Dames in New Zealand : Gender, representation and the royal honours system, 1917-2000

The New Zealand royal honours system, as a colonial reproduction of an elite British system with a white male norm, has been largely overlooked in all fields of scholarship. Yet, as a state expression of what is valued in society, honours provide a window into shifts in society. This study of dames and knights is undertaken in the context of the changes in the lives of New Zealand women in the twentieth century. Situated in a changing and shifting environment, the honours system has itself changed, influenced by the ebb and flow of the feminist movement, the decline of imperial and aristocratic forces, and New Zealand's evolving independence and identity. At the same time, the system has been in some respects static, slow to respond to charges of being an imperial anachronism, and, despite some change in what areas of service titles were granted for, remaining a gendered space focused on the traditionally male-dominated fields of politics, law and commerce. Studied from a feminist perspective, honours also reveal much about gender identities and roles in twentieth-century New Zealand, both the feminine and, because of the historically constructed dualism, the masculine. Both the patterns evident in the honouring of women at the highest level and the representations of those women found in popular culture display a constant disjunction between discourses of exceptionalism and of conformity to traditional images of the feminine. Women's personal experiences of being honoured with a title for their achievements add a further dimension of complexity to understandings of the significant changes and underlying continuities in the honours system as a gendered space

Research Selections 2012

ANSTO is an instrument of the Australian Government committed to Australian scientists and researchers, Australian innovation and Australia’s future. ANSTO’s existence is inextricably linked to efforts to protect and sustain Australia’s environment, to improve our health, to find ways to better diagnose and treat diseases, to produce nuclear medicines and to make a contribution to the global progress of nuclear science and technology. While ANSTO’s world-class infrastructure and science platforms are a demonstration of the foresight of the Australian Government, through the work of our researchers - and our collaborative thinking and strong partnerships - we contribute significantly to momentum in scientific discovery: bringing ideas to life. Through strong collaborations great advances are made. ANSTO’s local and international partnerships, as evidenced by the articles in this year’s Research Selections, are part of a scientific network that reaches into universities, government and industry and other research organisations – all of which have a crucial contribution to make to research outcomes and, by extension, our living world. ANSTO is part of the international science and technology community and is a hub for a vibrant research engagement and discovery. Each year hundreds of the world’s top researchers who use nuclear techniques to advance knowledge head to ANSTO. These collaborations enable us to magnify our influence and reach across the geography of possibilities. Not least of all through the mechanism of collaborative agreements with international organisations thereby ensuring a gateway for Australian scientists to the best international facilities, including CERN’s Large Hadron Collider - home to the intrepid Higgs Boson particle physicists. Research Selections is a small sample of the vast amount of great science being leveraged with our infrastructure. But science doesn’t stand still. To continue to achieve great science and ensure Australia remains at the forefront of discovery and innovation, we need to develop, grow and build on existing foundations of knowledge. ANSTO is already custodian of OPAL – Australia’s only nuclear reactor and one of the best research reactors in the world. Thanks to OPAL, we are able to supply vital nuclear medicine for Australians, irradiate silicon for the global semi-conductor market and, importantly, provide neutrons enabling researchers to probe matter at the nano and atomic scale, unlocking mysteries that can lead to profound discovery. ANSTO Research Selections 2010 | 3 3 While OPAL puts ANSTO streets ahead of where it otherwise would be, we cannot and are not resting on our laurels. In April 2012, approximately100 national and international experts attended the Second OPAL Guide Hall Workshop to discuss the medium- to long-term future of OPAL, an essential step towards the full exploitation of this world-leading research infrastructure. They discussed the extremely rapid advances in neutron beam instruments over the past few years and brainstormed strategies for using these advances and building a second suite of beamlines and instruments that will be at the forefront of neutron beam capabilities. ANSTO is also taking great strides in accelerator science. Our particle accelerators ANTARES and STAR are well established for analysing the elemental composition and age of materials using ion beam analysis and accelerator mass spectrometry. Two new accelerators will be established at ANSTO, as part of our Centre for Accelerator Science which has been funded through investment by the Government. These will enhance our capabilities in, for example, radiocarbon dating on historical artefacts, environmental studies, and determining how fossil fuels are contributing to climate change. The formation of the Australian Collaboration for Accelerator Science between the Australian Synchrotron, the University of Melbourne and the Australian National University is aimed at creating and maintaining a national pool of world class facilities and accelerator expertise. This collaboration will ensure Australia remains at the leading edge of accelerator capabilities and facilities

The occurrence and origin of salinity in non-coastal groundwater in the Waikato region

