Rainbow Hamiltonicity and the spectral radius

Let $\mathcal{G}=\{G_1,\ldots,G_n \}$ be a family of graphs of order $n$ with the same vertex set. A rainbow Hamiltonian cycle in $\mathcal{G}$ is a cycle that visits each vertex precisely once such that any two edges belong to different graphs of $\mathcal{G}$. We obtain a rainbow version of Ore's size condition of Hamiltonicity, and pose a related problem. Towards a solution of that problem, we give a sufficient condition for the existence of a rainbow Hamiltonian cycle in terms of the spectral radii of the graphs in $\mathcal{G}$ and completely characterize the corresponding extremal graphs

Bounds for the collapsibility number of a simplicial complex and non-cover complexes of hypergraphs

The collapsibility number of simplicial complexes was introduced by Wegner in order to understand the intersection patterns of convex sets. This number also plays an important role in a variety of Helly type results. There are only a few upper bounds for the collapsibility number of complexes available in literature. In general, it is difficult to establish such non-trivial upper bounds. In this article, we construct a sequence of upper bounds $\theta_k(X)$ for the collapsibility number of a simplicial complex $X$. We also show that the bound given by $\theta_k$ is tight if the underlying complex is $k$-vertex decomposable. We then give an upper bound for $\theta_k$ and therefore for the collapsibility number of the non-cover complex of a hypergraph in terms of its covering number

Cooperative conditions for the existence of rainbow matchings

Let $k>1$, and let $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of $2n+k-3$ non-empty sets of edges in a bipartite graph. If the union of every $k$ members of $\mathcal{F}$ contains a matching of size $n$, then there exists an $\mathcal{F}$-rainbow matching of size $n$. Upon replacing $2n+k-3$ by $2n+k-2$, the result can be proved both topologically and by a relatively simple combinatorial argument. The main effort is in gaining the last $1$, which makes the result sharp

A system of disjoint representatives of line segments with given kk directions

We prove that for all positive integers $n$ and $k$, there exists an integer $N = N(n,k)$ satisfying the following. If $U$ is a set of $k$ direction vectors in the plane and $\mathcal{J}_U$ is the set of all line segments in direction $u$ for some $u\in U$, then for every $N$ families $\mathcal{F}_1, \ldots, \mathcal{F}_N$, each consisting of $n$ mutually disjoint segments in $\mathcal{J}_U$, there is a set $\{A_1, \ldots, A_n\}$ of $n$ disjoint segments in $\bigcup_{1\leq i\leq N}\mathcal{F}_i$ and distinct integers $p_1, \ldots, p_n\in \{1, \ldots, N\}$ satisfying that $A_j\in \mathcal{F}_{p_j}$ for all $j\in \{1, \ldots, n\}$. We generalize this property for underlying lines on fixed $k$ directions to $k$ families of simple curves with certain conditions

Badges and rainbow matchings

Drisko proved that $2n-1$ matchings of size $n$ in a bipartite graph have a rainbow matching of size $n$. For general graphs it is conjectured that $2n$ matchings suffice for this purpose (and that $2n-1$ matchings suffice when $n$ is even). The known graphs showing sharpness of this conjecture for $n$ even are called badges. We improve the previously best known bound from $3n-2$ to $3n-3$, using a new line of proof that involves analysis of the appearance of badges. We also prove a "cooperative" generalization: for $t>0$ and $n \geq 3$, any $3n-4+t$ sets of edges, the union of every $t$ of which contains a matching of size $n$, have a rainbow matching of size $n$.Comment: Accepted for publication in Discrete Mathematics. 19 pages, 2 figure

Optimal Bounds for the Colorful Fractional Helly Theorem

The well known fractional Helly theorem and colorful Helly theorem can be merged into the so called colorful fractional Helly theorem. It states: For every $\alpha \in (0, 1]$ and every non-negative integer $d$, there is $\beta_{col} = \beta_{col}(\alpha, d) \in (0, 1]$ with the following property. Let $\mathcal{F}_1, \dots, \mathcal{F}_{d+1}$ be finite nonempty families of convex sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$ of sizes $n_1, \dots, n_{d+1}$ respectively. If at least $\alpha n_1 n_2 \cdots n_{d+1}$ of the colorful $(d+1)$-tuples have a nonempty intersection, then there is $i \in [d+1]$ such that $\mathcal{F}_i$ contains a subfamily of size at least $\beta_{col} n_i$ with a nonempty intersection. (A colorful $(d+1)$-tuple is a $(d+1)$-tuple $(F_1, \dots , F_{d+1})$ such that $F_i$ belongs to $\mathcal{F}_i$ for every $i$.) The colorful fractional Helly theorem was first stated and proved by B\'ar\'any, Fodor, Montejano, Oliveros, and P\'or in 2014 with $\beta_{col} = \alpha/(d+1)$. In 2017 Kim proved the theorem with better function $\beta_{col}$, which in particular tends to $1$ when $\alpha$ tends to $1$. Kim also conjectured what is the optimal bound for $\beta_{col}(\alpha, d)$ and provided the upper bound example for the optimal bound. The conjectured bound coincides with the optimal bounds for the (non-colorful) fractional Helly theorem proved independently by Eckhoff and Kalai around 1984. We verify Kim's conjecture by extending Kalai's approach to the colorful scenario. Moreover, we obtain optimal bounds also in more general setting when we allow several sets of the same color.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure. The main technical result is extended to c colors, where c is a positive integer, in contrast to the previous version where we only allowed (d+1) colors. We added the acknowledgment