66,457 research outputs found
Man's transportation to space
Saturn i, saturn ib, and saturn v launch vehicle
Impact of Saturn's rings on mission analysis for MJS 77
Mariner Jupiter-Saturn '77 mission objectives for Saturn are considered which affect the trajectory design and in particular the aim point at Saturn. These objectives include the following: (1) earth, sun occulation of Saturn, rings, and satellites; (2) close as possible to surface; (3) close as possible to rings; (4) close encounter with Titan (approximately 20,000 km); (5) close encounter with lapetus; (6) multiple satellite encounters; (7) post-Saturn trajectory to Uranus; and (8) post-Saturn trajectory toward solar apex
Voyager 2 to make closest encounter with Saturn in August
The planned Voyager 2 Saturn mission is described. Information about Saturn obtained from the Voyager 1 encounter is summarized. Data on the satellites and rings of Saturn are tabulated. The video programming schedule for the Voyager 2 Saturn encounter is given. The Voyager science team is listed
Saturn orbiter dual probe mission
The described Saturn orbiter dual probe mission and spacecraft combines three systems into a multi-purpose Saturn exploration package. The spacecraft consists of: (1) Saturn orbiter; (2) Saturn probe; and (3) Titan probe or lander. This single spacecraft provides the capability to conduct in situ measurements of the Saturn and Titan atmospheres, and, possibly the Titan surface, as well as a variety of remote sensing measurements. The remote sensing capabilities will be used to study the surfaces, interiors and environments of Saturn's satellites, the rings of Saturn, Saturn's magnetosphere, and synoptic properties of Saturn's atmosphere
Corrections Terms for the Thermodynamics of a Black Saturn
In this paper, we will analyze the effects of thermal fluctuations on the
stability of a black Saturn. The entropy of the black Saturn will get corrected
due to these thermal fluctuations. We will demonstrate that the correction term
generated by these thermal fluctuations is a logarithmic term. Then we will use
this corrected value of the entropy to obtain bounds for various parameters of
the black Saturn. We will also analyze the thermodynamical stability of the
black Saturn in presence of thermal fluctuations, using this corrected value of
the entropy.Comment: 15 pages, revised version has been accepted for publication in Phys.
Lett.
On the orbital evolution of a giant planet pair embedded in a gaseous disk. II. A Saturn-Jupiter configuration
We carry out a series of high-resolution (1024 X 1024) hydrodynamic
simulations to investigate the orbital evolution of a Saturn-Jupiter pair
embedded in a gaseous disk. This work extends the results of our previous work
by exploring a different orbital configuration---Jupiter lies outside Saturn
(q<1, where q= M_i/M_o is the mass ratio of the inner planet and the outer
one). We focus on the effects of different initial separations (d) between the
two planets and the various surface density profiles of the disk, where \sigma
\propto r^{-\alpha}. We also compare the results of different orbital
configurations of the planet pair. Our results show that: (1) when the initial
separation is relatively large(d>d_{iLr}, where d_{iLr} is the distance between
Jupiter and its first inner Lindblad resonance), the two planets undergo
divergent migration. However, the inward migration of Saturn could be halted
when Jupiter compresses the inner disk in which Saturn is embedded. (2)
Convergent migration occurs when the initial separation is smaller (d<d_{iLr})
and the density slope of the disk is nearly flat (\alpha<1/2). Saturn is then
forced by Jupiter to migrate inward when the two planets are trapped into mean
motion resonances (MMRs), and Saturn may get very close to the central star.
(3) In the case of q<1, the eccentricity of Saturn could be excited to a very
high value (e_{S}~0.4-0.5) by the MMRs and the system could maintain stability.
These results explain the formation of MMRs in the exoplanet systems where the
outer planet is more massive than the inner one. It also helps us to understand
the origin of the "hot Jupiter/Saturn" undergoing high eccentric orbit.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, 2 table
Saturn orbiter mission study
A preliminary analysis of the important aspects of missions orbiting the planet Saturn is provided. Orbital missions to Saturn is given serious consideration for the 1980's, or after flybys by Pioneer 10/G and Mariner Jupiter-Saturn 1977. An attempt is made to characterize Saturn orbiters in detail so that comparisons with Jupiter missions can be made. The scientific objectives of Saturn exploration are grouped under four topics: (1) the atmosphere, (2) the magnetosphere, (3) the rings, and (4) the satellites
Alternate multiple-outer-planet missions using a Saturn-Jupiter flyby sequence
A study has been made of a method for providing more frequent launch opportunities for multiple-planet Grand Tour type missions to the outer solar system. A Saturn-Jupiter flyby sequence was used in the analysis to initiate the mission instead of the normal Jupiter-Saturn sequence. The Saturn-first approach is shown to yield several new launch opportunities following the 1980 cutoff date for Jupiter-first missions. Results are given for various two-planet, three-planet, and four-planet Jupiter-first and Saturn-first missions. A unique five-planet Saturn-first mission and a Saturn-Jupiter flyby which returns to earth are also discussed. Mission performance is evaluated for each flyby technique by comparing Saturn-first and Jupiter-first missions with respect to launch energy requirements, available launch windows, planetary encounter conditions, and total mission times
Conclusions and recommendations: Exploration of the Saturn system
Saturn missions have the following principal goals, in order of importance: (1) Intensive investigation of the atmosphere of Saturn; (2) determination of regional surface chemistry and properties of the surface features of satellites and properties of ring particles; (3) intensive investigation of Titan; and (4) atmospheric dynamics and structure of Saturn satellites and Saturn rings
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