14 research outputs found
Revisiting the optical -symmetric dimer
Optics has proved a fertile ground for the experimental simulation of quantum
mechanics. Most recently, optical realizations of -symmetric
quantum mechanics have been shown, both theoretically and experimentally,
opening the door to international efforts aiming at the design of practical
optical devices exploiting this symmetry. Here, we focus on the optical
-symmetric dimer, a two-waveguide coupler were the materials show
symmetric effective gain and loss, and provide a review of the linear and
nonlinear optical realizations from a symmetry based point of view. We go
beyond a simple review of the literature and show that the dimer is just the
smallest of a class of planar -waveguide couplers that are the optical
realization of Lorentz group in 2+1 dimensions. Furthermore, we provide a
formulation to describe light propagation through waveguide couplers described
by non-Hermitian mode coupling matrices based on a non-Hermitian generalization
of Ehrenfest theorem.Comment: 25 pages, 12 figure
PT-symmetry from Lindblad dynamics in a linearized optomechanical system
We analyze a lossy linearized optomechanical system in the red-detuned regime under the rotating wave approximation. This so-called optomechanical state transfer protocol provides effective lossy frequency converter (quantum beam-splitter-like) dynamics where the strength of the coupling between the electromagnetic and mechanical modes is controlled by the optical steady-state amplitude. By restricting to a subspace with no losses, we argue that the transition from mode-hybridization in the strong coupling regime to the damped-dynamics in the weak coupling regime, is a signature of the passive parity-time (PT) symmetry breaking transition in the underlying non-Hermitian quantum dimer. We compare the dynamics generated by the quantum open system (Langevin or Lindblad) approach to that of the PT-symmetric Hamiltonian, to characterize the cases where the two are identical. Additionally, we numerically explore the evolution of separable and correlated number states at zero temperature as well as thermal initial state evolution at room temperature. Our results provide a pathway for realizing non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in optomechanical systems at a quantum level
Generating high-order exceptional points in coupled electronic oscillators using complex synthetic gauge fields
Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems, where
both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce. Classical and quantum systems
exhibiting high-order EPs have recently been identified as fundamental building
blocks for the development of novel, ultra-sensitive opto-electronic devices.
However, arguably one of their major drawbacks is that they rely on non-linear
amplification processes that could limit their potential applications,
particularly in the quantum realm. In this work, we show that high-order EPs
can be designed by means of linear, time-modulated, chain of inductively
coupled RLC (where R stands for resistance, L for inductance, and C for
capacitance) electronic circuits. With a general theory, we show that
coupled circuits with dynamical variables and time-dependent parameters
can be mapped onto an -site, time-dependent, non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, and
obtain constraints for -symmetry in such models. With numerical
calculations, we obtain the Floquet exceptional contours of order by
studying the energy dynamics in the circuit. Our results pave the way toward
realizing robust, arbitrary-order EPs by means of synthetic gauge fields, with
important implications for sensing, energy transfer, and topology
Symmetry in optics and photonics: a group theory approach
Group theory (GT) provides a rigorous framework for studying symmetries in
various disciplines in physics ranging from quantum field theories and the
standard model to fluid mechanics and chaos theory. To date, the application of
such a powerful tool in optical physics remains limited. Over the past few
years however, several quantum-inspired symmetry principles (such as
parity-time invariance and supersymmetry) have been introduced in optics and
photonics for the first time. Despite the intense activities in these new
research directions, only few works utilized the power of group theory.
Motivated by this status quo, here we present a brief overview of the
application of GT in optics, deliberately choosing examples that illustrate the
power of this tool in both continuous and discrete setups. We hope that this
review will stimulate further research that exploits the full potential of GT
for investigating various symmetry paradigms in optics, eventually leading to
new photonic devices.Comment: 20 page, 5 figure