19,604 research outputs found
Patient reported outcome measures in the recovery of adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review
Symptomatic and functional recovery are important patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) that are increasingly used as trial endpoints. This systematic review summarises the literature on PROMs in CAP.Comprehensive searches in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement were conducted to March 2017. Eligible studies included adults discharged from hospital following confirmed CAP and reporting PROMs.Fifteen studies (n=5644 patients) were included; most of moderate quality. Studies used a wide range of PROMs and assessment tools. At 4-6 weeksâ post-discharge, the commonest symptom reported was fatigue (45% to 72.6% of patients, 3 studies), followed by cough (35.3% to 69.7%) and dyspnoea (34.2% to 67.1%), corresponding values from studies restricted by ag
Laryngological presentations and patient-reported outcome measures in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to characterise the laryngological presentations of EhlersâDanlos syndrome and
conduct a preliminary exploration of patient-reported outcome measures.
METHODS:
This paper describes a retrospective case series of patients with EhlersâDanlos syndrome seen by
the senior author between 2005 and 2019. A literature review was conducted to summarise the existing
findings.
RESULTS:
Twenty-one patients met the inclusion criteria. All reported symptoms were grouped; this showed
that swallowing, voice and hyolaryngeal skeletal complex problems were commonest. Patient-reported
outcome measures were available for eight patients, which showed large variations in: the Reflux Severity
Index (median = 25.5; range = 0â33), Eating Assessment Tool score (median = 21.5; range = 0â35) and
Voice Handicap Index (median = 21.5; range = 0â104). Twelve studies met our literature review inclusion
criteria, involving at least 91 patients with laryngological presentations of EhlersâDanlos syndrome.
CONCLUSION:
EhlersâDanlos syndrome patients experience musculoskeletal issues, which in the throat
manifest as hyolaryngeal skeletal complex problems. Future studies with larger patient numbers are required
to validate laryngological patient-reported outcome measure tools in EhlersâDanlos syndrome
Patient-reported outcome measures after periodontal surgery
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to explore the impact of different periodontal surgical treatments on the quality of life and postoperative morbidity.Materials and methodsThe present study is a single-center, prospective, observational cohort trial. One hundred fifty-five patients, referred to the Periodontal Department of Bologna University who needed periodontal surgical treatment, were recruited. The self-reported perception of the postoperative course was assessed using the following anonymous questionnaires: Italian oral health impact profile (I-OHIP-14), visual analog scale (VAS) to evaluate the intensity of the pain, and 5-point Likert scale.ResultsPatients reported a mean OHIP-14 total score of 9.87 +/- 8.5 (range 0-42), significantly influenced by the female sex, flap extension, and periodontal dressing. A mean VAS score of 2.96 +/- 2.39 (range 0-9) was calculated, and was found to be influenced by the presence of vertical releasing incisions and palatal flap extension. Of the 155 subjects, 40 (25.8%) patients reported bleeding as a post-surgical complication, 96 (61.9%) swelling, 105 (67.7%) eating discomfort, and 44 (28.4%) reported speech discomfort.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the nature of the present study, periodontal surgical procedures have a low impact on patients' quality of life evaluated through the OHIP-14 and VAS pain questionnaires.Clinical relevancePeriodontal surgical procedures are safe procedures, with a limited duration of postoperative discomfort as well as the incidence of complications
Patient-reported outcome measures for asthma:a systematic review
BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are measures of the outcome of treatment(s) reported directly by the patient or carer. There is increasing international policy interest in using these to assess the impact of clinical care. AIMS: To identify suitably validated PROMs for asthma and examine their potential for use in clinical settings. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases from 1990 onwards to identify PROMs for asthma. These were critically appraised, then narratively synthesised. We also identified the generic PROMs commonly used alongside asthma-specific PROMs. RESULTS: We identifi ed 68 PROMs for asthma, 13 of which were selected through screening as being adequately developed to warrant full-quality appraisal: 8 for adults, 4 for children and 1 for a child's caregiver. The PROMs found to be sufficiently well validated to offer promise for use in clinical settings were the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and mini-AQLQ for adults, and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire for children. Rhinasthma was considered promising in simultaneously assessing the impact of asthma and rhinitis in those with coexistent disease. We identified 28 generic PROMs commonly used in conjunction with asthma-specific instruments. CONCLUSIONS: We identified asthma PROMs that offer the greatest potential for use in clinical settings. Further work is needed to assess whether these are fit-for-purpose for use in clinical practice with individual patients. In particular, there is a need to ensure these are validated for use in clinical settings, acceptable to patients, caregivers and clinicians, and yield meaningful outcomes. © 2014 Primary Care Respiratory Society/Macmillan Publishers Limited
Improving patient-reported outcome measures through visual analytics
In this thesis the important role of visual analytics will be presented as it offers a better
understanding of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS). PROMS differ from
the well-known medical measures, which are objective and quantitative such as blood
pressure or blood levels among others, as they are questionnaires that assess aspects
of patientsâ quality of life. The correct use of these data provides an improvement in
healthcare practices, but this remains a research challenge. To fix the problem, the KNoVA
project uses these data described from clinical trials, especially in an eye disease called
Uveitis. The methodology of Visual Analytics in tackling this problem, and the design
and evaluation performed in a prototype are discussed in detail. Intermediary results with
Visual Analytics experts show promising uses of the developed solution.En esta tesis se presentarĂĄ el importante papel de la AnalĂtica Visual, ya que ofrece una
mejor comprensiĂłn de las medidas de resultados comunicadas por los pacientes (PROMS).
Las PROMS se diferencian de las conocidas medidas médicas, que son objetivas y cuantitativas
como la presiĂłn arterial o los niveles de sangre entre otras, ya que son cuestionarios
que evalĂșan aspectos de la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El uso correcto de estos
datos proporciona una mejora en las prĂĄcticas sanitarias, pero esto sigue siendo un reto
para la investigaciĂłn. Para solucionar el problema, el proyecto KNoVA utiliza estos datos
descritos a partir de ensayos clĂnicos, especialmente en una enfermedad ocular llamada
Uveitis. La metodologĂa de AnalĂtica Visual que se usa para abordar este problema, asĂ
como el diseño y la evaluación realizados en un prototipo se discuten en detalle. Los resultados
intermedios con expertos en Visual Analytics muestran usos prometedores de la
soluciĂłn desarrollada.En aquesta tesi es presentarĂ lâimportant paper de lâAnalĂtica Visual, ja que ofereix una
millor comprensiĂł de les mesures de resultats comunicades pels pacients (PROMS). Les
PROMS es diferencien de les conegudes mesures mĂšdiques, que sĂłn objectives i quantitatives
com la pressiĂł arterial o els nivells de sang entre dâaltres, ja que sĂłn qĂŒestionaris
que avaluen aspectes de la qualitat de vida dels pacients. Lâus correcte dâaquestes dades
proporciona una millora en les prĂ ctiques sanitĂ ries, perĂČ aixĂČ segueix sent un repte per
a la investigaciĂł. Per solucionar el problema, el projecte KNoVA utilitza aquestes dades
descrites a partir dâassajos clĂnics, especialment en una malaltia ocular anomenada uveĂŻtis.
La metodologia dâAnalĂtica Visual que sâutilitza per abordar aquest problema, aixĂ com
el disseny i lâavaluaciĂł realitzats en un prototip es discuteixen en detall. Els resultats
intermedis amb experts en AnalĂtica Visual mostren usos prometedors de la soluciĂł de-
senvolupada
Patient-reported outcome measures in presbyopia: a literature review
Presbyopia is the age-related loss of near-distance focusing ability. The aim of this study was to identify patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used in clinical trials and quality-of-life studies conducted in individuals with presbyopia and to assess their suitability for use in individuals with phakic presbyopia. Literature searches were performed in Medline and Embase up until October 2017. Specific search terms were used to identify presbyopia studies that included a PROM. All clinical trials with PROM-supported endpoints in presbyopia were identified on ClinicalTrials.gov. Further searches were conducted to retrieve articles documenting the development and psychometric evaluation of the PROMs identified. A total of 703 records were identified; 120 were selected for full-text review. Twenty-one clinical trials employed PROMs to support a primary or secondary endpoint. In total, 13 PROMs were identified; a further 23 publications pertaining to the development and validation of these measures were retrieved. Most PROMs were developed prior to release of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2009 patient-reported outcome guidance and did not satisfy regulatory standards. The Near Activity Visual Questionnaire (NAVQ) was identified as the most appropriate for assessing near-vision functioning in presbyopia. While the NAVQ was developed in line with the FDA guidance, the items do not reflect changes in technology that have occurred since the questionnaire was developed in 2008 (eg, the increase in smartphone use), and the measure was not validated in a purely phakic presbyopia sample. Further research is ongoing to refine the NAVQ to support trial endpoints related to changes in near-vision functioning associated with phakic presbyopia
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