Aims The aims of this project are to describe the occurrence, and determine the origin of non-coastal saline groundwater in the Waikato region. High salinity limits the use of the water for supply and agricultural use. Understanding the origin and distribution of non-coastal salinity will assist with development and management of groundwater resources in the Waikato. Method The occurrence of non-coastal groundwater salinity was investigated by examining driller’s records and regional council groundwater quality information. Selected wells were sampled for water quality analyses and temperatures were profiled where possible. Water quality analyses include halogens such as chloride, fluoride, iodide and bromide. Ratios of these ions are useful to differentiate between geothermal and seawater origins of salinity (Hem, 1992). Other ionic ratio approaches for differentiating sources and influences on salinity such as those developed by Alcala and Emilio (2008) and Sanchez-Martos et al., (2002), may also be applied. Potential sources of salinity include seawater, connate water, geothermal and anthropogenic influences. The hydrogeologic settings of saline occurrence were also investigated, to explore the potential to predict further occurrence. Results Numerous occurrences of non-coastal saline groundwater have been observed in the Waikato region. Where possible, wells with relatively high total dissolved solids (TDS) were selected for further investigation. Several groundwater samples are moderately saline and exceed the TDS drinking water aesthetic guideline of 1,000 g m-3 (Ministry of Health, 2008). Selected ion ratios (predominantly halogens) were used to assist in differentiating between influences on salinity such as seawater and geothermal. Bromide to iodide ratios, in particular, infer a greater geothermal influence on salinity, although other ratios are not definitive. The anomalously elevated salinity observed appears natural but nevertheless has constrained localised groundwater resource development for dairy factory, industrial and prison water supply use. Further work may show some relationship with geology or tectonics, which could assist prediction of inland saline groundwater occurrence

Student Expectations: The effect of student background and experience

CONTEXT The perspectives and previous experiences that students bring to their programs of study can affect their approaches to study and the depth of learning that they achieve Prosser & Trigwell, 1999; Ramsden, 2003). Graduate outcomes assume the attainment of welldeveloped independent learning skills which can be transferred to the work-place. PURPOSE This 5-year longitudinal study investigates factors influencing students’ approaches to learning in the fields of Engineering, Software Engineering, and Computer Science, at two higher education institutes delivering programs of various levels in Australia and New Zealand. The study aims to track the development of student approaches to learning as they progress through their program. Through increased understanding of students’ approaches, faculty will be better able to design teaching and learning strategies to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse student body. This paper reports on the first stage of the project. APPROACH In August 2017, we ran a pilot of our survey using the Revised Study Process Questionnaire(Biggs, Kember, & Leung, 2001) and including some additional questions related to student demographics and motivation for undertaking their current program of study. Data were analysed to evaluate the usefulness of data collected and to understand the demographics of the student cohort. Over the period of the research, data will be collected using the questionnaire and through focus groups and interviews. RESULTS Participants provided a representative sample, and the data collected was reasonable, allowing the questionnaire design to be confirmed. CONCLUSIONS At this preliminary stage, the study has provided insight into the student demographics at both institutes and identified aspects of students’ modes of engagement with learning. Some areas for improvement of the questionnaire have been identified, which will be implemented for the main body of the study

Measuring knowledge sharing processes through social network analysis within construction organisations

The construction industry is a knowledge intensive and information dependent industry. Organisations risk losing valuable knowledge, when the employees leave them. Therefore, construction organisations need to nurture opportunities to disseminate knowledge through strengthening knowledge-sharing networks. This study aimed at evaluating the formal and informal knowledge sharing methods in social networks within Australian construction organisations and identifying how knowledge sharing could be improved. Data were collected from two estimating teams in two case studies. The collected data through semi-structured interviews were analysed using UCINET, a Social Network Analysis (SNA) tool, and SNA measures. The findings revealed that one case study consisted of influencers, while the other demonstrated an optimal knowledge sharing structure in both formal and informal knowledge sharing methods. Social networks could vary based on the organisation as well as the individuals’ behaviour. Identifying networks with specific issues and taking steps to strengthen networks will enable to achieve optimum knowledge sharing processes. This research offers knowledge sharing good practices for construction organisations to optimise their knowledge sharing processes

The 45th Australasian Universities Building Education Association Conference: Global Challenges in a Disrupted World: Smart, Sustainable and Resilient Approaches in the Built Environment, Conference Proceedings, 23 - 25 November 2022, Western Sydney University, Kingswood Campus, Sydney, Australia

This is the proceedings of the 45th Australasian Universities Building Education Association (AUBEA) conference which will be hosted by Western Sydney University in November 2022. The conference is organised by the School of Engineering, Design, and Built Environment in collaboration with the Centre for Smart Modern Construction, Western Sydney University. This year’s conference theme is “Global Challenges in a Disrupted World: Smart, Sustainable and Resilient Approaches in the Built Environment”, and expects to publish over a hundred double-blind peer review papers under the proceedings

