1 research outputs found
The impact of anthropogenic pollution on soil degradation at wide area of Bor City
ΠΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄ ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π±Π°Π½ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ, Π° ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π°. Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Ρ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ·ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΌΠ΅Π²Π° ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° (Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΄ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅, Π΄ΠΎΠΊ Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌ: Π’ΠΈΠ»Π²Π° ΠΠ°Π³ΡΠ°, Π§ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΡΠΏΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π§ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΡΡΡΠ³Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ΄ 152.91 ΠΊΠΌ2, Π½Π°Π»Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΠ΅ 10 ΠΊΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠΎΡΠ°. Π£ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ° Π³Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π·Π±ΠΎΠ³ ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΠΌΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π° Ρ Π²Π°Π·Π΄ΡΡ
Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ° Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ³ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° (Π΅Π½Π³Π». background) ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π±ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ Π²Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ°.
Π‘ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ Π·Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°.
6
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π» Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°...The soil as a basic natural resource has the main ecological and production function. Numerous natural and anthropogenic effects lead to a change in the balance of the soil process and its degradation, and consequently to a decrease in productivity due to the deterioration of the physical, chemical, and biological soil properties. Of all chemical contaminants, the harmful microelements are considered as substances that have special ecological, biological and health significance, and they can have the natural or anthropogenic origin. Physical, chemical and biological processes in the soil will determine the speciation, mobility and ultimately the bioavailability of microelements. Erosion processes are the most common cause leading to physical soil degradation and involve the erosion and undermining of the soil (and sometimes also the base rock) under the influence of surface swelling caused by water, while the soil erosion is the soil resistance according to the mentioned erosion processes.
The Tilva Njagra, Coka Kupjatra and Coka Kurugu research area has 152.91 km2, and it is located 10 km northwest of the Bor City. In areas with the intensive exploitation of ores, such as the area of the Bor City, the study and monitoring of soil degradation is of particular importance, especially taking into account the excessive measured annual concentrations of certain harmful microelements in the air, as well as the wind rose which is it extends towards the research area.
Determining of soil background is a necessary measure when assessing soil contamination within the research area since we can not estimate the anthropogenic impact due to the fact that the geological substance in its composition already has a certain amount of harmful microelements.
The degree of pollution is defined by certain reference factors, such as the soil pollution indexes for estimating the degree of contamination, which can determine the pollution geospatial distribution and their intensity.
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A conceptual model has been defined for total soil degradation based on interactions between physical, chemical and other influences..