Routes for breaching and protecting genetic privacy

We are entering the era of ubiquitous genetic information for research, clinical care, and personal curiosity. Sharing these datasets is vital for rapid progress in understanding the genetic basis of human diseases. However, one growing concern is the ability to protect the genetic privacy of the data originators. Here, we technically map threats to genetic privacy and discuss potential mitigation strategies for privacy-preserving dissemination of genetic data.Comment: Draft for comment

Novel Proposed Work for Empirical Word Searching in Cloud Environment

People's lives have become much more convenient as a result of the development of cloud storage. The third-party server has received a lot of data from many people and businesses for storage. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the user's data is protected from prying eyes. In the cloud environment, searchable encryption technology is used to protect user information when retrieving data. The versatility of the scheme is, however, constrained by the fact that the majority of them only offer single-keyword searches and do not permit file changes.A novel empirical multi-keyword search in the cloud environment technique is offered as a solution to these issues. Additionally, it prevents the involvement of a third party in the transaction between data holder and user and guarantees integrity. Our system achieves authenticity at the data storage stage by numbering the files, verifying that the user receives a complete ciphertext. Our technique outperforms previous analogous schemes in terms of security and performance and is resistant to inside keyword guessing attacks.The server cannot detect if the same set of keywords is being looked for by several queries because our system generates randomized search queries. Both the number of keywords in a search query and the number of keywords in an encrypted document can be hidden. Our searchable encryption method is effective and protected from the adaptive chosen keywords threat at the same time

A Sharding-Based Approach for Enhancing Efficiency in ISSDOs for Sharing Scattered Values

Data outsourcing is a solution aimed at addressing the security and reliability issues of data storage by ensuring professional handling of the data. The growing use of outsourcing is causing concern among users due to the lack of assurance regarding the security and reliability of data stored on servers. To address these issues, some attempts have been made to implement Secret Sharing-based Data Outsourcing (SSDO) schemes. The low efficiency of these schemes led researchers to use an index server (IS). However, IS are susceptible to frequency analysis. Bucket-Chain $B^+Tree$ ($BCB^+Tree$) was proposed to tackle the frequency analysis in the current Index Server Secret Sharing-based Data Outsourcing (ISSDO) schemes. Nevertheless, this scheme works very well when the data is discrete with a limited range. Otherwise, the scheme\u27s efficiency declines significantly as it has to store one index in each bucket and the number of buckets rises significantly, rendering the use of an IS useless. In this paper, a new data structure is proposed to store the indexes in IS to mitigate this efficiency concern. Briefly, the domain of values is divided into several segments, and indexes of values in each segment are stored inside a $Shard$. Additionally, a data outsourcing scheme has been presented based on the proposed data structure. It can withstand collaboration from up to $k-1$ dishonest servers even if they have access to the IS

A comprehensive meta-analysis of cryptographic security mechanisms for cloud computing

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.The concept of cloud computing offers measurable computational or information resources as a service over the Internet. The major motivation behind the cloud setup is economic benefits, because it assures the reduction in expenditure for operational and infrastructural purposes. To transform it into a reality there are some impediments and hurdles which are required to be tackled, most profound of which are security, privacy and reliability issues. As the user data is revealed to the cloud, it departs the protection-sphere of the data owner. However, this brings partly new security and privacy concerns. This work focuses on these issues related to various cloud services and deployment models by spotlighting their major challenges. While the classical cryptography is an ancient discipline, modern cryptography, which has been mostly developed in the last few decades, is the subject of study which needs to be implemented so as to ensure strong security and privacy mechanisms in today’s real-world scenarios. The technological solutions, short and long term research goals of the cloud security will be described and addressed using various classical cryptographic mechanisms as well as modern ones. This work explores the new directions in cloud computing security, while highlighting the correct selection of these fundamental technologies from cryptographic point of view

Security Enhancement in Cloud Environment using Secure Secret Key Sharing

Securing the data in distributed cloud system is considered one of the major concern for the cloud customers who faces security risks. The data leakage or data tampering are widely used by attackers to extract the private information of other users who shares the confidential data through virtualization. This paper presents Secure Secret Sharing (SSS) technique which is being recognized as one of the leading method to secure the sensitive data. It shares encrypted data over cloud and generated secret key is split into different parts distributed to qualified participants (Qn) only which is analyzed by malicious checkers. It verifies the clients based on their previous performances, whether these users proved to be authorized participant or not. The key computation is evaluated by the Key handler (KH) called trusted party which manages authorized control list, encryption/decryption and reconstruction of key shares. The Lagrange’s interpolation method is used to reconstruct the secret from shares. The experimental results shows that the proposed secure data sharing algorithm not only provides excellent security and performance, but also achieves better key management and data confidentiality than previous countermeasures. It improves the security by using secure VM placement and evaluated based on time consumption and probability computation to prove the efficacy of our algorithm. Experiments are performed on cloudsim based on following parameters i.e. time computation of key generation; response time and encryption/decryption. The experimental results demonstrate that this method can effectively reduce the risks and improves the security and time consumption up to 27.81% and 43.61% over existing algorithms

Optimal and Efficient Searchable Encryption with Single Trapdoor for Multi-Owner Data Sharing in Federated Cloud Computing

Cloud computing, an Internet based computing model, has changed the way of data owners store and manage data. In such environment, data sharing is very important with more efficient data access control. Issuing an aggregate key to users on data enables and authorizes them to search for data of select encrypted files using trapdoor or encrypted keyword. The existing schemes defined for this purpose do have certain limitations. For instance, Cui et al. scheme is elegant but lacks in flexibility in access control in presence of multiple data owners sharing data to users. Its single trapdoor approach needs transformation into individual trapdoors to access data of specific data owner. Moreover, the existing schemes including that of Cui et al. does not support federated cloud.  In this paper we proposed an efficient key aggregate searchable encryption scheme which enables multiple featuressuch as support for truly single aggregate key to access data of many data owners, federated cloud support,query privacy, controlled search process and security against cross-pairing attack. It has algorithms for setup, keygen, encrypt, extract, aggregate, trapdoor, test and federator. In multi-user setting it is designed to serve data owners and users with secure data sharing through key aggregate searchable encryption The proposed scheme supports federated cloud. Experimental results revealed that the proposed scheme is provably secure withrelatively less computational overhead and time complexity when compared with the state of the art

Shared Collection Development, Digitization, and Owned Digital Collections

While library models already exist for sharing physical materials and joint licensing, this paper envisions an aspect of future collections involving a national digital collection owned, not licensed, by libraries. Collaborative collection development, digitization, and digital object management of owned collections can benefit societies in multiple ways, from expanding access to users otherwise unable to reach these materials, to preserving content even when disaster strikes, to reducing duplication of effort and expense in collection or digitization. This article will explore both the benefits of and the challenges to this type of collaboration