A Novel Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Parking Space Guidance

An evolutionary approach of parking space guidance based upon a novel Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization (CPSO) algorithm is proposed. In the newly proposed CPSO algorithm, the chaotic dynamics is combined into the position updating rules of Particle Swarm Optimization to improve the diversity of solutions and to avoid being trapped in the local optima. This novel approach, that combines the strengths of Particle Swarm Optimization and chaotic dynamics, is then applied into the route optimization (RO) problem of parking lots, which is an important issue in the management systems of large-scale parking lots. It is used to find out the optimized paths between any source and destination nodes in the route network. Route optimization problems based on real parking lots are introduced for analyzing and the effectiveness and practicability of this novel optimization algorithm for parking space guidance have been verified through the application results

A Survey of Smart Parking Solutions

International audienceConsidering the increase of urban population and traffic congestion, smart parking is always a strategic issue to work on, not only in the research field but also from economic interests. Thanks to information and communication technology evolution, drivers can more efficiently find satisfying parking spaces with smart parking services. The existing and ongoing works on smart parking are complicated and transdisciplinary. While deploying a smart parking system, cities, as well as urban engineers, need to spend a very long time to survey and inspect all the possibilities. Moreover, many varied works involve multiple disciplines, which are closely linked and inseparable. To give a clear overview, we introduce a smart parking ecosystem and propose a comprehensive and thoughtful classification by identifying their functionalities and problematic focuses. We go through the literature over the period of 2000-2016 on parking solutions as they were applied to smart parking development and evolution, and propose three macro-themes: information collection, system deployment, and service dissemination. In each macro-theme, we explain and synthesize the main methodologies used in the existing works and summarize their common goals and visions to solve current parking difficulties. Lastly, we give our engineering insights and show some challenges and open issues. Our survey gives an exhaustive study and a prospect in a multidisciplinary approach. Besides, the main findings of the current state-of-the-art throw out recommendations for future research on smart cities and the Internet architecture

Optimized combination model and algorithm of parking guidance information configuration

Operators of parking guidance and information (PGI) systems often have difficulty in providing the best car park availability information to drivers in periods of high demand. A new PGI configuration model based on the optimized combination method was proposed by analyzing of parking choice behavior. This article first describes a parking choice behavioral model incorporating drivers perceptions of waiting times at car parks based on PGI signs. This model was used to predict the influence of PGI signs on the overall performance of the traffic system. Then relationships were developed for estimating the arrival rates at car parks based on driver characteristics, car park attributes as well as the car park availability information displayed on PGI signs. A mathematical program was formulated to determine the optimal display PGI sign configuration to minimize total travel time. A genetic algorithm was used to identify solutions that significantly reduced queue lengths and total travel time compared with existing practices. These procedures were applied to an existing PGI system operating in Deqing Town and Xiuning City. Significant reductions in total travel time of parking vehicles with PGI being configured. This would reduce traffic congestion and lead to various environmental benefits.This item is part of the UA Faculty Publications collection. For more information this item or other items in the UA Campus Repository, contact the University of Arizona Libraries at [email protected]