Health and wellbeing of under-15 year olds in Aotearoa 2018

This report is released at a time of renewed focus on the health and wellbeing of children and young people in Aotearoa. In April 2019 Stats NZ released the first round of child poverty statistics using a revised and more robust methodology. The same week saw the release of the first summary report on the national engagement undertaken in preparation of New Zealand’s first Child Youth and Wellbeing Strategy. There is a sense of careful hope in the child health and wellbeing sector that we may see steps toward the transformative change that is required for all children to enjoy the same opportunities to fulfil their potential. In this report the New Zealand Child and Youth Epidemiology Service (NZCYES) provides data and information to contribute to the effective planning and funding of services to improve, promote and protect the health and wellbeing of New Zealand children. The indicators of child health and wellbeing in this report cover the under-15 age group, with a focus on the school years. Indicators reported on in 2017 had a focus on the first five years of life. The 2019 report will extend further along the life course, to age 24 years. Indicator data for this report were extracted in 2018 from a range of routinely collected national datasets. For each indicator the report provides an analysis of the most recent data available at the time of writing, followed by evidence for good practice derived from current policies, guidelines and the evidence-based literature. Where possible, the evidence for good practice includes discussion of equity issues relevant to each indicator, to inform service planning and delivery. The 2018 report begins with a population snapshot comparing the population profile by age and gender in each district health board (DHB) with the national demographic profile. This helps to provide a context for the data presented in the report for specific indicators. Data should be interpreted in light of the differing patterns in age structure, ethnic composition, social and material deprivation in different regions and in Aotearoa overall. Equity is a key concern in child health. The Ministry of Health has a clear mandate to take a bold approach to addressing health inequities. The first review topic, Health equity, summarises recent publications from the Ministry of Health, organisations of health professionals, and scholarly literature with a focus on health equity between Māori and other children and young people in Aotearoa. It should be read in the light of the Waitangi Tribunal 2575 findings from stage one of the inquiry into nationally significant health issues [1]. Selected nutritional and physical activity indicators from the New Zealand Health Survey are presented in the healthy behaviours section of the report. These indicators are important for overall wellbeing, growth, and long-term health of children and young people. The second review topic, Children’s views on healthcare, reviews research on what children think about health services and how they are provided. This will help health service planners and providers to incorporate children’s views to make services more user-friendly and thereby more effective. The next two sections present data on oral health and immunisation, using a combination of community-based and hospitalisation data. An overview of all-cause hospitalisation follows, with detailed analysis of the more common causes of hospitalisation in this age group. Mental health analysis in this report presents data from the New Zealand Health Survey, and hospitalisation data for under-15 year olds with a mental health diagnosis. The opportunity to “grow up in a family environment of happiness, love and understanding” is a fundamental right of every child. The final section of this report includes indicators related to nurture and protection of children and young people. Data from the New Zealand Health Survey on physical punishment of children, and data from the National Collections on deaths and hospitalisations due to assault, neglect or maltreatment are included. The report appendices provide detail that may be helpful when interpreting information presented in the report. They include detailed descriptions of the methods used to develop evidence for good practice, and the statistical methods used in the data analyses, descriptions of the data sources used for the various indicators reported, explanation about classification of ethnicity and social and material deprivation in the report, and a list of the clinical codes relevant to each indicator. In summary, the 2018 report on health and wellbeing of under-15-year-olds presents data and interpretation on a set of relevant indicators extracted from national health datasets. The data used were the most recent available at the time of writing, and provide a snapshot of achievements and challenges in these areas. This report cannot address questions that require outpatient data, as these are not yet available at a national level. Developing systems that can provide a fuller picture of outpatient and primary health care data is important to inform child health service planning at national and DHB level. Reference 1. Waitangi Tribunal. 2019. Hauora: Report on Stage One of the Health Services and Outcomes Kaupapa Inquiry. Wellington: Waitangi Tribunal

Health and wellbeing of under-15 year olds in the Midland region 2018

This report is released at a time of renewed focus on the health and wellbeing of children and young people in Aotearoa. In April 2019 StatsNZ released the first round of child poverty statistics using a revised and more robust methodology. The same week saw the release of the first summary report on the national engagement undertaken in preparation of New Zealand’s first Child Youth and Wellbeing Strategy. There is a sense of careful hope in the child health and wellbeing sector that we may see steps toward the transformative change that is required for all children to enjoy the same opportunities to fulfil their potential. In this report the New Zealand Child and Youth Epidemiology Service (NZCYES) provides data and information to contribute to the effective planning and funding of services to improve, promote and protect the health and wellbeing of New Zealand children. The indicators of child health and wellbeing in this report cover the under-15 age group, with a focus on the school years. Indicators reported on in 2017 had a focus on the first five years of life. The 2019 report will extend further along the life course, to age 24 years