Методология научного обоснования аграрных комплексных энергосистем с использованием местных ресурсов

Problem of creating agricultural energy systems is of a significant multifactor system-and-situational na­ture, depending on the external economic and energy situation in the country, which predetermines accelerated development of autonomous energy centers of agro-towns based on joint use of centralized fuel and energy and local energy resources. The modern method for integrated energy supply of agro-towns as integrated territorial-and-economic entities of agro-industrial complex of the country with significant technical potential of local resources, including renewable energy sources, was devel­oped based on appropriate conceptual tools and principles of multi-level conceptual design and simulation modeling of inte­grated energy systems using method of conceptual expertize as advanced scientific research, pre-project technical-and-eco- nomic and technical -and-technological substantiation of rational structure of the concept project. As a priority, a system­atic approach to development of regional systems of pilot projects of demonstration areas of high energy efficiency based on highly organized agro-towns and, first of all, experimental farms of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus is substantiated. With this purpose, the Institute of Energy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus has developed software-based computing complex of an intelligent multi-level decision making support system providing simulation mod­eling and substantiation of rational scenarios for the concept project of an integrated energy system. The software package includes system of inherited and original software packages for staged procedure for performing computational experiments with a reasonable range of research risks. The conceptual content of the project depends on the Customer’s requirements, aims and objectives of the research, sectoral focus of agro-industrial enterprise, availability of sufficient technical poten­tial of local energy resources, and the consistency of interests of the owners, regional and national governing structures of various sectors of an agro-town. The studies performed with examples of a number of agro-industrial enterprises and social and cultural sectors of agro-towns show a significant (up to 60%) improvement in quality of choosing a rational struc­ture of a concept project for an integrated energy system and reduction (203 times) in sophistication of engineering design compared to ordinary 2-3-variant technical-and-economic substantiation of the project. Acknowledgements. The research was carried out within the framework of the State Program “Energy Systems, Processes and Technologies”, Sub-program 1.1 “Energy Security and Reliability of Energy Systems”, 2016-2018, with the support of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research.Проблема создания аграрных энергосистем носит существенно многофакторный системно-ситуа­ционный характер в зависимости от внешнеэкономической и энергетической обстановки страны, что предопределяет ускоренное развитие автономных энергоцентров агрогородков на базе совместного использования централизованных топливно-энергетических и местных энергоресурсов. Современная методология комплексного энергообеспечения агрогородков как комплексных территориально-хозяйственных образований АПК страны, обладающих значительным техническим потенциалом местных ресурсов, включая возобновляемые источники энергии, разработана на основе соответствующего понятийного инструментария и принципов многоуровневнего концептуального проектирования и имитационного моделирования комплексных энергосистем методом концептуальных экспертиз как развитого научного исследования, предпроектного технико-экономического и технико-технологического обоснования рацио­нальной структуры концепт-проекта. В качестве приоритетного направления обоснован системный подход к разра­ботке региональных систем пилотных проектов демонстрационных зон высокой энергоэффективности на базе высокоорганизованных агрогородков, в первую очередь экспериментально-опытных хозяйств Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Для этого в Институте энергетики Национальной академии наук Беларуси разработан программный вычислительный комплекс интеллектуальной многоуровневой системы поддержки принятия решений, обеспечивающей имитационное моделирование и обоснование рациональных сценариев концепт-проекта комплексной энергосистемы. Программный комплекс включает систему наследованных и оригинальных пакетов ПО для поэтапной процедуры выполнения вычислительных экспериментов с обоснованным диапазоном рисков исследований. Содержательность концепт-проекта зависит от требований заказчика, целей-задач исследований, отраслевой направленности агропромышленого предприятия, наличия достаточного технического потенциала местных энергоресурсов и согласованности интересов собственников, региональных и общегосударственных управляющих структур различных секторов агрогородка. Выполненные исследования на примерах ряда агро­промышленных предприятий и секторов соцкультбыта агрогородков показывают существенное (до 60 %) по­вышение качества выбора рациональной структуры концепт-проекта комплексной энергосистемы и снижение (в 2-3 раза) трудоемкости технического проектирования по сравнению с обыкновенным 2-3-вариантным технико­экономическим обоснованием проекта. Благодарности. Работа выполнена в рамках Государственной программы «Энергетические системы, процессы и технологии», Подпрограмма 1.1 «Энергетическая безопасность и надежность энергетических систем», 2016-2018 годы, при финансовой поддержке Белорусского республиканского фонда фундаментальных исследований

Using structured analysis and design technique (SADT) for simulation conceptual modelling

Conceptual Modelling (CM) has received little attention in the area of Modelling and Simulation (M&S) and more specifically in Discrete Event Simulation (DES). It is widely agreed that CM is least understood despite its importance. This is however, not the case in other fields of science and engineering (especially, computer science, systems engineering and software engineering). In Computer Science (CS) alone, CM has been extensively used for requirements specification and some well-established methods are in practice. The aim of the thesis is to propose a CM framework based on the principles of software engineering and CS. The development of the framework is adapted from a well-known software engineering method called Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT), hence it is called SADT CM. It is argued that by adapting approaches from CS, similar benefits can be achieved in terms of formality, understanding, communication and quality. A comprehensive cross-disciplinary review of CM in CS and M&S is undertaken, which highlights the dearth of standards within M&S CM when compared to CS. Three important sub-fields of CS are considered for this purpose namely, information systems, databases and software engineering. The review identifies two potential methods that could be adopted for developing a M&S CM framework. The first method called PREView was found unsuitable for M&S CM in DES domain. Hence, the thesis concentrates on developing the framework based on SADT. The SADT CM framework is evaluated on three-in depth test cases that investigate the feasibility of the approach. The study also contributes to the literature by conducting a usability test of the CM framework in an experimental setting. A comprehensive user-guide has also been developed as part of the research for users to follow the framewor

