Provenance in Linked Data Integration

The open world of the (Semantic) Web is a global information space offering diverse materials of disparate qualities, and the opportunity to re-use, aggregate, and integrate these materials in novel ways. The advent of Linked Data brings the potential to expose data on the Web, creating new challenges for data consumers who want to integrate these data. One challenge is the ability, for users, to elicit the reliability and/or the accuracy of the data they come across. In this paper, we describe a light-weight provenance extension for the voiD vocabulary that allows data publishers to add provenance metadata to their datasets. These provenance metadata can be queried by consumers and used as contextual information for integration and inter-operation of information resources on the Semantic Web

An approach for measuring rdf data completeness

International audienc

Trust and context in cyberspace

Every day we place trust or reliance on other people and on inanimate objects, but trust may be diminished in the world of information resources and technology. We are often told that information needs higher standards of verification in digital realms than in the paper world. Similarly, when we encounter digital records and archives we may be uncertain how far we can trust them. In the past, trust in records was said to be reinforced by trust in archivists and archival institutions. However, trust in professional experts and institutions is waning; notions of expert objectivity are increasingly challenged. This paper explores an idea proposed by David Weinberger, that ‘transparency is the new objectivity’. Where records are concerned, documentation of provenance and context forms a basis for enhancing their transparency and thus for evaluating their trustworthiness. Many commentators have expressed anxiety that, in digital environments where resources are reused and remixed at will, records may become decontextualized. But in computer science questions are now being asked about how data can be trusted and verified, and knowledge of their provenance is increasingly seen as a foundation for enabling trust. Many computer scientists argue that, while data should be reusable, each piece of data should carry evidence of its history and original contexts to help those who encounter it to judge its trustworthiness. Some researchers have set out to develop systems to capture and preserve information about data provenance. In the longer term, this research may help archivists meet the challenges of gathering and maintaining contextual information in the world of digital record-keeping. Methods of automatically harvesting certain kinds of contextual information are under investigation; automated solutions are likely to expedite what are currently time-consuming manual processes. However, merely being presented with information about provenance is not enough. Insofar as individuals or institutions supply us with that information, we have to decide how far we trust what those people or institutions tell us. There is still a place for expert voices, but experts cannot be seen as infallible providers of objective information

Knowledge Components and Methods for Policy Propagation in Data Flows

Data-oriented systems and applications are at the centre of current developments of the World Wide Web (WWW). On the Web of Data (WoD), information sources can be accessed and processed for many purposes. Users need to be aware of any licences or terms of use, which are associated with the data sources they want to use. Conversely, publishers need support in assigning the appropriate policies alongside the data they distribute. In this work, we tackle the problem of policy propagation in data flows - an expression that refers to the way data is consumed, manipulated and produced within processes. We pose the question of what kind of components are required, and how they can be acquired, managed, and deployed, to support users on deciding what policies propagate to the output of a data-intensive system from the ones associated with its input. We observe three scenarios: applications of the Semantic Web, workflow reuse in Open Science, and the exploitation of urban data in City Data Hubs. Starting from the analysis of Semantic Web applications, we propose a data-centric approach to semantically describe processes as data flows: the Datanode ontology, which comprises a hierarchy of the possible relations between data objects. By means of Policy Propagation Rules, it is possible to link data flow steps and policies derivable from semantic descriptions of data licences. We show how these components can be designed, how they can be effectively managed, and how to reason efficiently with them. In a second phase, the developed components are verified using a Smart City Data Hub as a case study, where we developed an end-to-end solution for policy propagation. Finally, we evaluate our approach and report on a user study aimed at assessing both the quality and the value of the proposed solution

Nuevas tecnologías aplicadas al análisis de la cerámica ibérica a torno del Alto Guadalquivir (S. VI a.n.e-S. I d.n.e)

[ES] En esta tesis se presenta una metodología de digitalización, sistematización y clasificación de cerámica arqueológica realizada sobre una colección de referencia compuesta por 1.133 recipientes cerámicos documentados en asentamientos de época ibérica de la Alta Andalucía (Jaén, Córdoba y Granada). Se han introducido métodos basados en nuevas tecnologías que han permitido la realización de modelos tridimensionales de recipientes cerámicos, la construcción de una plataforma on line en la que se ha incluido información gráfica y semántica referente a los recipientes y el diseño de un sistema informático de apoyo a la decisión en el proceso de clasificación basado en análisis de imágenes.Por último la información se ha insertado en el portal de la cultura europea de Europeana (http://www.europeana.eu/portal/).[EN] This thesis presents a methodology for digitization, systematization and classification of archaeological ceramics. It has been performed on a reference collection composed of 1,133 ceramic vessels documented in settlements of the Iberian period of Andalusia (Jaén, Córdoba and Granada). Methods based on new technologies have been introduced to allow the elaboration of three-dimensional models of ceramic vessels, the construction of an online platform on which graphical and semantic information is included and the design of a decision support system for the ceramic classification based on image analysis. Finally the information has been inserted in the European culture portal of Europeana (http://www.europeana.eu/portal/).Tesis Univ. Jaén. Departamento de Patrimonio Histórico. Leída el 28 de enero de 201