5,034 research outputs found
Learning to Find Proofs and Theorems by Learning to Refine Search Strategies: The Case of Loop Invariant Synthesis
We propose a new approach to automated theorem proving where an
AlphaZero-style agent is self-training to refine a generic high-level expert
strategy expressed as a nondeterministic program. An analogous teacher agent is
self-training to generate tasks of suitable relevance and difficulty for the
learner. This allows leveraging minimal amounts of domain knowledge to tackle
problems for which training data is unavailable or hard to synthesize. As a
specific illustration, we consider loop invariant synthesis for imperative
programs and use neural networks to refine both the teacher and solver
strategies
Language-based Abstractions for Dynamical Systems
Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are the primary means to modelling
dynamical systems in many natural and engineering sciences. The number of
equations required to describe a system with high heterogeneity limits our
capability of effectively performing analyses. This has motivated a large body
of research, across many disciplines, into abstraction techniques that provide
smaller ODE systems while preserving the original dynamics in some appropriate
sense. In this paper we give an overview of a recently proposed
computer-science perspective to this problem, where ODE reduction is recast to
finding an appropriate equivalence relation over ODE variables, akin to
classical models of computation based on labelled transition systems.Comment: In Proceedings QAPL 2017, arXiv:1707.0366
Statistical Theory of Parity Nonconservation in Compound Nuclei
We present the first application of statistical spectroscopy to study the
root-mean-square value of the parity nonconserving (PNC) interaction matrix
element M determined experimentally by scattering longitudinally polarized
neutrons from compound nuclei. Our effective PNC interaction consists of a
standard two-body meson-exchange piece and a doorway term to account for
spin-flip excitations. Strength functions are calculated using realistic
single-particle energies and a residual strong interaction adjusted to fit the
experimental density of states for the targets, ^{238} U for A\sim 230 and
^{104,105,106,108} Pd for A\sim 100. Using the standard Desplanques, Donoghue,
and Holstein estimates of the weak PNC meson-nucleon coupling constants, we
find that M is about a factor of 3 smaller than the experimental value for
^{238} U and about a factor of 1.7 smaller for Pd. The significance of this
result for refining the empirical determination of the weak coupling constants
is discussed.Comment: Latex file, no Fig
Conformal Gravity: Dark Matter and Dark Energy
This short review examines recent progress in understanding dark matter, dark
energy, and galactic halos using theory that departs minimally from standard
particle physics and cosmology. Strict conformal symmetry (local Weyl scaling
covariance), postulated for all elementary massless fields, retains standard
fermion and gauge boson theory but modifies Einstein-Hilbert general relativity
and the Higgs scalar field model, with no new physical fields. Subgalactic
phenomenology is retained. Without invoking dark matter, conformal gravity and
a conformal Higgs model fit empirical data on galactic rotational velocities,
galactic halos, and Hubble expansion including dark energy.Comment: 9 pp in revtex format. References added with minor text revision
Solving the 3D Ising Model with the Conformal Bootstrap
We study the constraints of crossing symmetry and unitarity in general 3D
Conformal Field Theories. In doing so we derive new results for conformal
blocks appearing in four-point functions of scalars and present an efficient
method for their computation in arbitrary space-time dimension. Comparing the
resulting bounds on operator dimensions and OPE coefficients in 3D to known
results, we find that the 3D Ising model lies at a corner point on the boundary
of the allowed parameter space. We also derive general upper bounds on the
dimensions of higher spin operators, relevant in the context of theories with
weakly broken higher spin symmetries.Comment: 32 pages, 11 figures; v2: refs added, small changes in Section 5.3,
Fig. 7 replaced; v3: ref added, fits redone in Section 5.
- …