Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs): A Review

INTRODUCTION: FANETs are a type of wireless communication network consisting of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones that work collaboratively to process data and attain optimal results. These networks have achieved significant attention due to their potential applications in diverse engineering fields. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of FANET, covering various aspects related to its classification, architecture, communication types, mobility models, challenges, characteristics, and design. It also discusses the importance of routing protocols and topology in FANETs. Furthermore, this paper identifies and presents open issues and challenges in the field of FANETs, urging researchers to focus on exploring and addressing these essential parameters and research areas. OBJECTIVES: This paper will aims to promote further investigation and advancement in the field of FANETs and similar networks, enabling researchers to explore and overcome the challenges to unleash the full potential of these UAV-based ad-hoc networks shortly. METHODS: The data used in this paper was gathered from various research papers. A brief comparison among FANETs, MANETs, and VANETs has been shown and highlighted the main points. This paper also elaborates the general architecture, mobility models, routing, routing protocols in FANETs. RESULTS: It was discovered that the use of both deterministic and probabilistic techniques is suggested to enhance the performance and efficiency of FANETs. By combining these methods, the paper suggests that better results can be achieved in terms of network reliability, adaptability, and overall performance. CONCLUSION: This paper discusses the importance of routing protocols and topology in FANETs. Furthermore, this paper identifies and presents open issues and challenges in the field of FANETs, urging researchers to focus on exploring and addressing these essential parameters and research areas

Routing schemes in FANETs: a survey

Flying ad hoc network (FANET) is a self-organizing wireless network that enables inexpensive, flexible, and easy-to-deploy flying nodes, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), to communicate among themselves in the absence of fixed network infrastructure. FANET is one of the emerging networks that has an extensive range of next-generation applications. Hence, FANET plays a significant role in achieving application-based goals. Routing enables the flying nodes to collaborate and coordinate among themselves and to establish routes to radio access infrastructure, particularly FANET base station (BS). With a longer route lifetime, the effects of link disconnections and network partitions reduce. Routing must cater to two main characteristics of FANETs that reduce the route lifetime. Firstly, the collaboration nature requires the flying nodes to exchange messages and to coordinate among themselves, causing high energy consumption. Secondly, the mobility pattern of the flying nodes is highly dynamic in a three-dimensional space and they may be spaced far apart, causing link disconnection. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the limited research work of routing schemes in FANETs. Different aspects, including objectives, challenges, routing metrics, characteristics, and performance measures, are covered. Furthermore, we present open issues