1,954 research outputs found

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Graduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    The Comparative Intercultural Sensitivity of American Faculty Teaching Abroad and Domestically : A Mixed-Methods Investigation Employing Participant-Generated Visuals

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    This thesis aimed to identify and compare the intercultural sensitivity, or IS, of tertiary American instructors teaching mono-national, non-American student populations abroad in the UAE and that of American tertiary instructors in multinational, non-American student populations domestically in the US. The study investigated the use of reflexive photography and photo-elicitation interviews methods as both data collection approaches and possible cultivators of IS, as well as any variation in findings between the two participant groups. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and semi-structured photo-elicitation interviews following a four-week reflexive photography project. Qualitative data were analyzed through the lens of a developmental framework and inductively through thematic analysis to capture fuller images of participants’ environments. Both groups of participants self-report fairly high IS, with the US-based group’s sensitivity averaging higher than the UAE-based group. Both groups, on average, showed slightly increased IS quantitatively following the reflexive photography project and photo-elicitation interviews, with the UAE-based group experiencing a slightly greater increase. This research involves a small number of participants; findings should be considered for indicative purposes only. Participants’ IS, when observed through the theoretical lens, indicate more progressive sensitivity among US-based participants. Thematic analysis of interview data reflects distinct teaching contexts faced by each participant group, with five and six themes emerging from the UAE- and US-based groups, respectively. This research is the first to the best of the author’s knowledge to investigate the IS of tertiary American faculty teaching internationally diverse student populations domestically and is also the first to compare differences in IS between this group and America

    Graduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2022-2023

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    The case of case: A morphological investigation of Russian heritage speakers in the UK

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    With the field of heritage language study only emerging in linguistics in the last few decades, Russian as a heritage language spoken in the UK remains an understudied area. In the present study, we aimed to investigate noun case inflections of 10–13-year-old children and adults residing in the UK from birth or early childhood and speaking Russian with their families at home from birth. Testing was done using a sentence translation task, a type of task not used previously in the field, and compared against age-matched monolingual controls. A background questionnaire was also administered to gather information about the way participants use their dominant and heritage languages in their household, family, friends, and entertainment. Our findings show that the case performance of heritage speakers significantly differs from age-matched controls, and worsens from the younger group to the older, suggesting a deterioration in the case system as the speaker moves away from their family and community upon transitioning into adulthood. These findings, however, do not entirely support earlier data from similar studies completed in the US and present the UK as a new underexplored playing field for future heritage language studies

    Spectral and temporal implementation of Japanese speakers' English vowel categories : a corpus-based study

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    This study investigates the predictions of second language (L2) speech acquisition models — SLM(-r), PAM(-L2), and L2LP — on how native (L1) Japanese speakers implement the spectral and temporal aspects of L2 American English vowel categories. Data were obtained from 102 L1 Japanese speakers in the J-AESOP corpus, which also includes nativelikeness judgments by trained phoneticians. Spectrally, speakers judged to be non-nativelike showed a strong influence from L1 categories, except L2 /ʌ/ which could be deflected away from L1 /a/ according to SLM(-r) and L2 /ɑː/ which seemed orthographically assimilated to L1 /o/ according to PAM(-L2). More nativelike speakers showed vowel spectra similar to those of native English speakers across all vowels, in accordance with L2LP. Temporally, although speakers tended to equate the phonetic length of English vowels with Japanese phonemic length distinctions, segment-level L1-L2 category similarity was not a significant predictor of the speakers’ nativelikeness. Instead, the implementation of prosodic-level factors such as stress and phrase-final lengthening were better predictors. The results highlight the importance of suprasegmental factors in successful category learning and also reveal a weakness in current models of L2 speech acquisition, which focus primarily on the segmental level. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed

    Accents and folk linguistics: A grounded-theoretical analysis of Icelanders' reactions to foreigners' use of Icelandic

