Responding to Climate Change: The Economy and Economics - Part of the Problem and Solution

The Climate Change Starter’s Guide provides an introduction and overview for education planners and practitioners on the wide range of issues relating to climate change and climate change education, including causes, impacts, mitigation and adaptation strategies, as well as some broad political and economic principles. The aim of this guide is to serve as a starting point for mainstreaming climate change education into school curricula. It has been created to enable education planners and practitioners to understand the issues at hand, to review and analyse their relevance to particular national and local contexts, and to facilitate the development of education policies, curricula, programmes and lesson plans. The guide covers four major thematic areas: 1. the science of climate change, which explains the causes and observed changes; 2. the social and human aspects of climate change including gender, health, migration, poverty and ethics; 3. policy responses to climate change including measures for mitigation and adaptation; and 4. education approaches including education for sustainable development, disaster reduction and sustainable lifestyles. A selection of key resources in the form of publication titles or websites for further reading is provided after each of the thematic sections

Open Working Group Proposal for Sustainable Development Goals

The outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, entitled "The future we want", inter alia, set out a mandate to establish an open working group to develop a set of sustainable development goals for consideration and appropriate action by the General Assembly at its sixty-eighth session. It also provided the basis for their conceptualization. The document gave the mandate that the sustainable development goals should be coherent with and integrated into the United Nations development agenda beyond 2015

Link-level resilience analysis for real-world networks using crowd-sourced data

A number of recent disasters have challenged the functionality of transport networks. The significance of road transport infrastructure to the functioning means that systems need to be able to operate under undesirable conditions, and quickly return to acceptable levels of service. The objective of the study is to analyze real-world networks speed fluctuation and evaluate the quantitative relationship between resilience and graph-based metrics, and link attributes using crowd-sourced data. We measure resilience in terms of the rate (vehicle speed) at which the road network recovers from a disruptive event and define five metrics to quantify network resilience. We analyze more than 500 links affected by disruptions in multiple cities with more than millions of crowd-sourced data. Using changes in link speed before, during, and after the disruption, the resilience metrics are applied to three case studies that are categorized as no-notice disruption, notice disruption, and disruption caused by continuous events. The results indicate that link graph-based metrics and attributes have a high impact on network resilience. However, the relevance of different metrics and attributes to the link resilience is different. Population density, predictability of disasters, and human factors have a significant impact on the reduction and recovery phases

Review Paper on Search and Rescue Robot for Victims of Earthquake and Natural Calamities

A rescue robot is a robot that has been designed for the purpose of aiding in most rescue workforces. In most of common circumstances that skill rescue robots are mining fortunes, urban ruins, imprisoned situations, and blasts. Rescue robots were used in the search for victims and survivors after the September 11 occurrences in New York city. The reimbursement of rescue robots to these operations include reduced personnel rations, reduced fatigue, and access to otherwise unapproachable areas.The Robotic search and rescue is valuable since robots may be deployed in dangerous environments without putting human responders at peril conditions. This project is a prototypical which is extensively used for military applications.PIR sensor is used to detect human. A Passive Infra Red sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic device which measures infrared light radiating from objects in its field of interpretation. Seeming motion is detected when an infrared source with one temperature, such as a human, passes in noticeable of an infrared source with another temperature, it detects. It acts as a motion finder. This robot uses RF technology controlled by RF remote controller. This can be enthused forward and reverse direction using geared motors of 60RPM. Also this robot can gross high-pitched turns towards left and right directions. This project uses ARM7 MCU as its controller. Also a wireless camera with voice is rim to the kit. We are exhausting the GPS module for exact location tracker of robot when human body is detected. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.16045

Report of the Open Working Group of the General Assembly on Sustainable Development Goals

This report is an integrated and coordinated implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic, social and related fields

Evacuation planning in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand: a spatio-temporal approach for emergency management and transportation network decisions

Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand (pop. 1.5 million) and is situated atop an active monogenetic volcanic field. When volcanic activity next occurs, the most effective means of protecting the people who reside and work in the region will be to evacuate the danger zone prior to the eruption. This study investigates the evacuation demand throughout the Auckland Volcanic Field and the capacity of the transportation network to fulfil such a demand. Diurnal movements of the population are assessed and, due to the seemingly random pattern of eruptions in the past, a non-specific approach is adopted to determine spatial vulnerabilities at a micro-scale (neighbourhoods). We achieve this through the calculation of population-, household- and car-to-exit capacity ratios. Following an analysis of transportation hub functionality and the susceptibility of motorway bridges to a new eruption, modelling using dynamic route and traffic assignment was undertaken to determine various evacuation attributes at a macro-scale and forecast total network clearance times. Evacuation demand was found to be highly correlated to diurnal population movements and neighbourhood boundary types, a trend that was also evident in the evacuation capacity ratio results. Elevated population to evacuation capacity ratios occur during the day in and around the central city, and at night in many of the outlying suburbs. Low-mobility populations generally have better than average access to public transportation. Macro-scale vulnerability was far more contingent upon the destination of evacuees, with favourable results for evacuation within the region as opposed to outside the region. Clearance times for intra-regional evacuation ranged from one to nine hours, whereas those for inter-regional evacuation were found to be so high, that the results were unrealistic. Therefore, we conclude that, from a mobility standpoint, there is considerable merit to intra-regional evacuation