Mobile IP and Route Optimization: A Simulation Study.

Powerful light-weight portable computers, the availability of wireless networks, and the popularity of the Internet are driving the need for better networking support for mobile hosts. Current versions of the Internet Protocol (IP), make an implicit assumption that the point at which a computer attaches to a network is fixed and its IP address identifies the network to which it is attached. Packets are sent to a computer based on the location information contained in its IP address. Therefore, transparent host mobility is not supported by IP. But there is a growing need for users to be able to connect their portable computers to the Internet at any time, and stay connected even when they are on the move. Amongst various options available to implement host mobility, Mobile IP, which is an IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) Draft Standard, is the most feasible one. The Mobile IP protocol, that is compatible with the TCP/IP protocol suite, allows a mobile host to move around the Internet without changing its identity. It is an internet (IP) layer solution to host mobility. Route Optimization, which is an extension to Mobile IP, allows a node to cache the location of a mobile host and to send packets directly to that mobile host. This thesis describes the development of a model to simulate Mobile IP with Route Optimization. An event-driven simulator was developed to study this protocol. Using this simulator, experiments were conducted to study the performance of the protocol under various changing network parameters. These experiments also establish the merits of Route Optimization over base Mobile IP

Secure Mobile IP with HIP Style Handshaking and Readdressing

Mobile IP allows the mobile node roaming into a new IP network without losing its connection with its peer. Mobile IPv6 is using Mobile IP with Route Optimizationto improve performance by avoiding the triangle routing and adopting Return Routability as a secure process for binding update. Host Identity Protocol (HIP) is an experimental security protocol which provides mobility management and multi-homing by its new namespace. Its architecture is similar to that of Mobile IP with Route Optimization. In this paper, we have introduced a Secure Mobile IP with HIP Style Handshaking and Readdressing (SMIP), which has stronger security, better performance and lower binding cost in binding update process compared with Mobile IPv6. The dependence of home agent in the new scheme is also shown dramatically decreased. The initiated scheme integrated the primary features of two completely different mobility management solutions and has set up a migration path from mobile-IP based solution to a public-key based solution in mobile IP network

ROUTE OPTIMIZATION IN NESTED MOBILE NETWORKS (NEMO) USING OLSR

International audienceInternet edge mobility has been possible for a number of years: mobile IP[8], allows a host to change its point of at- tachment to the Internet and NEMO [6] allows the same functionality for a group of hosts along with a mobile router. The virtue of NEMO and mobile IP is transparency: a host remains identifiable through the same IP address, and traffic sent to that IP address will be tunneled to arrive at the intended node. NEMO allows "nested networks": a mobile network which attaches to another mobile network to arbitrary depth. However for each level of nesting, traffic is encap- sulated and tunneled to reach the destination. This leads to increased overhead (encapsulation) and to sub-optimal paths (tunneling without consideration for the actual net- work topology). In this paper, we investigate route-optimization in nested NEMO networks. We employ an ad-hoc routing protocol between mobile routers to ensure shortest routes when both source and destination for traffic is within the nested NEMO network. The mechanism also simplifies the requirements for route optimization when the source node is located outside of the nested NEMO network

Investigation of Mobile IPv6 and SIP integrated architectures for IMS and VoIP applications

Mobile IPv6 and SIP are protocols designed to support different types of mobility. Mobile IPv6 has been used to support mobility in IP networks and SIP has been used for voice over IP applications. It is the signalling protocol of the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS). In this paper both protocols have been simulated and compared in order to observe their performance for voice over IP (VoIP) applications. In this paper the architectures proposed by researchers in order to combine mobile IPv6 and SIP have also been investigated and compared to analyse their advantages and disadvantages. A network scenario, running mobile IPv6 and SIP for IMS, has also been simulated in order to evaluate the performance offered by the two protocols and to compare them with the results from the simulation of the pure mobile IPv6 and SIP architectures. The comparison shows that the combined scenario offers better performance similar to the one obtained using only mobile IPv6 with route optimization. The scenario simulated was also compared with the integrated architectures for mobile IPv6 and SIP that were investigated

Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Route Optimisation Solution for NEMO

An important requirement for Internet protocol (IP) networks to achieve the aim of ubiquitous connectivity is network mobility (NEMO). With NEMO support we can provide Internet access from mobile platforms, such as public transportation vehicles, to normal nodes that do not need to implement any special mobility protocol. The NEMO basic support protocol has been proposed in the IETF as a first solution to this problem, but this solution has severe performance limitations. This paper presents MIRON: Mobile IPv6 route optimization for NEMO, an approach to the problem of NEMO support that overcomes the limitations of the basic solution by combining two different modes of operation: a Proxy-MR and an address delegation with built-in routing mechanisms. This paper describes the design and rationale of the solution, with an experimental validation and performance evaluation based on an implementation.Publicad

