1,183,841 research outputs found
On the Power of Invariant Tests for Hypotheses on a Covariance Matrix
The behavior of the power function of autocorrelation tests such as the
Durbin-Watson test in time series regressions or the Cliff-Ord test in spatial
regression models has been intensively studied in the literature. When the
correlation becomes strong, Kr\"amer (1985) (for the Durbin-Watson test) and
Kr\"amer (2005) (for the Cliff-Ord test) have shown that the power can be very
low, in fact can converge to zero, under certain circumstances. Motivated by
these results, Martellosio (2010) set out to build a general theory that would
explain these findings. Unfortunately, Martellosio (2010) does not achieve this
goal, as a substantial portion of his results and proofs suffer from serious
flaws. The present paper now builds a theory as envisioned in Martellosio
(2010) in a fairly general framework, covering general invariant tests of a
hypothesis on the disturbance covariance matrix in a linear regression model.
The general results are then specialized to testing for spatial correlation and
to autocorrelation testing in time series regression models. We also
characterize the situation where the null and the alternative hypothesis are
indistinguishable by invariant tests
Species lifetime distribution for simple models of ecologies
Interpretation of empirical results based on a taxa's lifetime distribution
shows apparently conflicting results. Species' lifetime is reported to be
exponentially distributed, whereas higher order taxa, such as families or
genera, follow a broader distribution, compatible with power law decay. We show
that both these evidences are consistent with a simple evolutionary model that
does not require specific assumptions on species interaction. The model
provides a zero-order description of the dynamics of ecological communities and
its species lifetime distribution can be computed exactly. Different behaviors
are found: an initial power law, emerging from a random walk type of
dynamics, which crosses over to a steeper branching process-like
regime and finally is cutoff by an exponential decay which becomes weaker and
weaker as the total population increases. Sampling effects can also be taken
into account and shown to be relevant: if species in the fossil record were
sampled according to the Fisher log-series distribution, lifetime should be
distributed according to a power law. Such variability of behaviors in
a simple model, combined with the scarcity of data available, cast serious
doubts on the possibility to validate theories of evolution on the basis of
species lifetime data.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figure
STUDY CASE ON SIMULATION AN ACTIVE FILTER BASED ON LOAD DC MOTOR
Nowadays power system facing serious problem with power quality in terms of power factor and harmonics due to
increasingly number of nonlinear load. This paper will discuss about the effecting of dc motor by using an active filter on the power system. The simulation had been done by using MATLAB/ Simulink. The Voltage source shunt active filter (VSAF) has been used in this simulation with the common DC bus. The p-q theorem will be used to control the PWM switching of the active filter. Simulation result shows that by using a Series DC motor as load on active filter the line current will compensate and reduce the THD of the line current
Land Beneath the Water: Narratives of the Keowee-Toxaway Project in Appalachian South Carolina
In 1965, Duke Power announced the construction of a series of dams along the Keowee and Little rivers in Oconee County, South Carolina. The dams would create water reservoirs for one of the largest hydro-electric and nuclear power facilities in the nation. The dominant narrative focuses on the recreational activities, power generation, and economic development facilitated by the creation of lakes Jocassee and Keowee. However, residents of the Keowee and Jocassee valleys had to be removed, a process that started years earlier when Duke Power began serious land purchasing efforts. This study focused on discovering diverse narratives from people that were displaced or otherwise affected by the lakes. In doing so, made comparisons with other projects on displaced populations in Appalachia, examined the beneficiaries of the project, the treatment of locals, and how Duke Power and local government presented the project through local media
Federal Environmental Law in the \u27New Federalism\u27 Era
As we wrote last year, the U.S. Supreme Court has shown considerable interest during the past decade in reconsidering many constitutional doctrines regarding federalism and congressional power. In a series of important decisions, always decided with the same five justices in the majority, the Court has begun to redefine the federal-state relationship and the scope of federal authority. The past term generally continued that trend, with one important commerce power decision, one significant Eleventh Amendment/Fourteenth Amendment decision, and a number of decisions that involve or affect federalism and the scope of federal power, although the Court sometimes relied on statutory interpretation to avoid serious constitutional issues. Part I of this article describes the most recent decisions
Effects of photovoltaic systems on the behavior of harmonic components in low voltage network
Renewable energy sources, especially solar systems, have become increasingly important energy sources in recent times. Connecting large PV systems to utility networks can cause a number of operational problems for distribution networks. The extent of these problems depends directly on the percentage of PV penetration and the geographical location of the installation. Possible problems caused by PV systems: over-voltage, output power fluctuation, harmonic distortion, frequency fluctuation
Harmonic distortion is a serious energy quality problem which can occur in photovoltaic systems due to the use of power inverters that convert direct current to alternating current. The resulting harmonics can cause parallel and series resonances, transformer overheating, and protection device malfunctions, which can reduce the reliability of power supply systems
Federal Environmental Law in the \u27New Federalism\u27 Era
As we wrote last year, the U.S. Supreme Court has shown considerable interest during the past decade in reconsidering many constitutional doctrines regarding federalism and congressional power. In a series of important decisions, always decided with the same five justices in the majority, the Court has begun to redefine the federal-state relationship and the scope of federal authority. The past term generally continued that trend, with one important commerce power decision, one significant Eleventh Amendment/Fourteenth Amendment decision, and a number of decisions that involve or affect federalism and the scope of federal power, although the Court sometimes relied on statutory interpretation to avoid serious constitutional issues. Part I of this article describes the most recent decisions
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