3 research outputs found
Energy efficiency comparison between 2.1 GHz and 28 GHz based communication networks
Get PDFMobile communications have revolutionized the way we communicate around the globe, making communication easier, faster and cheaper. In the first three generations of mobile networks, the primary focus was on voice calls, and as such, the traffic on the networks was not as heavy as it currently is. Towards the fourth generation however, there was an explosive increase in mobile data traffic, driven in part by the heavy use of smart phones, tablets and cloud services, that is in turn increasing heavy energy consumption by the mobile networks to meet increased demand. Addition of power conditioning equipment adds on to the overall energy consumption of the base stations, necessitating deployment of energy efficient solutions to deal with the impacts and costs of heavy energy consumption.
This thesis investigates the energy efficiency performance of mobile networks in various scenarios in a dense urban environment. Consideration is given to the future deployment of 5G networks, and simulations are carried out at 2.1 GHz and 28 GHz frequencies with a channel bandwidth of 20 MHz in the 2.1 GHz simulation and 20 MHz in 28 GHz scenario. The channel bandwidth of the 28 GHz system is then increased ten-fold and another system performance evaluation is then done. Parameters used for evaluating the system performance include the received signal strength, signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio, spectral efficiency and power efficiency are also considered.
The results suggest that deployment of networks using mmWave frequencies with the same parameters as the 2.1 GHz does not improve the overall performance of the system but improves the throughput when a bandwidth of 200 MHz band is allocated. The use of antenna masking with down tilting improves the gains of the system in all three systems. The conclusion drawn is that if all factors are the same, mmWave systems can be installed in the same site locations as 2.1 GHz systems. However, to achieve better performance, some significant modifications would need to be considered, like the use of antenna arrays and beam steering techniques. This simulation has considered outdoor users only, with indoor users eliminated. The parameters in a real network deployment might differ and the results could change, which in turn could change the performance of the system
A Framework to Enhance Privacy-Awareness in Mobile Web Systems
Get PDFIn the last decade, the use of online social network sites has dramatically increased and these sites have succeeded in attracting a large number of users. The social network site has become a daily tool people use to find out about the latest news and to share details of their personal information. Many people use Internet mobile devices to browse these sites. The widespread use of some technologies unnecessarily puts the privacy of users at risk, even when these users remain anonymous. This study examines the risks to privacy surrounding the misuse of users' personal information, such as maintaining trustworthy sites, as well as privacy issues associated with sharing personal information with others. This study also develops a framework to enhance privacy awareness in mobile Web systems. A privacy framework is proposed that incorporates suitability in the design and flexibility in the use to suit different types of Web mobile devices, and provides simple ways of adjusting and creating different privacy policies. This framework allows the user to create different levels of privacy settings and to better manage the exchange of personal information with other sites. The proposed conceptual model for this study is derived from a review of the literature and the current privacy models. It shows how online users are able to create different privacy policies and set different policies to access the data. It also explains how the centrality of personal information details in one server will limit the distribution of personal information over the Internet and will provide users with more authority to control the sharing of their information with other websites. The design of the proposed framework is derived from developing other privacy models and adding new ideas that enhance the security level of protecting the privacy of users' information. The study consists of five main tasks that include two different qualitative methodologies, programming two applications and testing the framework
