Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf

The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences. It comprises a total of 1191 species, distributed among 3 superclasses, 4 classes, 42 orders, 212 families and 617 genera. If considering only the EEZ and present territorial waters, this list represents an increase of 230 species (27.8%) and of 238 species (29.0%), when compared to the information available in FishBase (2012) and in the last checklist of marine and estuarine fishes of Portugal (1993), respectively. The order Perciformes shows the highest diversity, with 54 families, 162 genera and 299 species. Stomiidae (80 species), Myctophidae (71 species) and Macrouridae (37 species) are the richest families. From the listed species, 734 are present off mainland Portugal, 857 off the Azores and 766 off Madeira. Within the limits of the examined area, three species are reported for the first time in mainland Portugal and twenty-nine records are identified as doubtful. A total of 133 species have been recorded from the extended Portuguese continental shelf (2 off mainland Portugal, 117 off the Azores and 14 off Madeira), two of which are common to the Azores and Madeira extensions. Biogeographically, the Atlantic group is the most important (548 species – 46.01%), followed by the Lusitanian group (256 species – 21.49%), the African group (71 species – 5.96%), the Boreal group (34 species – 2.85%), the Mediterranean group (31 species – 2.60%), the Macaronesian group (21 species – 1.76%), the Atlantic/African group (19 species – 1.60%) and the Mediterranean/African and the Arctic groups, each with only 1 species (0.08%). Regarding the preferences for vertical habitat, the demersal fishes are the most important group (305 species – 25.61%), followed by the mesopelagic group (228 species – 19.14%), the bathypelagic group (164 species – 13.77%), the benthopelagic group (147 species – 12.34%), the bathydemersal group (115 species – 9.66%), the reef-associated group (88 species – 7.39%), the pelagic group (74 species – 6.21%), the epipelagic group (58 species – 4.87%) and 1 species (0.08%) of the benthic group. The oceanic habitat is the best represented group comprising 446 species (37.45%), followed by the shelf group (199 species – 16.71%), the slope group (164 species – 13.77%), the inner shelf group (89 species – 7.47%), the coastal group (70 species – 5.88%), the outer shelf group (29 species – 2.43%) and the oceanic/shelf group (7 species – 0.59%)

Effects of climate change and fishing on demersal ecosystems : an approach to human impacts on North East Atlantic and Spanish Mediterranean communities

Las comunidades marinas están expuestas a ciertas presiones de origen ambiental y antropogénico, entre las cuales destacan el calentamiento global y la presión pesquera. Para conservar el buen funcionamiento de los ecosistemas marinos y facilitar un uso sostenible de los servicios que proveen es necesario que su gestión se realice desde un enfoque ecosistémico. Este tipo de gestión debe apoyarse en estudios científicos que aspiren a entender los procesos que subyacen a las reorganizaciones ecológicas que suceden cuando los impactos de la pesca y el cambio climático actúan de forma combinada. Esta tesis contiene varias aproximaciones en esta línea de investigación, analizando la conexión entre los cambios composicionales observados en las comunidades y el desplazamiento de las especies en busca de sus condiciones ambientales óptimas, atendiendo también otros mecanismos ecológicos que subyacen a estos cambios, en concreto, aquellos relacionados con la sensibilidad y la resiliencia de las comunidades marinas.Global warming is at present an undeniable driver of marine communities’ reorganizations, but marine ecosystems are also exposed to other pressures of environmental and anthropogenic origin, among which the many forms of fishing stand out. In order to protect the functioning of marine ecosystems and allow a sustainable access to the services they provide, a well informed ecosystem-based management depends on the sustained generation of scientific assessments. This thesis aims at a better understanding of the processes that underlie marine communities’ reorganizations related to both warming and fishing, so as to ultimately facilitate the prevention of catastrophic shifts. Through different approaches this thesis analyzes the connection between observed compositional changes and the species tracking of their preferred niche conditions, and also examines the ecological mechanisms behind such changes, in particular those related to the marine communities’ sensitivity and resilience

Pleuronectiformes

ORDER PLEURONECTIFORMES Family Citharidae Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus, 1758) — Atlantic spotted flounder Fifteen specimens ranging between 6 and 10 cm TL caught at 130–160 m depth during several “Demersales” surveys. Family Scophthalmidae * Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758) — Brill *Psetta maxima (Linnaeus, 1758) — Turbot * Zeugopterus punctatus (Bloch, 1787) — Topknot * Zeugopterus regius (Bonnaterre, 1788) — Eckström's topknot * Phrynorhombus norvegicus (Günther, 1862) — Norwegian topknot Not recorded from Galicia neither by Nielsen in Whitehead et al. (1986) nor by Quéro (2003). However it is recorded by Iglesias (1981) and posteriorly by Bañón et al. (2008 b) (Figure 16), confirming its presence in Galician waters and extending to the south its known distribution range. Lepidorhombus boscii (Risso, 1810) — Fourspotted megrim Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (Walbaum, 1792) — Megrim Family Bothidae * Arnoglossus imperialis (Rafinesque, 1810) — Imperial scald fish * Arnoglossus thori Kyle, 1913 — Thor's scaldfish * Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, 1792) — Scald fish Family Pleuronectidae Microstomus kitt (Walbaum, 1792) — Lemon sole Two specimens of 43 cm TL caught at 96 and 96.5 m depth during the surveys “Demersales 95 ” and “Demersales 96 ” respectively. * Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) — Flounder * Pleuronectes platessa Linnaeus, 1758 — European plaice Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758) — Witch Family Soleidae Microchirus azevia (de Brito Capello, 1867) — Bastard sole * Microchirus variegatus (Donovan, 1808) — Thickback sole Monochirus hispidus Rafinesque, 1814 — Whiskered sole Reported by López-Seoane (1866); there are no posterior records of this species. * Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) — Sole Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858 — Senegalese sole * Pegusa lascaris (Risso, 1810) — Sand sole * Bathysolea profundicola (Vaillant, 1888) — Deepwater sole Dicologlossa cuneata (Moreau, 1881) — Wedge sole * Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810) — Solenette Family Cynoglossidae Symphurus nigrescens Rafinesque, 1810 — TonguesolePublished as part of Mucientes, Gonzalo & Arronte, Juan Carlos, 2010, Marine fishes from Galicia (NW Spain): an updated checklist, pp. 1-27 in Zootaxa 2667 on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27636