812 research outputs found
Minimizing the Age of Information in Wireless Networks with Stochastic Arrivals
We consider a wireless network with a base station serving multiple traffic
streams to different destinations. Packets from each stream arrive to the base
station according to a stochastic process and are enqueued in a separate (per
stream) queue. The queueing discipline controls which packet within each queue
is available for transmission. The base station decides, at every time t, which
stream to serve to the corresponding destination. The goal of scheduling
decisions is to keep the information at the destinations fresh. Information
freshness is captured by the Age of Information (AoI) metric.
In this paper, we derive a lower bound on the AoI performance achievable by
any given network operating under any queueing discipline. Then, we consider
three common queueing disciplines and develop both an Optimal Stationary
Randomized policy and a Max-Weight policy under each discipline. Our approach
allows us to evaluate the combined impact of the stochastic arrivals, queueing
discipline and scheduling policy on AoI. We evaluate the AoI performance both
analytically and using simulations. Numerical results show that the performance
of the Max-Weight policy is close to the analytical lower bound
Practical Algorithms for Multicast Support in Input Queues Switches
Abstract â This paper deals with multicast flow support in N Ă N Input Queued switch architectures. A practical approach to support multicast traffic is presented, assuming that O(N) queues are available at each input port. The focus is on dynamic queueing policies, where, at each input port, multicast flows are assigned to one among the available queues when flows become active: flows are assigned to queues according to switch queue status and, possibly, to flow information. We discuss queueing assignments, scheduling algorithms and flow activity definition models. We explain why dynamic queueing disciplines may outperform static policies, and we show that, even in the most favorable conditions for static policies, they provide comparable performance. I
When Backpressure Meets Predictive Scheduling
Motivated by the increasing popularity of learning and predicting human user
behavior in communication and computing systems, in this paper, we investigate
the fundamental benefit of predictive scheduling, i.e., predicting and
pre-serving arrivals, in controlled queueing systems. Based on a lookahead
window prediction model, we first establish a novel equivalence between the
predictive queueing system with a \emph{fully-efficient} scheduling scheme and
an equivalent queueing system without prediction. This connection allows us to
analytically demonstrate that predictive scheduling necessarily improves system
delay performance and can drive it to zero with increasing prediction power. We
then propose the \textsf{Predictive Backpressure (PBP)} algorithm for achieving
optimal utility performance in such predictive systems. \textsf{PBP}
efficiently incorporates prediction into stochastic system control and avoids
the great complication due to the exponential state space growth in the
prediction window size. We show that \textsf{PBP} can achieve a utility
performance that is within of the optimal, for any ,
while guaranteeing that the system delay distribution is a
\emph{shifted-to-the-left} version of that under the original Backpressure
algorithm. Hence, the average packet delay under \textsf{PBP} is strictly
better than that under Backpressure, and vanishes with increasing prediction
window size. This implies that the resulting utility-delay tradeoff with
predictive scheduling beats the known optimal tradeoff for systems without prediction
Task partitioning in insect societies. II. Use of queueing delay information in recruitment
The collection and handling of colony resources such as food, water, and nest-construction material is often divided into subtasks in which the material is passed from one worker to another. This is known as task partitioning. If task; are partitioned with direct transfer of material between foragers and receivers, queueing delays can occur as individuals search or wait for a transfer partner. Changes in environmental conditions and relative number of foragers and receivers affect these delays as well as colony ergonomic efficiency. These delays are used in recruitment in both honeybees and Polybia wasps. This study investigates the distribution of queueing delays and the information content and quality of those delays using a stochastic-simulation model. Information quality increases with colony size. When the relative proportions of foragers and receivers are suboptimal, the group in excess has better information. Individuals can increase information quality of delays by two mechanisms: averaging over consecutive trips and averaging over multiple transfers within a trip where direct transfer occurs. We suggest that multiple transfer occurs in the honeybee in order to improve information quality
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Survey of switching techniques in high-speed networks and their performance
One of the most promising approaches for high speed networks for integrated service applications is fast packet switching, or ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). ATM can be characterized by very high speed transmission links and simple, hard wired protocols within a network. To match the transmission speed of the network links, and to minimize the overhead due to the processing of network protocols, the switching of cells is done in hardware switching fabrics in ATM networks.A number of designs has been proposed for implementing ATM switches. While many differences exist among the proposals, the vast majority of them is based on self-routing multi-stage interconnection networks. This is because of the desirable features of multi-stage interconnection networks such as self-routing capability and suitability for VLSI implementation.Existing ATM switch architectures can be classified into two major classes: blocking switches, where blockings of cells may occur within a switch when more than one cell contends for the same internal link, and non-blocking switches, where no internal blocking occurs. A large number of techniques has also been proposed to improve the performance of blocking and nonblocking switches. In this paper, we present an extensive survey of the existing proposals for ATM switch architectures, focusing on their performance issues
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