Cuatro puntos de vista sobre la Unión Europea

Interviews and speeches on EU policy and relations between Member State

The Role of the European Union in the Processes to Ban Cluster Munitions

At the end of 2008 the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) that outlawed almost all types of cluster munitions was signed. It was the product of the so-called Oslo process, which had been set up two years earlier as a reaction to the failure to add a new protocol banning cluster munitions to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW). The position of the EU in these two processes was ambivalent: on the one hand it belonged to the strongest proponents for a new protocol within the CCW, but on the other hand the member states were in general not able to act jointly in the Oslo Process. According to this working paper especially the aspect of national security and the related relationship to the United States influenced the stances of many member states and complicated the formation of a common European position. There were common normative values of the EU detected, which played a role in the CCW, but they were only secondary to other interests of the member states

La política europea de España 2005-2006

El presente working paper es la versión española del capítulo escrito por la autora sobre la política europea de España para un anuario alemán sobre construcción europea (W. Weidenfeld y W. Wessels (Hrsg.). Jahrbuch der Europäischen Integration 2005/06, Institut fur Europäische Politik. Europa Union Verlag, en prensa). La autora escribe dicho capítulo para el Jahrbuch regularmente desde el año 1990. Producto de dichos textos es el libro de la autora que lleva por título La política europea de España, Barcelona, Ariel, 1999. En dicho libro se recogen aspectos conceptuales y de análisis en profundidad que sirven de marco al presente texto, cuyas características responden al objetivo de la publicación (alemana) en la que apareció: un anuario de seguimiento de la construcción europea de carácter coyuntural

La política de prevención y gestión de conflictos de la Unión Europea en África Subsahariana : el caso del conflicto de los Grandes Lagos

Tras su inclusión en la Estrategia Europea de Seguridad de la UE del 2003 y en el Tratado constitucional del 2004, se puede considerar que se ha producido la "oficialización" de la política de prevención y gestión de conflictos (PPGC) de la UE en tanto que objetivo principal de la política de seguridad de la Unión. Uno de los campos de actuación de la PPGC ha sido África Subsahariana y, en concreto, el conflicto de los Grandes Lagos que orbita alrededor de la República Democrática del Congo (RDC). Un conflicto en el que a lo largo de más de una década la Unión ha aplicado diversos tipos de instrumentos (civiles y militares) encuadrados dentro de la PPGC. Tras la celebración en diciembre de 2006 de la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales en dicho país africano (las cuales podrían significar el fin definitivo del conflicto), éste parece un buen momento para analizar la tipología de instrumentos aplicados por la Unión en lo que denominaríamos el "toolbox" de la PPGC, así como para realizar un primer balance sobre los mismos

The EU as a security provider in its neighbourhood : the case of non-proliferation of WMD in the Mediterranean area

As a consequence of the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and the US-led war against Iraq, WMD and their proliferation have become a central element of the EU security agenda. In December 2003, the European Council adopted even a EU Strategy against Proliferation of WMD. The approach adopted in this Strategy can be largely described as a 'cooperative security provider' approach and is based on effective multilateralism, the promotion of a stable international and regional environment and the cooperation with key partners. The principal objective of this paper is to examine in how far the EU has actually implemented the 'cooperative security provider' approach in the area which the Non-proliferation Strategy identifies as one of its priorities - the Mediterranean. Focusing on the concept of security interdependence, the paper analyses first the various WMD dangers with which the EU is confronted in the Mediterranean area. Afterwards, it examines how the EU has responded to these hazards in the framework of the Barcelona process and, in particular, the new European Neighbourhood Policy. It is argued that despite its relatively powerful rhetoric, the EU has largely failed, for a wide range of reasons, to apply effectively its non-proliferation approach in the Mediterranean area and, thus, to become a successful security provider

When ESDP confronts ENP : security sector reform as a bridge in the EU's foreign policy

The European Neighbourhood Policy's birth has taken place in parallel with the renewed momentum of the European Security and Defence Policy, which has launched 14 operations since 2003. Both policies' instruments have converged in the neighbouring area covered by ENP: Georgia, in the East and the Palestinian Territories in the South. In both cases, the Security Sector Reform strategies have been the main focus for ESDP and an important objective for ENP. In this paper, two objectives are pursued: first, to assess the EU's involvement in both cases in SSR terms; and second, to analyse whether the convergence of ESDP operations with a broader EU neighbourhood policy implies that the former has become an instrument for the a EU external action