Trust Management for Secure Routing Forwarding Data Using Delay Tolerant Networks

Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have established the connection to source and destination. For example this often faces disconnection and unreliable wireless connections. A delay tolerant network (DTNs) provides a network imposes disruption or delay. The delay tolerant networks operate in limited resources such as memory size, central processing unit. Trust management protocol uses a dynamic threshold updating which overcomes the problems .The dynamic threshold update reduces the false detection probability of the malicious nodes. The system proposes a secure routing management schemes to adopt information security principles successfully. It analyzes the basic security principles and operations for trust authentication which is applicable in delay tolerant networks (DTNs).For security the proposed system identifies the store and forward approach in network communications and analyzes the routing in cases like selfish contact and collaboration contact methods. The proposed method identifies ZRP protocol scheme and it enhances the scheme using methods namely distributed operation, mobility, delay analysis, security association and trust modules. This security scheme analyzes the performance analysis and proposed algorithm based on parameter time, authentication, security, and secure routing. From this analysis, this research work identifies the issues in DTNs secure routing and enhances ZRP (Zone Routing Protocol) by suggesting an authentication principle as a noted security principle for extremely information security concepts

AN ANALYSIS ON THE MOBILE PAYMENT INDUSTRY IN CHINA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO MALAYSIA

Internet which is one of the most transformative and fast-growing technologies has become an integral part of our lives. Globally, the number of Internet users increased from only 413 million in 2000 to over 4.5 billion as of June 2019, with the Internet users from Asia Pacific made up the major market share. Owing to changing lifestyle and rapid growth in E-commerce, this trend is expected to continue over for subsequent many years especially in China. China’s mobile payment transaction volume has reached 190.5 trillion Yuan in 2018, with a year-on-year growth rate of 58.4% due to its advantages of security, stability and convenience. Meanwhile, Malaysia which represents one the fastest growing mobile payment market in the world, has its mobile payment usage skyrocketed in the last five years reaching a staggering 40 billion ringgit. Since 2005, the year when Central Bank of Malaysia liberalized its policy by permitting non-banking institution to provide mobile payment service, there were only 1billion ringgit spent via 365.6 million transactions. 13 years later, the transaction volume has increased to 11 billion ringgit with 1.92 billion transactions made. This implies that there is a huge development opportunity of mobile payment industry in Malaysia and the biggest mobile payment industry in the world, China can be a development model for further growth of this industry in Malaysia.  Besides analyzing the current development of the mobile payment industry in China at the beginning of this paper by carrying out life cycle analysis, this paper also studies the influencing factors and challenges of mobile payment in China. Moreover, a comparison of the industry in both China and Malaysia has been drawn out by using PEST analysis. Lastly, the author also proposed the measures and suggestions for enhancement of mobile payment industry in Malaysia

From MANET to people-centric networking: Milestones and open research challenges

In this paper, we discuss the state of the art of (mobile) multi-hop ad hoc networking with the aim to present the current status of the research activities and identify the consolidated research areas, with limited research opportunities, and the hot and emerging research areas for which further research is required. We start by briefly discussing the MANET paradigm, and why the research on MANET protocols is now a cold research topic. Then we analyze the active research areas. Specifically, after discussing the wireless-network technologies, we analyze four successful ad hoc networking paradigms, mesh networks, opportunistic networks, vehicular networks, and sensor networks that emerged from the MANET world. We also present an emerging research direction in the multi-hop ad hoc networking field: people centric networking, triggered by the increasing penetration of the smartphones in everyday life, which is generating a people-centric revolution in computing and communications