ANALISIS SISTEM KEAMANAN OPTIMASI RUTE PADA MOBILE IPv6

ABSTRAKSI: Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) memungkinkan Mobile Node (MN) melakukan komunikasi secara langsung dengan pasangannya Coresspondent Node (CN) menggunakan kemampuan merubah arah (route) menggunakan alamat IP. Kemampuan ini kemudian disebut dengan Route Optimization (RO), cara ini memungkinkan Mobile Node (MN) berkomunikasi dengan Coresspondent Node (CN) menggunakan route yang lebih pendek, daripada secara default yang harus melalui Home Agent (HA) terlebih dahulu.Dalam optimasi route, peer node IPv6 menggunakan mekanisme binding antara alamat permanen Mobile Node (MN) dan alamat sementara Care-of-Address (CoA). Ketika menggunakan binding, peer node akan meneruskan paket ke Care-of-Address. Hal ini dapat menjadi potensi yang berbahaya ketika ada sebuah host ‘jahat’ mencoba membuat atau merekayasa binding sehingga menyebabkan kesalahan alamat tujuan pengiriman, pencurian paket oleh penyerang atau flooding paket.IPv6 memiliki sistem keamanan sendiri, yaitu IPSec khusus dan sudah terintegrasi dalam protokol ini. Mekanisme keamanan ini meskipun tidak sepenuhnya sempurna tetapi menyediakan fasilitas perlindungan yang jauh lebih baik dari pada IPv4 yang sekarang sering digunakan. Analisis optimasi rute ini membahas desain keamanan yang mungkin diimplementasikan pada MIPv6 dari segi masalah latar belakang arsitektur routing IP pada mobile IP, kemudian memberikan mekanisme tepat yang mungkin untuk diajukan dari latar belakang tersebut.Hasil akhir yang didapat, paket binding antara MN dan HA sudah termasuk aman, meskipun serangan false binding update yang pada akhirnya sering membuat HA melakukan proses pencatatan data yang banyak. Sementara untuk ketangguhan jaringan wireless dan IPv6 sendiri masih sangat rentan dengan serangan keamanan. MIPv6 merupakan bagian dari IPv6, untuk masa yang akan datang akan lebih aman jika konfigurasi keamanan IPv6 dioptimalisasi lebih jauh lagi.Kata Kunci : MIPv6, Keamanan, Binding, Route OptimizationABSTRACT: Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) allows the Mobile Node (MN) communicated directly with the Coresspondent Node (CN) using its ability to redirect the route using IP address. This capability then called Route Optimization (RO), it allows the Mobile Node (MN) communicated with Coresspondent Node (CN) using a shorter route than the default, which must go through the Home Agent (HA) first.On route optimization, the IPv6 peer node using the binding mechanism between the permanent address of Mobile Node (MN) and the temporary address of the Care-of-Address (COA). When using a binding, peer node will forward the package to the Care-of-Address. This is a potential danger when there is an evil host tried to create or manipulate binding that caused error in destination address, steal package or make a flooding package.IPv6 has its own security system, called the special IPSec and has already integrated in this protocol. This security mechanism, even it does not completely perfect for the next implementation, provides better protection than in IPv4 which is often used. This route optimization analysis discussed the security design that may be implemented on MIPv6 based on the routing IP on mobile IP problem, so then it provides the appropriate mechanism that can be submitted by the background.The result is that the binding package between MN and HA are safety enough, even though the intense of false binding update attack finally make the HA should process a lot of data recording. While the reliability of a wireless network and IPv6 itself are very vulnerable from security attacks. MIPv6 is one of IPv6’s parts, it will be more secure if the IPv6 security configuration can be optimized in the future research.Keyword: MIPv6, Security, Binding, Route Optimizatio

Low latency IP mobility management: Protocol and analysis

Mobile IP is one of the dominating protocols that enable a mobile node to remain reachable while moving around in the Internet. However, it suffers from long handoff latency and route inefficiency. In this article, we present a novel distributed mobility management architecture, ADA (Asymmetric Double-Agents), which introduces double mobility agents to serve one end-to-end communication. One mobility agent is located close to the MN and the other close to the CN. ADA can achieve both low handoff latency and low transmission latency, which is crucial for improvement of user perceived QoS. It also provides an easy-to-use mechanism for MNs to manage and control each traffic session with a different policy and provide specific QoS support. We apply ADA to MIPv6 communications and present a detailed protocol design. Subsequently, we propose an analytical framework for systematic and thorough performance evaluation of mobile IP-based mobility management protocols. Equipped with this model, we analyze the handoff latency, single interaction delay and total time cost under the bidirectional tunneling mode and the route optimization mode for MIPv6, HMIPv6, CNLP, and ADA. Through both quantitative analysis and NS2-based simulations, we show that ADA significantly outperforms the existing mobility management protocols. © 2011 Liu et al; licensee Springer

Reducing Packet Overhead in Mobile IPv6

Common Mobile IPv6 mechanisms, Bidirectional tunneling and Route optimization, show inefficient packet overhead when both nodes are mobile. Researchers have proposed methods to reduce packet overhead regarding to maintain compatible with standard mechanisms. In this paper, three mechanisms in Mobile IPv6 are discussed to show their efficiency and performance. Following discussion, a new mechanism called Improved Tunneling-based Route Optimization is proposed and due to performance analysis, it is shown that proposed mechanism has less overhead comparing to common mechanisms. Analytical results indicate that Improved Tunneling-based Route Optimization transmits more payloads due to send packets with less overhead