32,738 research outputs found
Online behaviour of luxury brand advocates: differences between active advocates and passive loyalists
The study aims to identify online behaviours of luxury brand advocates referring to differentiation between active and passive loyalists. A netnographic approach was used to observe groups of luxury handbag advocates. Key findings include an identification of engagement manifested in positive word of mouth and enthusiastic brand recommendation. Advocates routinely share their love of particular brands, openly expressing joy and sharing heightened levels of self-esteem. Engaged passive loyalists tend to share less with peers, but instead celebrate their purchases more personally
Finding co-solvers on Twitter, with a little help from Linked Data
In this paper we propose a method for suggesting potential collaborators for solving innovation challenges online, based on their competence, similarity of interests and social proximity with the user. We rely on Linked Data to derive a measure of semantic relatedness that we use to enrich both user profiles and innovation problems with additional relevant topics, thereby improving the performance of co-solver recommendation. We evaluate this approach against state of the art methods for query enrichment based on the distribution of topics in user profiles, and demonstrate its usefulness in recommending collaborators that are both complementary in competence and compatible with the user. Our experiments are grounded using data from the social networking service Twitter.com
Bots, Seeds and People: Web Archives as Infrastructure
The field of web archiving provides a unique mix of human and automated
agents collaborating to achieve the preservation of the web. Centuries old
theories of archival appraisal are being transplanted into the sociotechnical
environment of the World Wide Web with varying degrees of success. The work of
the archivist and bots in contact with the material of the web present a
distinctive and understudied CSCW shaped problem. To investigate this space we
conducted semi-structured interviews with archivists and technologists who were
directly involved in the selection of content from the web for archives. These
semi-structured interviews identified thematic areas that inform the appraisal
process in web archives, some of which are encoded in heuristics and
algorithms. Making the infrastructure of web archives legible to the archivist,
the automated agents and the future researcher is presented as a challenge to
the CSCW and archival community
Fair Use and the Fairer Sex: Gender, Feminism, and Copyright Law
Copyright laws are written and enforced to help certain groups of people assert and retain control over the resources generated by creative productivity. Because those people are predominantly male, the copyright infrastructure plays a role, largely unexamined by legal scholars, in helping to sustain the material and economic inequality between women and men. This essay considers some of the ways in which gender issues and copyright laws intersect, proposes a feminist critique of the copyright legal regime which advocates low levels of copyright protections, and asserts the importance of considering the social and economic disparities between women and men when evaluating the impacts and performance of intellectual property laws
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Shortcomings of learning design approaches and a possible way out
Shifting away from traditional instructional design to younger research streams like personalized, workflow-based or collaborative e-learning, learning design (LD) has become an important issue in the field of technology-enhanced learning. Nevertheless, current LD approaches turn out to be rather unhandy or costly in teaching and research practice. In this paper, we discuss these shortcomings and propose an alternative solution approach which is based on a web application mashup, learner interactions, and a semantic layer for tool recommendations. As the evaluation of our first prototype is in progress, we can not highlight first experiences, but outline benefits and possible application scenarios in this position paper
The Reconstruction of American Journalism
Explores the history and changing landscape of American journalism as well as the need to preserve independent, original, and credible print news reporting. Considers the roles of the Internet, collaborations among newspapers, and foundation support
More than Just Collateral Damage: Pet Shootings by Police
The Department of Justice estimates that American police officers shoot 10,000 pet dogs in the line of duty each year. It is impossible to ascertain a reliable number, however, because most law enforcement agencies do not maintain accurate records of animal killings. The tally may be substantially higher, and some suggest it could reach six figures. Deferring to officers’ judgment when they reasonably fear for human safety is sound policy because they regularly must make split-second, life-or-death decisions in highly stressful situations; but many pet shootings occur when officers mistake the behavior of a friendly, curious dog for aggression. Further, some animals have been deliberately shot and killed under questionable circumstances, including through doors or while tied, running away, or hiding. Studies show that some officers shoot pets unnecessarily, recklessly, or in retaliation, and that subsequent civilian complaints are investigated inadequately. Moreover, not every animal that police officers shoot is a large dog that may be more likely to pose a genuine risk to human safety—or even a dog at all. Police claiming a threat to human safety have shot puppies, Chihuahuas, Miniature Dachshunds, and domestic cats, among other pets. In some tragic cases, bullets missed their nonhuman targets and injured or even killed human bystanders instead. Pet shootings can seriously damage public relations for law enforcement agencies, especially during an era when the news seems to be saturated with stories concerning police using excessive force against unarmed civilians. The American Civil Liberties Union even classifies pet shootings as one symptom of the increased militarization of American police forces. Additionally, lawsuits brought by bereaved owners can cost agencies and taxpayers hundreds of thousands of dollars. This Article explores these and other related issues, and presents simple solutions to help reduce the number of companion animal shootings by police in the United States
Language design for a personal learning environment design language
Approaching technology-enhanced learning from the perspective of a learner, we foster the idea of learning environment design, learner interactions, and tool interoperability. In this paper, we shortly summarize the motivation for our personal learning environment approach and describe the development of a domain-specific language for this purpose as well as its realization in practice. Consequently, we examine our learning environment design language according to its lexis and syntax, the semantics behind it, and pragmatical aspects within a first prototypic implementation. Finally, we discuss strengths, problematic aspects, and open issues of our approach
Loud and Trendy: Crowdsourcing Impressions of Social Ambiance in Popular Indoor Urban Places
New research cutting across architecture, urban studies, and psychology is
contextualizing the understanding of urban spaces according to the perceptions
of their inhabitants. One fundamental construct that relates place and
experience is ambiance, which is defined as "the mood or feeling associated
with a particular place". We posit that the systematic study of ambiance
dimensions in cities is a new domain for which multimedia research can make
pivotal contributions. We present a study to examine how images collected from
social media can be used for the crowdsourced characterization of indoor
ambiance impressions in popular urban places. We design a crowdsourcing
framework to understand suitability of social images as data source to convey
place ambiance, to examine what type of images are most suitable to describe
ambiance, and to assess how people perceive places socially from the
perspective of ambiance along 13 dimensions. Our study is based on 50,000
Foursquare images collected from 300 popular places across six cities
worldwide. The results show that reliable estimates of ambiance can be obtained
for several of the dimensions. Furthermore, we found that most aggregate
impressions of ambiance are similar across popular places in all studied
cities. We conclude by presenting a multidisciplinary research agenda for
future research in this domain
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Improving tag recommendation using social networks
In this paper we address the task of recommending additional tags to partially annotated media objects, in our case images. We propose an extendable framework that can recommend tags using a combination of different personalised and collective contexts. We combine information from four contexts: (1) all the photos in the system, (2) a user's own photos, (3) the photos of a user's social contacts, and (4) the photos posted in the groups of which a user is a member. Variants of methods (1) and (2) have been proposed in previous work, but the use of (3) and (4) is novel.
For each of the contexts we use the same probabilistic model and Borda Count based aggregation approach to generate recommendations from different contexts into a unified ranking of recommended tags. We evaluate our system using a large set of real-world data from Flickr. We show that by using personalised contexts we can significantly improve tag recommendation compared to using collective knowledge alone. We also analyse our experimental results to explore the capabilities of our system with respect to a user's social behaviour
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