as closed cycle propulsion system designs for ship propulsion, space nuclear propulsion, and other propulsion systems is reviewed. It is concluded that the work done in the 1960's has demonstrated that we can have excellent thermal and mechanical performance with cermet fuel. Thousands of hours of testing were performed on the cermet fuel at both GE and AGL, including very rapid transients and some radiation performance history. We conclude that there are no feasibility issues with cermet fuel. What is needed is reactivation of existing technology and qualification testing of a specific fuel form. We believe this can be done with a minimum development risk

Karakterisasi Sifat Fisik Dan Mekanik Jendela Kapal Produk UMKM Berbahan Baku Limbah Aluminium

The needs of shipping components made from aluminum is increasing. This needs not only for production of new ships but also for old ships spare part. This makes many small and medium industries growing and developing to work in this field. Most of small foundry industry do not use pure aluminum material, but utilizing scrap or reject material from the previous casting material. So this is affect the outcome and quality of the product. UMKM from Tegal City is one of central foundry industry which is the main product is ships component. But the product that produced by this UMKM has been no have any testing on the physical and mechanical properties so that do not have the technical specifications and standards for the manufacturing of ship component. This study aims to examine the mechanical and physical properties of ship window aluminum alloy produced by UMKM toward International ship company quality standards for ship components. Metal casting conducted by using sand casting and examined its physical properties and mechanical properties with a variety of testing methods. The test includes electrical conductivity, hardness, ultimate tensile strength calculations, density, and composition test. The results of the study showed that the material for ship windows produced by UMKM in Tegal is comply the standards, with content for aluminum type is 213.0 or Al-Cu alloy, with the hardness and UTS values 48,8 HRB and 318,67 MPa

Advanced composite aileron for L-1011 transport aircraft: Aileron manufacture

The fabrication activities of the Advanced Composite Aileron (ACA) program are discussed. These activities included detail fabrication, manufacturing development, assembly, repair and quality assurance. Five ship sets of ailerons were manufactured. The detail fabrication effort of ribs, spar and covers was accomplished on male tools to a common cure cycle. Graphite epoxy tape and fabric and syntactic epoxy materials were utilized in the fabrication. The ribs and spar were net cured and required no post cure trim. Material inconsistencies resulted in manufacturing development of the front spar during the production effort. The assembly effort was accomplished in subassembly and assembly fixtures. The manual drilling system utilized a dagger type drill in a hydraulic feed control hand drill. Coupon testing for each detail was done

The development and sea trials of a subsea holographic camera for large volume in-situ recording of marine organisms

We describe the development, construction and sea testing of an underwater holographic camera (HoloCam) for in situ recording of marine organisms and particles in large volumes of sea water. HoloCam comprises a laser, power supply, holographic recording optics and plate holders, a water-tight housing and a support frame. Added to this are control electronics such that the entire camera is remotely operable and controllable from ship or dock-side. Uniquely the camera can simultaneously record both in-line and off-axis holograms using a pulsed frequency doubled Nd-YAG laser. In-line holography is capable of producing images of organisms with a resolution of better than 10 Pm (at concentrations up to a few thousand per cubic centimetre at the smallest sizes). Off-axis holograms of aquatic systems of up to 50,000 cm3 volume, have been recorded. Following initial laboratory testing, the holo-camera was evaluated in an observation tank and ultimately was tested in Loch Etive, Scotland. In-line and off-axis holograms were recorded to a depth of 100 m. We will present results on the test dives and evaluation of the camera performance