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    Iceland has long been a monolingual and monoethnic society, with the Icelandic language serving as a key element in the construction and maintenance of national identity. As numbers and percentages of first-generation, L2 speakers have risen substantially in the past three decades, foreign-accented Icelandic has only recently become perceivable throughout society. However, mechanisms underlying evaluations of L2 Icelandic are not yet known. Against this background, this dissertation seeks to investigate folk ideas about the status of Icelandic in general and L2 accents in Icelandic in particular. Such ideas are considered in light of the longstanding ideological positions on L1 Icelandic, including a stable evaluation system. Drawing on concepts and methods established by research in folk linguistics, this qualitative study involved five focus group discussions with thirty-two participants, employing a semi-structured discussion guide. L1-speaker participants discussed general ideas on the Icelandic language and language variation. They were then presented with a voice-placing task using six verbal guises that had been recorded by five L2 speakers of Icelandic and one L1 speaker, each of whom read aloud the same grammatically and stylistically sound text. Subsequently, participants elaborated on their voice-placing strategies as well as different themes connected with ideas on Icelandic, including L2 and foreign-accented speech. The results of this investigation show that mechanisms underlying evaluations of the use of L1 Icelandic are well in place, with participants resorting to deep-rooted categories when referring to assessments of good and bad language. In contrast, an evaluation system for L2 Icelandic has not yet been fully formed. Nevertheless, outcomes of this study indicate that language use of L2 speakers is less harshly judged than that of L1 speakers. In addition, results suggest that perceptions of listener effort, speaker effort, and ideas about geographic/linguistic origin of a speaker influence assessment of foreign-accented speech.Oft er litið svo á að sérstakt „málloftslag“ ríki á Íslandi sem einkennist að einsleitni í máli, tiltölulega íhaldssömum viðhorfum til þess og sterkri málstefnu. Ísland var lengi eintyngt samfélag og íslenskan er oft talin vera helsta sameiningartákn Íslendinga. Á undanförnum árum hefur innflytjendum fjölgað mikið og tala sífellt fleiri íbúar hér á landi annað mál en íslensku eða íslensku með erlendum hreim. Í ljósi þess hefur þessi ritgerð það að markmiði að kanna viðhorf innfæddra Íslendinga til stöðu íslensku og erlends hreims og skoða þá þætti sem liggja á bak við þau viðhorf. Tekið er tillit til þeirra rótgrónu hugmynda sem hafa legið til grundvallar mati á máli þeirra sem hafa íslensku að móðurmáli og hafa myndað stöðugt matskerfi. Rannsókn þessi er framkvæmd með eigindlegum aðferðum og nýtir sér hugtök og aðferðir alþýðumálfræði (e. folk linguistics). Skipulögð voru fimm rýnihópaviðtöl með þrjátíu og tveimur þátttakendum þar sem stuðst var við hálfstaðlaðan spurningalista. Auk almennrar umræðu um afstöðu til íslensku og breytileika í íslensku voru sex upptökur spilaðar fyrir þátttakendurna og þeir beðnir um að meta þær. Í upptökunum voru fimm einstaklingar með íslensku sem annað mál og einn móðurmálshafi fengnir til að lesa upp sama textann, sem var stuttur og málfræðilega tækur. Auk viðtalanna var heimskort lagt fyrir þátttakendurna og þeir látnir merkja það svæði sem þeir héldu að viðkomandi væri frá. Þátttakendurnir gerðu svo ítarlega grein fyrir ákvörðunum sínum og ræddu mismunandi þemu tengd hugmyndum um íslensku, innfædda og talaða með hreim. Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar hafa leitt í ljós að kerfið sem liggur til grundvallar mati á íslensku innfæddra byggist á því að þátttakendur grípa til rótgróinna hugmynda um gott og miður gott mál. Á hinn bóginn benda niðurstöður þessarar rannsóknar til þess að ekki hafi (enn) mótast matskerfi fyrir íslensku sem annað mál, þ.m.t. íslensku með erlendum hreim. Engu að síður gefa niðurstöðurnar til kynna að málnotkun innfæddra Íslendinga sé metin harkalegar en íslenska þeirra sem hafa hana sem annað mál. Þar að auki benda niðurstöðurnar til að skynjun tiltekinna þátta á borð við skynjaðan skiljanleika (e. listener effort), viðleitni talandans og hugmyndir um uppruna talandans hafi áhrif á mat á erlendum hreim.This study was supported by the Icelandic Research Fund, grant no. 152145-051, The University of Iceland Research Fund and Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes
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