2 research outputs found

    No Provisioned Concurrency: Fast RDMA-codesigned Remote Fork for Serverless Computing

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    Serverless platforms essentially face a tradeoff between container startup time and provisioned concurrency (i.e., cached instances), which is further exaggerated by the frequent need for remote container initialization. This paper presents MITOSIS, an operating system primitive that provides fast remote fork, which exploits a deep codesign of the OS kernel with RDMA. By leveraging the fast remote read capability of RDMA and partial state transfer across serverless containers, MITOSIS bridges the performance gap between local and remote container initialization. MITOSIS is the first to fork over 10,000 new containers from one instance across multiple machines within a second, while allowing the new containers to efficiently transfer the pre-materialized states of the forked one. We have implemented MITOSIS on Linux and integrated it with FN, a popular serverless platform. Under load spikes in real-world serverless workloads, MITOSIS reduces the function tail latency by 89% with orders of magnitude lower memory usage. For serverless workflow that requires state transfer, MITOSIS improves its execution time by 86%.Comment: To appear in OSDI'2

    Cross-layer latency-aware and -predictable data communication

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    Cyber-physical systems are making their way into more aspects of everyday life. These systems are increasingly distributed and hence require networked communication to coordinatively fulfil control tasks. Providing this in a robust and resilient manner demands for latency-awareness and -predictability at all layers of the communication and computation stack. This thesis addresses how these two latency-related properties can be implemented at the transport layer to serve control applications in ways that traditional approaches such as TCP or RTP cannot. Thereto, the Predictably Reliable Real-time Transport (PRRT) protocol is presented, including its unique features (e.g. partially reliable, ordered, in-time delivery, and latency-avoiding congestion control) and unconventional APIs. This protocol has been intensively evaluated using the X-Lap toolkit that has been specifically developed to support protocol designers in improving latency, timing, and energy characteristics of protocols in a cross-layer, intra-host fashion. PRRT effectively circumvents latency-inducing bufferbloat using X-Pace, an implementation of the cross-layer pacing approach presented in this thesis. This is shown using experimental evaluations on real Internet paths. Apart from PRRT, this thesis presents means to make TCP-based transport aware of individual link latencies and increases the predictability of the end-to-end delays using Transparent Transmission Segmentation.Cyber-physikalische Systeme werden immer relevanter fĂŒr viele Aspekte des Alltages. Sie sind zunehmend verteilt und benötigen daher Netzwerktechnik zur koordinierten ErfĂŒllung von Regelungsaufgaben. Um dies auf eine robuste und zuverlĂ€ssige Art zu tun, ist Latenz-Bewusstsein und -PrĂ€dizierbarkeit auf allen Ebenen der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik nötig. Diese Dissertation beschĂ€ftigt sich mit der Implementierung dieser zwei Latenz-Eigenschaften auf der Transport-Schicht, sodass Regelungsanwendungen deutlich besser unterstĂŒtzt werden als es traditionelle AnsĂ€tze, wie TCP oder RTP, können. Hierzu wird das PRRT-Protokoll vorgestellt, inklusive seiner besonderen Eigenschaften (z.B. partiell zuverlĂ€ssige, geordnete, rechtzeitige Auslieferung sowie Latenz-vermeidende Staukontrolle) und unkonventioneller API. Das Protokoll wird mit Hilfe von X-Lap evaluiert, welches speziell dafĂŒr entwickelt wurde Protokoll-Designer dabei zu unterstĂŒtzen die Latenz-, Timing- und Energie-Eigenschaften von Protokollen zu verbessern. PRRT vermeidet Latenz-verursachenden Bufferbloat mit Hilfe von X-Pace, einer Cross-Layer Pacing Implementierung, die in dieser Arbeit prĂ€sentiert und mit Experimenten auf realen Internet-Pfaden evaluiert wird. Neben PRRT behandelt diese Arbeit transparente Übertragungssegmentierung, welche dazu dient dem TCP-basierten Transport individuelle Link-Latenzen bewusst zu machen und so die Vorhersagbarkeit der Ende-zu-Ende Latenz zu erhöhen
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