A framework for the provision of online discrete event simulation for operational decision support in complex manufacturing environments

The engineering body of knowledge contains an array of methodologies and techniques to address the effectiveness and efficiency of operational activities within a manufacturing environment. One such example is simulation modelling, a powerful analytical tool that can potentially be valuable in assisting decision makers, managers and engineers to gauge improvement opportunities and achieve process advancements. However, the cost of ownership for simulation models is not insignificant even for large multinationals, this stems from the requirements for specialist skills in simulation software, model development, data mining and statistical analysis. Simulation projects typically require a large investment to develop and usually are used-once-and-thrown-away. To reuse the model, it would require repeating a large portion of the development cycle. In order for simulation modelling to achieve wider recognition as a decision support tool there is a necessity to reduce the cost of model maintainability, promote reusability, increase flexibility and improve user friendliness. The research proposed framework intends to achieve four goals. i.) Improve and advance the deployment and maintenance requirements of simulation projects in comparison to traditional methods. ii.) Integrate automation into model deployment phase of a simulation projects. Thus, allowing unique user-specified simulation models to be generated by automatically extracting and manipulating data from factory databases. iii.) Enforce a strong documentation technique to achieve interoperability and re-traceability of project progress, therefore permitting programme code or even entire models to be reused and utilised in future projects. iv.) Advance user friendliness and acceptance towards simulation modelling. Reducing the expertise required to conduct simulation studies will improve the programming exercise image associated with typical simulation studies. This framework assists in developing customised simulation modules. These modules facilitate automated online rapid development of reconfigurable, flexible, self-maintaining simulation models, aiming to deliver tailored analysis to support real-time operational decision making

Generierung von Simulationsmodellen auf der Grundlage von Prozessmodellen

To conduct dynamic analyses on process models those models have to be dynamic models. As dynamic models based on process models a discrete simulation model can be used. However, the different application purpose prevents that process models can be directly used to conduct a simulation study. To transfers a static process model to a dynamic simulation model the ProSiT concept was developed and applied on the process modelling notations eEPC, BPMN and UML activity diagram. The ProSiT concept works as a central instance between different process modelling notations and different simulation systems. The concept includes transformation rules, a transformation model – the ProSiT model – and normalisation rules. Normalisation rules are designed to prepare the converted process model for the transformation in a simulation model. First, process models are checked by notation dependent syntax rules. If the process models match the syntax, preparation rules are applied to prepare the transformation that is executed with specific transformations rules. The resulting model is the conceptual transformation model. Normalisation rules are applied to simplify the process flow or remove not required data from the model. Information that are not available in the original process model will also be added to the model with the support of normalisation rules. Those rules are designed as automatic, semi-automatic and manual rules. When a normalised transformation model is created it can be converted to a simulation system. Therefore applicability rules check whether the simulation system can simulate the model. After this check transformation rules generate the simulation model based on the normalised transformation model.Um dynamische Analysen auf Prozessmodelle anzuwenden, müssen diese als dynamische Modelle vorliegen. Bei Prozessmodellen eigenen sich für diesen Anwendungszweck diskrete Simulationsmodelle. Aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Einsatzzweckes von Prozess- und Simulationsmodellen können Prozessmodelle nicht direkt für eine Simulation verwendet werden. Als Ansatz, das statische Prozessmodell in ein dynamisches Simulationsmodell umzuwandeln, wurde das ProSiT Konzept entwickelt und auf die Geschäftsprozessnotationen eEPK, BPMN und das UML Aktivitätsdiagramm angewendet. Das ProSiT Konzept stellt eine zentrale Instanz zwischen verschiedenen Geschäftsprozessnotationen und Simulationsumgebungen dar. Das Konzept umfasst Transformationsregeln, ein Transformationsmodell – das ProSiT Modell – und Normalisierungsregeln zur Vorbereitung des Modells auf eine Simulation. Prozessmodelle werden zunächst mit Vorbereitungsregeln für eine Transformation in das ProSiT Modell vorbereitet. Das vorbereitete Modell wird anschließend mit Transformationsregeln überführt. Normalisierungsregeln im Kontext des ProSiT Modells vereinfachen den Prozessablauf und fügen fehlende Informationen hinzu, die für eine Simulation notwendig sind, aber nicht im ursprünglichen Prozessmodell vorhanden sind. Diese Regeln liegen als automatische, semi-automatische und manuelle Normalisierungsregeln vor. Ist ein Modell normalisiert, kann mittels Anwendbarkeitsregeln geprüft werden, ob eine Simulationsumgebung das Modell simulieren kann. Trifft dies zu, wird mittels Transformationsregeln das Simulationsmodell aus dem normalisierten Transformationsmodell erzeugt.Auch im Buchhandel erhältlich: Generierung von Simulationsmodellen auf der Grundlage von Prozessmodellenl / Oliver Kloos Ilmenau : Univ.-Verl. Ilmenau, 2014. - xiv, 508 S. ISBN 978-3-86360-086-0 Preis: 27,20

Process Modelling Support for the Conceptual Modelling Phase of a Simulation Project

While many developments have taken place around supportingthe model coding task of simulation, there are few toolsavailable to assist in the conceptual modelling phase. Severalauthors have reported the advantages of using processmodelling tools in the early phases of a simulation project.This paper provides an overview of process modelling toolsin relation to their support for simulation, categorizing thetools into formal method and descriptive methods. A conclusionfrom this review is that none of the tools availableadequately support the requirements gathering phase ofsimulation. This is not surprising as none of the processmodelling tools were developed for explicit support of simulation.The paper then presents results of research intodeveloping a new process modelling method for simulation