8,585 research outputs found
ResOT: Resource-Efficient Oblique Trees for Neural Signal Classification
Classifiers that can be implemented on chip with minimal computational and
memory resources are essential for edge computing in emerging applications such
as medical and IoT devices. This paper introduces a machine learning model
based on oblique decision trees to enable resource-efficient classification on
a neural implant. By integrating model compression with probabilistic routing
and implementing cost-aware learning, our proposed model could significantly
reduce the memory and hardware cost compared to state-of-the-art models, while
maintaining the classification accuracy. We trained the resource-efficient
oblique tree with power-efficient regularization (ResOT-PE) on three neural
classification tasks to evaluate the performance, memory, and hardware
requirements. On seizure detection task, we were able to reduce the model size
by 3.4X and the feature extraction cost by 14.6X compared to the ensemble of
boosted trees, using the intracranial EEG from 10 epilepsy patients. In a
second experiment, we tested the ResOT-PE model on tremor detection for
Parkinson's disease, using the local field potentials from 12 patients
implanted with a deep-brain stimulation (DBS) device. We achieved a comparable
classification performance as the state-of-the-art boosted tree ensemble, while
reducing the model size and feature extraction cost by 10.6X and 6.8X,
respectively. We also tested on a 6-class finger movement detection task using
ECoG recordings from 9 subjects, reducing the model size by 17.6X and feature
computation cost by 5.1X. The proposed model can enable a low-power and
memory-efficient implementation of classifiers for real-time neurological
disease detection and motor decoding
JUNO Conceptual Design Report
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is proposed to determine
the neutrino mass hierarchy using an underground liquid scintillator detector.
It is located 53 km away from both Yangjiang and Taishan Nuclear Power Plants
in Guangdong, China. The experimental hall, spanning more than 50 meters, is
under a granite mountain of over 700 m overburden. Within six years of running,
the detection of reactor antineutrinos can resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy
at a confidence level of 3-4, and determine neutrino oscillation
parameters , , and to
an accuracy of better than 1%. The JUNO detector can be also used to study
terrestrial and extra-terrestrial neutrinos and new physics beyond the Standard
Model. The central detector contains 20,000 tons liquid scintillator with an
acrylic sphere of 35 m in diameter. 17,000 508-mm diameter PMTs with high
quantum efficiency provide 75% optical coverage. The current choice of
the liquid scintillator is: linear alkyl benzene (LAB) as the solvent, plus PPO
as the scintillation fluor and a wavelength-shifter (Bis-MSB). The number of
detected photoelectrons per MeV is larger than 1,100 and the energy resolution
is expected to be 3% at 1 MeV. The calibration system is designed to deploy
multiple sources to cover the entire energy range of reactor antineutrinos, and
to achieve a full-volume position coverage inside the detector. The veto system
is used for muon detection, muon induced background study and reduction. It
consists of a Water Cherenkov detector and a Top Tracker system. The readout
system, the detector control system and the offline system insure efficient and
stable data acquisition and processing.Comment: 328 pages, 211 figure
Application of solar energy to air conditioning systems
The results of a survey of solar energy system applications of air conditioning are summarized. Techniques discussed are both solar powered (absorption cycle and the heat engine/Rankine cycle) and solar related (heat pump). Brief descriptions of the physical implications of various air conditioning techniques, discussions of status, proposed technological improvements, methods of utilization and simulation models are presented, along with an extensive bibliography of related literature
Baseband analog front-end and digital back-end for reconfigurable multi-standard terminals
Multimedia applications are driving wireless network operators to add high-speed data services such as Edge (E-GPRS), WCDMA (UMTS) and WLAN (IEEE 802.11a,b,g) to the existing GSM network. This creates the need for multi-mode cellular handsets that support a wide range of communication standards, each with a different RF frequency, signal bandwidth, modulation scheme etc. This in turn generates several design challenges for the analog and digital building blocks of the physical layer. In addition to the above-mentioned protocols, mobile devices often include Bluetooth, GPS, FM-radio and TV services that can work concurrently with data and voice communication. Multi-mode, multi-band, and multi-standard mobile terminals must satisfy all these different requirements. Sharing and/or switching transceiver building blocks in these handsets is mandatory in order to extend battery life and/or reduce cost. Only adaptive circuits that are able to reconfigure themselves within the handover time can meet the design requirements of a single receiver or transmitter covering all the different standards while ensuring seamless inter-interoperability. This paper presents analog and digital base-band circuits that are able to support GSM (with Edge), WCDMA (UMTS), WLAN and Bluetooth using reconfigurable building blocks. The blocks can trade off power consumption for performance on the fly, depending on the standard to be supported and the required QoS (Quality of Service) leve
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