Cation disorder dominates the defect chemistry of high-voltage LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) spinel cathodes

High-voltage spinel LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) can exist in a Mn/Ni ordered P4332 or disordered Fd[3 with combining macron]m arrangement with a majority of literature studies reporting improved electrochemical performance for the disordered phase. Through modifying synthesis conditions, the Mn/Ni ordering can be tuned, however oxygen and Mn3+ stoichiometries are also affected, making it difficult to decouple these responses and optimise performance. Here, we investigate all intrinsic defects in P4332 LMNO under various growth conditions, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We find that the majority of defects are deep and associated with small polarons (Mn3+, Mn2+ and Ni3+) formation. The tendency for cation disorder can be explained by the low formation energy of the antisite defects and their stoichiometric complexes. The intrinsic Fermi level of LMNO varies from moderately n-type under oxygen-poor conditions to weakly p-type under oxygen-rich conditions. Our work explains experimental observations (e.g. the Mn/Ni disorder) and provides guidelines for defect-controlled synthesis

Electrical properties of oxide glasses containing iron and manganese

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Synthesis and Characterization of Tetravalent Cation Substituted Mn-Zn Ferrite Suitable for High Frequency Applications

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Studies on pre- and post effect of rapid thermal quenching on magnetic and transport properties of copper-ferri-aluminates

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Energy conversion & storage program. 1994 annual report

The Energy Conversion and Storage Program investigates state-of-the-art electrochemistry, chemistry, and materials science technologies for: (1) development of high-performance rechargeable batteries and fuel cells; (2) development of high-efficiency thermochemical processes for energy conversion; (3) characterization of complex chemical processes and chemical species; (4) study and application of novel materials for energy conversion and transmission. Research projects focus on transport process principles, chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, separation processes, organic and physical chemistry, novel materials, and advanced methods of analysis

Pushing the boundaries of lithium battery research with atomistic modelling on different scales

Computational modelling is a vital tool in the research of batteries and their component materials. Atomistic models are key to building truly physics-based models of batteries and form the foundation of the multiscale modelling chain, leading to more robust and predictive models. These models can be applied to fundamental research questions with high predictive accuracy. For example, they can be used to predict new behaviour not currently accessible by experiment, for reasons of cost, safety, or throughput. Atomistic models are useful for quantifying and evaluating trends in experimental data, explaining structure-property relationships, and informing materials design strategies and libraries. In this review, we showcase the most prominent atomistic modelling methods and their application to electrode materials, liquid and solid electrolyte materials, and their interfaces, highlighting the diverse range of battery properties that can be investigated. Furthermore, we link atomistic modelling to experimental data and higher scale models such as continuum and control models. We also provide a critical discussion on the outlook of these materials and the main challenges for future battery research