Fairness in the Mail and Opportunism in the Internet - A Newspaper Experiment on Ultimatum Bargaining

On 11 May 2001, readers of the Berliner Zeitung were invited to participate in an ultimatum bargaining experiment played in the strategy vector mode: each participant chooses not only how much (s)he demands of the DM1,000 pie but also which of the nine possible offers of DM100, 200,..., 900 (s)he would accept or reject. In addition, participants were asked to predict the most frequent type of behavior. Three randomly selected proposer-responder pairs were rewarded according to the rules of ultimatum bargaining and three randomly chosen participants of those who predicted the most frequent type of behavior received a prize of DM500. Decisions could be submitted by mail, fax or via the internet. Behavior is described, statistically analyzed and compared to the usual laboratory ultimatum bargaining results.Ultimatum bargaining, newspaper experiment, internet experiment, fairness, distribution conflicts

Podcasts na promoção e divulgação de políticas sociais

Os podcasts têm-se tornado num dos recursos mais populares da Web 2.0 devido às suas enormes potencialidades. Actualmente é possível encontrar podcasts sobre vastíssimos temas e com imensos fins. Nesta comunicação descrevemos os podcast áudio e os screencasts criados pelos alunos no domínio das políticas sociais no âmbito da unidade curricular de Sociedade de Informação em Políticas Sociais da 1.ª edição da pós-graduação em Gestão Pública em Políticas Sociais leccionada no primeiro semestre do ano lectivo 2010/2011 na Escola Superior de Gestão do Instituto Politécnico de Tomar. Esta comunicação apresenta também a reacção dos alunos à formação recebida, à utilização das ferramentas Audacity e Jing e ao uso dos podcasts na sua actividade profissional. Os resultados indicam que os alunos aceitaram bem esta tecnologia, considerando a formação recebida adequada e as ferramentas relativamente fáceis de utilizar. A maioria perspectiva utilizar podcasts na sua actividade profissional, nomeadamente, podcasts áudio e screencasts.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

First data on obsidian provenance at a formative site in Santa Rosa de los Pastos Grandes, Puna of Salta, Argentina

Los estudios de procedencia de materias primas permiten de algún modo orientar las investigaciones sobre interacciones sociales. Las obsidianas constituyen una materia prima ideal ya que, desde el punto de vista de su composición química, cada fuente es altamente homogénea internamente, pero significativamen­te distintas entre ellas; y aunque los artefactos confeccionados en obsidianas tengan una amplia dispersión, las fuentes están acotadas geográficamente. Este trabajo pretende ser un aporte a la información sobre las dinámicas respecto a las esferas de interacción en la Puna argentina en momentos de producción inicial de alimentos (ca. 2500- 1500 AP). En primera instancia, se presentan los resultados del análisis por XRF sobre las obsidianas provenientes de excavaciones arqueológicas de Quebrada Alta en Santa Rosa de los Pastos Grandes, en la Puna de Salta. Luego se caracterizan y discuten los contextos de hallazgo.Analysis of raw material sources may guide research of social interaction. Obsidians constitute a good material since they are internally highly homogeneous in its chemical composition, while meaningfully different between sources, and though obsidian artifacts may have a wide scattered pattern, sources are geographically constrained. This paper is a contribution to the understanding of the interaction networks and their dynamics in the Puna of Argentina during early Formative period (ca. 2500- 1500 BP). We first present the results of XRF analysis carried on obsidian artifacts from Quebrada Alta in Santa Rosa de los Pastos Grandes, in Salta province’s Puna. Then we discuss this evidence within the frame of social interaction networks

First data on obsidian provenance at a Formative site in santa rosa de los pastos Grandes, puna oF salta, arGentina

Los estudios de procedencia de materias primas permiten de algún modo orientar las investigaciones sobre interacciones sociales. Las obsidianas constituyen una materia prima ideal ya que, desde el punto de vista de su composición química, cada fuente es altamente homogénea internamente, pero significativamen­te distintas entre ellas; y aunque los artefactos confeccionados en obsidianas tengan una amplia dispersión, las fuentes están acotadas geográficamente. Este trabajo pretende ser un aporte a la información sobre las dinámicas respecto a las esferas de interacción en la Puna argentina en momentos de producción inicial de alimentos (ca. 2500- 1500 AP). En primera instancia, se presentan los resultados del análisis por XRF sobre las obsidianas provenientes de excavaciones arqueológicas de Quebrada Alta en Santa Rosa de los Pastos Grandes, en la Puna de Salta. Luego se caracterizan y discuten los contextos de hallazgo.Analysis of raw material sources may guide research of social interaction. Obsidians constitute a good material since they are internally highly homogeneous in its chemical composition, while meaningfully different between sources, and though obsidian artifacts may have a wide scattered pattern, sources are geographically constrained. This paper is a contribution to the understanding of the interaction networks and their dynamics in the Puna of Argentina during early Formative period (ca. 2500- 1500 BP). We first present the results of XRF analysis carried on obsidian artifacts from Quebrada Alta in Santa Rosa de los Pastos Grandes, in Salta province’s Puna. Then we discuss this evidence within the frame of social interaction networks.Fil: Mercuri, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Arqueología; ArgentinaFil: Glascock, Michael D.. University of Missouri; Estados Unido

Comparative qualitative research in cultural psychology: challenges and potentials