MODEL OF COOPERATIVE APPROACH TO PARKING GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

Trend rasta i migracije stanovništva u gradska središta te kontinuirano povećanje broja motornih vozila uzrokuju prometne gužve i zagušenja u većini velikih svjetskih gradova. Jedan od prepoznatih uzroka navedenog negativnog učinka je kruženje u potrazi za raspoloživim parkirališnim mjestom koji ne samo da doprinosi ukupnoj količini zagušenja u gradskim centrima već utječe na količinu vremena koje vozači bespotrebno provode u vozilu, razinu stresa vozača, količinu emisije štetnih plinova, te indirektno na zdravlje i sigurnost svih živih bića. U svrhu otklanjanja problema izazvanim kruženjem u potrazi za raspoloživim parkirališnim mjestom, odnosno zagušenjem, provode se različite metode i pristupi. Prije svega su to odgovarajuće strategije i politike koje se donose s ciljem uređenja postojećeg stanja i demotiviranja dijela stanovništva čiji dolazak u gradski centar nije nužan. Drugi su načini, kojima se u ovome radu posvećuje najveća pažnja, inteligentni parkirališni sustavi. Inteligentni parkirni sustavi se koriste za upućivanje vozača na raspoloživa parkirališna mjesta i pružanje informacija o njihovim karakteristikama. Redovito se koriste i za rezervaciju i naplatu parkiranja, no u najvećem broju slučajeva bili su vezani isključivo za zatvorena parkirališta i garaže. Tehnološkim napretkom i razvojem inteligentnih osjetila postalo je moguće kontrolirati i ulična parkirališna mjesta što se u ovome radu posebno ističe. U radu je analiziran klasičan model traženja raspoloživog parkirališnog mjesta, a zatim je predložen napredni model upućivanja na raspoloživa parkirališna mjesta upotrebom kooperativnog pristupa. Izrađen je simulacijski model predloženog naprednog sustava i ispitani su pokazatelji uspješnosti za četiri različita scenarija u slučaju s i bez zagušenja prometnog toka. Provedena simulacija pokazala je sve prednosti ovakvog sustava u odnosu na klasičan pristup i istaknuti su vodeći čimbenici njegove učinkovitosti.The growth trend and the trend of population migration into city centers, as well as the continuous increase in the number of motor vehicles cause traffic jams and congestions in most major cities in the world. One of the identified factors of the above mentioned negative effect is the circling in search of available parking space, which not only contributes to the total amount of congestion in city centers, but also affects the amount of time that drivers spend unnecessarily in vehicle, the stress level of drivers, the amount of emissions, and, indirectly, the health and safety of living beings. In order to eliminate the problems caused by the circling in search of available parking space, i.e. by the congestion, the different methods and approaches are implemented. First of all, these are the appropriate strategies and policies that are made in order to regulate the existing situation and to demotivate the arrival of part of the population in the city center, which does not represent a necessity. Another way to eliminate the above problem, which is the most emphasized in this paper, is represented by the intelligent parking systems. Intelligent parking systems are used to guide the driver to the available parking space and to provide the information on the characteristics of the same. Regularly they are also used for parking reservation and payment, but in most cases they were related exclusively to closed parking lots and garages. With the technological progress and the development of intelligent sensors it has become possible to even control street parking spaces, which is especially emphasized in this paper. Furthermore, the classic model of search of available parking spaces is analyzed, and then the advanced model of guidance to available parking spaces using a cooperative approach is proposed. The simulation model of the proposed advanced system is developed and indicators of effectivness for four different scenarious in the cases with and without traffic congestion are examined. The simulation analysis presents the advantages of this system compared to the classical approach and main factors of its effectiveness are highlighted

MODEL OF COOPERATIVE APPROACH TO PARKING GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

Trend rasta i migracije stanovništva u gradska središta te kontinuirano povećanje broja motornih vozila uzrokuju prometne gužve i zagušenja u većini velikih svjetskih gradova. Jedan od prepoznatih uzroka navedenog negativnog učinka je kruženje u potrazi za raspoloživim parkirališnim mjestom koji ne samo da doprinosi ukupnoj količini zagušenja u gradskim centrima već utječe na količinu vremena koje vozači bespotrebno provode u vozilu, razinu stresa vozača, količinu emisije štetnih plinova, te indirektno na zdravlje i sigurnost svih živih bića. U svrhu otklanjanja problema izazvanim kruženjem u potrazi za raspoloživim parkirališnim mjestom, odnosno zagušenjem, provode se različite metode i pristupi. Prije svega su to odgovarajuće strategije i politike koje se donose s ciljem uređenja postojećeg stanja i demotiviranja dijela stanovništva čiji dolazak u gradski centar nije nužan. Drugi su načini, kojima se u ovome radu posvećuje najveća pažnja, inteligentni parkirališni sustavi. Inteligentni parkirni sustavi se koriste za upućivanje vozača na raspoloživa parkirališna mjesta i pružanje informacija o njihovim karakteristikama. Redovito se koriste i za rezervaciju i naplatu parkiranja, no u najvećem broju slučajeva bili su vezani isključivo za zatvorena parkirališta i garaže. Tehnološkim napretkom i razvojem inteligentnih osjetila postalo je moguće kontrolirati i ulična parkirališna mjesta što se u ovome radu posebno ističe. U radu je analiziran klasičan model traženja raspoloživog parkirališnog mjesta, a zatim je predložen napredni model upućivanja na raspoloživa parkirališna mjesta upotrebom kooperativnog pristupa. Izrađen je simulacijski model predloženog naprednog sustava i ispitani su pokazatelji uspješnosti za četiri različita scenarija u slučaju s i bez zagušenja prometnog toka. Provedena simulacija pokazala je sve prednosti ovakvog sustava u odnosu na klasičan pristup i istaknuti su vodeći čimbenici njegove učinkovitosti.The growth trend and the trend of population migration into city centers, as well as the continuous increase in the number of motor vehicles cause traffic jams and congestions in most major cities in the world. One of the identified factors of the above mentioned negative effect is the circling in search of available parking space, which not only contributes to the total amount of congestion in city centers, but also affects the amount of time that drivers spend unnecessarily in vehicle, the stress level of drivers, the amount of emissions, and, indirectly, the health and safety of living beings. In order to eliminate the problems caused by the circling in search of available parking space, i.e. by the congestion, the different methods and approaches are implemented. First of all, these are the appropriate strategies and policies that are made in order to regulate the existing situation and to demotivate the arrival of part of the population in the city center, which does not represent a necessity. Another way to eliminate the above problem, which is the most emphasized in this paper, is represented by the intelligent parking systems. Intelligent parking systems are used to guide the driver to the available parking space and to provide the information on the characteristics of the same. Regularly they are also used for parking reservation and payment, but in most cases they were related exclusively to closed parking lots and garages. With the technological progress and the development of intelligent sensors it has become possible to even control street parking spaces, which is especially emphasized in this paper. Furthermore, the classic model of search of available parking spaces is analyzed, and then the advanced model of guidance to available parking spaces using a cooperative approach is proposed. The simulation model of the proposed advanced system is developed and indicators of effectivness for four different scenarious in the cases with and without traffic congestion are examined. The simulation analysis presents the advantages of this system compared to the classical approach and main factors of its effectiveness are highlighted

MODEL OF COOPERATIVE APPROACH TO PARKING GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

Trend rasta i migracije stanovništva u gradska središta te kontinuirano povećanje broja motornih vozila uzrokuju prometne gužve i zagušenja u većini velikih svjetskih gradova. Jedan od prepoznatih uzroka navedenog negativnog učinka je kruženje u potrazi za raspoloživim parkirališnim mjestom koji ne samo da doprinosi ukupnoj količini zagušenja u gradskim centrima već utječe na količinu vremena koje vozači bespotrebno provode u vozilu, razinu stresa vozača, količinu emisije štetnih plinova, te indirektno na zdravlje i sigurnost svih živih bića. U svrhu otklanjanja problema izazvanim kruženjem u potrazi za raspoloživim parkirališnim mjestom, odnosno zagušenjem, provode se različite metode i pristupi. Prije svega su to odgovarajuće strategije i politike koje se donose s ciljem uređenja postojećeg stanja i demotiviranja dijela stanovništva čiji dolazak u gradski centar nije nužan. Drugi su načini, kojima se u ovome radu posvećuje najveća pažnja, inteligentni parkirališni sustavi. Inteligentni parkirni sustavi se koriste za upućivanje vozača na raspoloživa parkirališna mjesta i pružanje informacija o njihovim karakteristikama. Redovito se koriste i za rezervaciju i naplatu parkiranja, no u najvećem broju slučajeva bili su vezani isključivo za zatvorena parkirališta i garaže. Tehnološkim napretkom i razvojem inteligentnih osjetila postalo je moguće kontrolirati i ulična parkirališna mjesta što se u ovome radu posebno ističe. U radu je analiziran klasičan model traženja raspoloživog parkirališnog mjesta, a zatim je predložen napredni model upućivanja na raspoloživa parkirališna mjesta upotrebom kooperativnog pristupa. Izrađen je simulacijski model predloženog naprednog sustava i ispitani su pokazatelji uspješnosti za četiri različita scenarija u slučaju s i bez zagušenja prometnog toka. Provedena simulacija pokazala je sve prednosti ovakvog sustava u odnosu na klasičan pristup i istaknuti su vodeći čimbenici njegove učinkovitosti.The growth trend and the trend of population migration into city centers, as well as the continuous increase in the number of motor vehicles cause traffic jams and congestions in most major cities in the world. One of the identified factors of the above mentioned negative effect is the circling in search of available parking space, which not only contributes to the total amount of congestion in city centers, but also affects the amount of time that drivers spend unnecessarily in vehicle, the stress level of drivers, the amount of emissions, and, indirectly, the health and safety of living beings. In order to eliminate the problems caused by the circling in search of available parking space, i.e. by the congestion, the different methods and approaches are implemented. First of all, these are the appropriate strategies and policies that are made in order to regulate the existing situation and to demotivate the arrival of part of the population in the city center, which does not represent a necessity. Another way to eliminate the above problem, which is the most emphasized in this paper, is represented by the intelligent parking systems. Intelligent parking systems are used to guide the driver to the available parking space and to provide the information on the characteristics of the same. Regularly they are also used for parking reservation and payment, but in most cases they were related exclusively to closed parking lots and garages. With the technological progress and the development of intelligent sensors it has become possible to even control street parking spaces, which is especially emphasized in this paper. Furthermore, the classic model of search of available parking spaces is analyzed, and then the advanced model of guidance to available parking spaces using a cooperative approach is proposed. The simulation model of the proposed advanced system is developed and indicators of effectivness for four different scenarious in the cases with and without traffic congestion are examined. The simulation analysis presents the advantages of this system compared to the classical approach and main factors of its effectiveness are highlighted