Partially Lazy Classification of Cardiovascular Risk via Multi-way Graph Cut Optimization

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is considered a leading cause of human mortality with rising trends worldwide. Therefore, early identification of seemingly healthy subjects at risk is a priority. For this purpose, we propose a novel classification algorithm that provides a sound individual risk prediction, based on a non-invasive assessment of retinal vascular function. so-called lazy classification methods offer reduced time complexity by saving model construction time and better adapting to newly available instances, when compared to well-known eager methodS. Lazy methods are widely used due to their simplicity and competitive performance. However, traditional lazy approaches are more vulnerable to noise and outliers, due to their full reliance on the instances' local neighbourhood for classification. In this work, a learning method based on Graph Cut Optimization called GCO mine is proposed, which considers both the local arrangements and the global structure of the data, resulting in improved performance relative to traditional lazy methodS. We compare GCO mine coupled with genetic algorithms (hGCO mine) with established lazy and eager algorithms to predict cardiovascular risk based on Retinal Vessel Analysis (RVA) data. The highest accuracy of 99.52% is achieved by hGCO mine. The performance of GCO mine is additionally demonstrated on 12 benchmark medical datasets from the UCI repository. In 8 out of 12 datasets, GCO mine outperforms its counterpartS. GCO mine is recommended for studies where new instances are expected to be acquired over time, as it saves model creation time and allows for better generalization compared to state of the art methodS

JENIS-JENIS KESULITAN BELAJAR DAN FAKTOR PENYEBABNYA SEBUAH KAJIAN KOMPEREHENSIF PADA SISWA SMK MUHAMMADIYAH TEGAL

Kesulitan belajar merupakan kondisi saat siswa mengalami hambatan-hambatan tertentu untuk mengikuti proses pembelajaran dan mencapai hasil belajar secara optimal. Kesulitan belajar yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini dibatasi pada definisi kesulitan belajar akademik  yaitu kesulitan siswa dalam mencapai prestasi atau kemampuan akademik dimana dalam hal ini siswa memiliki intelegensi tidak dibawah rata-rata namun mendapatkan prestasi belajar rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan belajar yang dihadapi siswa serta mengetahui penyebab siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar. Adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa di SMK Muhammadiyah Kota Tegal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kesulitan-kesulitan belajar siswa merupakan kesulitan yang bersifat komunal atau kolektif dirasakan oleh sebagian siswa. Kesulitan belajar erat kaitannya dengan interaksi sosial dalam proses belajar dan mengajar. Faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar yaitu: Suasana belajar kurang mendukung, landasan belajar yang kurang kuat, lingkungan belajar kurang kondusif, perancangan pengajaran dan penyampaian materi pelajaran