"The present paper aims to provide an approach that allows to study the interplay of culture and psychological human functioning in comparative study designs. Starting out with a brief overview of how qualitative, cultural, and comparative research is addressed in the field of psychology we will take a Cultural Psychology approach to suggest that the unit of analysis for comparative research needs to be situated social interaction. We will then suggest an integrative approach that allows us to study social interaction both on a microand on a macro-level by combining discourse analysis of situated social interaction with ethnographic procedures that address the sociocultural embeddedness of these interactional practices. We illustrate this approach by examining analyses drawn on a comparative study program conducted on middle class families in Los Angeles and Rome. Finally, we will discuss some criteria of validity that particularly apply to the field of comparative research in Cultural Psychology." (author's abstract)"Dieser Beitrag stellt ein methodisches Vorgehen vor, das auf die Untersuchung des Zusammenspiels von Kultur und menschlicher Psyche in einem komparativen Design abzielt. Wir geben zunächst einem kurzen Überblick darüber, wie Qualitative Forschung, Kultur und hier insbesondere vergleichende Studien in der Psychologie diskutiert werden und argumentieren, dass eine vergleichende kulturpsychologische Forschung möglich ist, wenn die zu untersuchende Forschungseinheit soziale Interaktion darstellt. Wir werden dann wir für einen integrativen Ansatz plädieren, der es erlaubt, soziale Interaktion sowohl mikro- als auch makroanalytisch zu untersuchen, indem eine diskursanalytische Analyse situierter sozialer Interaktion mit ethnographischen Verfahren kombiniert wird, die es erlauben, deren soziokulturelle Einbettung systematisch in die Analyse miteinzubeziehen. Um einen solchen Ansatz zu veranschaulichen, stellen wir beispielhaft eine komparative Studie mit Mittelschichtsfamilien in Rom und Los Angeles vor. Abschließend werden Gütekriterien, die spezifisch in der vergleichenden Kulturpsychologie von Relevanz sind." (Autorenreferat

Its Reevaluation and Improvement As Related To A Profile Analysis Classification System

Over the first half of the present study the Mini-Mult (MM1), a brief form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), was compared with the standard MMPI in relation to eleven criteria classifications. These criteria were composed of the profile analysis classifications of Marks and Seeman (1963). Pearson product-moment correlations between the MM1 and MMPI failed to reach statistical significance for any of the eleven criteria. As based on the information gained, a correction factor was devised and added to the MM1. Subsequently, the second half of the study involved a comparison between the HMPI and the revised MM. This revised test was termed the MM2. In only two of eleven criteria cases did the correlation between the MM2 and MMPI reach statistical significance. However, for nine of the eleven criteria the MM2 did obtain a higher positive correlation with the MMPI than did the MM1. Such results indicate that the proposed correction factor is a step in the right direction and deserving of continued investigation. Although the MM2 as it presently stands cannot be validy substituted for the MMPI, continued research in the area of modifying its correction factor can yield it a useful clinical tool

Virtual Worlds: Social Interactions Among Online Gamers Through Voice Chat

Online gaming scholarship has rarely focused on the micro sociological aspects of virtual worlds as much of the research on online games is undertaken by psychologists and scholars in other fields. When a sociological lens is employed in analyzing social interactions that occur in virtual worlds, new understandings of social phenomena in virtual worlds can come to light. My research draws upon multiple sociological theories to make sense of data collect via in-depth interviews and participant observations in an attempt to understand how voice chat influences relationship formation and maintenance, gender relations among online gamers, and how online gamers use the label noob to regulate gamer masculinity in virtual worlds. Findings indicate the voice chat has a both a positive and negative impact on the social interactions of online gamers

A multimodal conversation analytic study of word-searches in L2 interaction

PhD ThesisStudies on face-to-face interactions have demonstrated how spoken language involves not only verbal but also a mutual collaboration with embodied actions. Embodied actions, such as gaze, gestures, body posture and physical movement are part and parcel of the details of ordered social interaction, and they can be significant resources in interaction (Hazel et al., 2014). This study has investigated the embodied actions displayed in word search phenomenon in L2 interaction. Word search is regarded as a type of self-initiation repair in which the progressivity of the speaker’s turn is momentarily ceased due to an item (i.e. word) is not available to the speaker when due (Schegloff et al., 1977). The context of the study is a non-educational context (Firth and Wagner, 1997; Firth and Wagner, 2007; Gardner and Wagner, 2004) where casual conversation among international university students having dinner at a cafe is recorded. Furthermore, the study is a multiactivity setting in which multiparty participants are engaged in talking, eating and drinking. The L2 speakers are from different countries, and most of them have a different first language background. This study examines conversations between L2-L2 speakers communicating in English as it is the most common language that international students resort to when speaking with someone who has a different language background. Using multimodal Conversation Analysis (CA), this study aims to explore how participants with different language proficiency exploit embodied actions as resources in word search sequences. The analyses start with investigating how participants get into a word search and then moves to enquiring how participants use embodied actions for constructing a joint solution. The final analysis focuses on how embodied actions are used as a resource to resolve a word search when the targeted word is not attained. The findings from the investigation suggest that there is a relationship between talk and embodied actions in word search sequences among L2-L2 speakers. Based on the findings, six salient themes will be discussed; (1) the interactional phenomenon of a ‘word search’, (2) resources that are recognised as opportunities for co-participation, (3) joint solutions by non-speaking participants, (4) meaning-making through embodied interaction, (5) achieving mutual understanding through embodied negotiation, and ii (6) language use or learning in the wild. Overall, this study advocates the need for an in-depth exploration of multimodal resources in word search sequences, which can have significant implications to understand that language use is fundamentally multimodal (Seyfeddinipur and Gullberg, 2014).Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysi