Public Transportation Service Evaluations Utilizing Seoul Transportation Card Data

AbstractThis study evaluated transit service performance in Seoul using data collected from the Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) system in Seoul. The distance-based fare system in Seoul allows a maximum of four transfers with no additional charges to encourage transit ridership. In order to analyze the transit transfers, this study developed quantitative indicators for public transportation evaluations differentiated from those of previous studies by the fact that it utilizes data mining techniques which incorporate massive amounts of data (over 10 million transits per day) derived from the smart card system. This study not only carried out an evaluation to improve public transportation quality but provided comparative analysis of the mobility handicapped and an evaluation of public transportation users’ regional equity. This evaluative analysis of Level of Services (LOS) for various items is expected to be adopted for analyzing LOS status and generating improvement priorities and to be utilized as an objective database for public transportation policy decisions

Madinat Al Irfane: Is Smart Mobility Feasible?

The goal of this project was to assess the feasibility of incorporating smart technologies into the current transportation systems within Madinat Al Irfane in Rabat, Morocco. Our team worked in collaboration with Dean Essaidi, of l\u27Ecole Nationale Supérieure d\u27Informatique et d\u27Analyse des Systèmes (ENSIAS) to accomplish this goal. Through research, site assessments, surveys, and interviews, our team gauged the publics discontent with the current bus service. After completing our assessment of the existing transportation systems in Madinat Al Irfane, we concluded it is not feasible to implement smart mobility initiatives. In hopes to alleviate prevalent issues the team found in the transit systems, we developed a preliminary design review for a sensor based tracking system for the buses

Changes in Transit Use and Service and Associated Changes in Driving Near a New Light Rail Transit Line, MTI Report 12-44

Los Angeles is pursuing possibly the most ambitious rail transit investment program in the nation with plans to open six new rail transit lines between now and 2019. The report provides policy makes and planners a better understanding of the potential impacts of Los Angeles Metro’s rail transit investment program by assessing the changes in transit use of nearby residents and nearby bus service associated with the Expo Line, the first of the six new lines. Our findings indicate that changes in bus service that are coincident with the introduction of new light rail transit can negatively affect the overall transit ridership in the corridor. In addition, we find that households living near new Expo Line light rail stations reduced their vehicle miles traveled (VMT), but those households living near bus stops that were eliminated as part of the service change increased their VMT

SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT: THE ISSUE OF EQUITY IN THE EMERGING BRIC COUNTRIES

Although sustainable frameworks for transportation have been widely discussed in the transportation planning field in recent decades, the issue of equity in transportation systems is still relatively unexplored in comparison to the other pillars of sustainability. Globally, the concept of equity gains different nuances in developed and developing countries, and have yet new implications when considering fast emerging nations. The objective of this paper is to investigate how transit policies in fast emerging economies are used to distribute equitable access to benefits and opportunities; and to derive lessons that can orient future cohorts of emerging cities and countries to use transit as means to provide equitable improvements in accessibility. Brazil, Russia, India and China (the BRIC countries) have been treated as a unit since the turn of the millennium when economic analysts noticed similar patterns of extraordinary productivity and growth, and are the forerunners of a group of nations expected to become major economic actors on the global stage in a few decades. Case studies on the most populous and prominent metropolises of the BRIC countries were conducted, exploring three aspects of transit systems as they impact equity: system ownership and planning processes; mode predominance and choices; and fare structures and collection methods. Sao Paulo, Moscow, Mumbai and Shanghai were selected as case studies subjects because of their location in those fast emerging nations and because of their status as recognized global cities. This investigation revealed emerging nations are trying to equip their transit systems to deal with the pressures of growing population size and density, rising incomes, increasing rates of private automobile ownership and sprawling land use patterns. In order to cope with this new and fast changing environment, subjects sought to engage in long-range transportation planning, partnered with private entities for the provision of capital investment or operations, acted to strengthen (or implement) heavy rail as the anchor-mode, and moved towards automated fare collection methods. Lessons derived from these cities will serve to provide guidelines to equitable transit programs in fast emerging cities across the developed world that facing similar pressures, and to orient future research towards more complete economic efficiency evaluations of transit systems in emerging countries

Improving Bus Service in New York

New York City’s transportation system is in a state of disarray. City street are clogged with taxi’s and for-hire vehicles, subway platforms are packed with straphangers waiting for delayed trains and buses barely travel faster than pedestrians. The bureaucracy of City and State government in the region causes piecemeal improvements which do not keep up with the state of disrepair. Bus service is particularly poor, moving at rates incomparable with the rest of the country. New York has recently made successful efforts at improving bus speeds, but only so much can be done amidst a city of gridlock. Bus systems around the world faced similar challenges and successfully implemented improvements. A toolbox of near-immediate and long-term options are at New York’s disposal dealing directly with bus service as well indirect causes of poor bus service. The failing subway system has prompted public discussion concerning bus service. A significant cause of poor service in New York is congestion. A number of measures are capable of improving congestion and consequently, bus service. Due to the city’s limited capacity at implementing short-term solutions, the most highly problematic routes should receive priority. Routes with slow speeds, high rates of bunching and high ridership are concentrated in Manhattan and Downtown Brooklyn which also cater to the most subway riders. These areas would also benefit the greatest from congestion mitigation measures

Early Warning Systems in the Republic of Korea: Experiences, Lessons, and Future Steps

This paper examines the cases of the Early Warning System (EWS) in the Republic of Korea, which was introduced in the wake of 1997/98 Asian financial crisis in a policy effort to prevent its recurrence. The EWS in the Republic of Korea was expanded into a national system in 2005 incorporating the finance, real estate, commodities, and labor sectors. This paper provides the descriptions of each EWS sector and documents several episodes of their policy contributions. The past experiences suggest that quantitative models tend to have difficulty predicting a crisis due to the changing nature of crises. Hence, it is desirable that quantitative models are supplemented by qualitative analysis reinforcing EWSs with various methodologies. To improve economic surveillance and message delivery to guide proper policy actions, the independence of surveillance unit should be maintained and the scope of monitoring should be expanded to incorporate regions and markets other than domestic ones given the growing influences of the external sector on the domestic economy through trade and financial linkages.EWS; crisis; surveillance; monitoring; quantitative model; qualitative analysis

Revealing social dimensions of urban mobility with big data: A timely dialogue

Considered a total social phenomenon, mobility is at the center of intricate social dynamics in cities and serves as a reading lens to understand the whole society. With the advent of big data, the potential for using mobility as a key social analyzer was unleashed in the past decade. The purpose of this research is to systematically review the evolution of big data's role in revealing social dimensions of urban mobility and discuss how they have contributed to various research domains from early 2010s to now. Six major research topics are detected from the selected online academic corpuses by conducting keywords-driven topic modeling techniques, reflecting diverse research interests in networked mobilities, human dynamics in spaces, event modeling, spatial underpinnings, travel behaviors and mobility patterns, and sociodemographic heterogeneity. The six topics reveal a comprehensive, research-interests, evolution pattern, and present current trends on using big data to uncover social dimensions of human mobility activities. Given these observations, we contend that big data has two contributions to revealing social dimensions of urban mobility: as an efficiency advancement and as an equity lens. Furthermore, the possible limitations and potential opportunities of big data applications in the existing scholarship are discussed. The review is intended to serve as a timely retrospective of societal-focused mobility studies, as well as a starting point for various stakeholders to collectively contribute to a desirable future in terms of mobility

Revealing social dimensions of urban mobility with big data: A timely dialogue

Considered a total social phenomenon, mobility is at the center of intricate social dynamics in cities and serves as a reading lens to understand the whole society. With the advent of big data, the potential for using mobility as a key social analyzer was unleashed in the past decade. The purpose of this research is to systematically review the evolution of big data's role in revealing social dimensions of urban mobility and discuss how they have contributed to various research domains from early 2010s to now. Six major research topics are detected from the selected online academic corpuses by conducting keywords-driven topic modeling techniques, reflecting diverse research interests in networked mobilities, human dynamics in spaces, event modeling, spatial underpinnings, travel behaviors and mobility patterns, and sociodemographic heterogeneity. The six topics reveal a comprehensive, research-interests, evolution pattern, and present current trends on using big data to uncover social dimensions of human mobility activities. Given these observations, we contend that big data has two contributions to revealing social dimensions of urban mobility: as an efficiency advancement and as an equity lens. Furthermore, the possible limitations and potential opportunities of big data applications in the existing scholarship are discussed. The review is intended to serve as a timely retrospective of societal-focused mobility studies, as well as a starting point for various stakeholders to collectively contribute to a desirable future in terms of mobility

Using mobility data as proxy for measuring urban vitality

In this paper, we propose a computational approach to Jane Jacobs\u27 concept of diversity and vitality, analyzing new forms of spatial data to obtain quantitative measurements of urban qualities frequently employed to evaluate places. We use smart card data collected from public transport to calculate a diversity value for each research unit. Diversity is composed of three dynamic attributes: intensity, variability, and consistency, each measuring different temporal variations of mobility flows. We then apply a regression model to establish the relationship between diversity and vitality, using Twitter data as a proxy for human activity in urban space. Final results (also validated using data sourced from OpenStreetMap) unveil which are the most vibrant areas in London