3,564 research outputs found
Graph Spectral Image Processing
Recent advent of graph signal processing (GSP) has spurred intensive studies
of signals that live naturally on irregular data kernels described by graphs
(e.g., social networks, wireless sensor networks). Though a digital image
contains pixels that reside on a regularly sampled 2D grid, if one can design
an appropriate underlying graph connecting pixels with weights that reflect the
image structure, then one can interpret the image (or image patch) as a signal
on a graph, and apply GSP tools for processing and analysis of the signal in
graph spectral domain. In this article, we overview recent graph spectral
techniques in GSP specifically for image / video processing. The topics covered
include image compression, image restoration, image filtering and image
segmentation
Discriminative Transfer Learning for General Image Restoration
Recently, several discriminative learning approaches have been proposed for
effective image restoration, achieving convincing trade-off between image
quality and computational efficiency. However, these methods require separate
training for each restoration task (e.g., denoising, deblurring, demosaicing)
and problem condition (e.g., noise level of input images). This makes it
time-consuming and difficult to encompass all tasks and conditions during
training. In this paper, we propose a discriminative transfer learning method
that incorporates formal proximal optimization and discriminative learning for
general image restoration. The method requires a single-pass training and
allows for reuse across various problems and conditions while achieving an
efficiency comparable to previous discriminative approaches. Furthermore, after
being trained, our model can be easily transferred to new likelihood terms to
solve untrained tasks, or be combined with existing priors to further improve
image restoration quality
Efficient SDP Inference for Fully-connected CRFs Based on Low-rank Decomposition
Conditional Random Fields (CRF) have been widely used in a variety of
computer vision tasks. Conventional CRFs typically define edges on neighboring
image pixels, resulting in a sparse graph such that efficient inference can be
performed. However, these CRFs fail to model long-range contextual
relationships. Fully-connected CRFs have thus been proposed. While there are
efficient approximate inference methods for such CRFs, usually they are
sensitive to initialization and make strong assumptions. In this work, we
develop an efficient, yet general algorithm for inference on fully-connected
CRFs. The algorithm is based on a scalable SDP algorithm and the low- rank
approximation of the similarity/kernel matrix. The core of the proposed
algorithm is a tailored quasi-Newton method that takes advantage of the
low-rank matrix approximation when solving the specialized SDP dual problem.
Experiments demonstrate that our method can be applied on fully-connected CRFs
that cannot be solved previously, such as pixel-level image co-segmentation.Comment: 15 pages. A conference version of this work appears in Proc. IEEE
Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 201
A signal conditioning approach for the extraction of the oscillatory petential from the electroretinogram
The oscillatory potential (OP), a signal component of the electroretinogram (ERG), was investigated to determine correlation of the OP and pathological conditions of the inner retina. Large transients characterize the ERG. Such transients stimulate a filter\u27s natural response. Since these responses can co-occur with the OP, a distorted OP will be extracted. A proposed signal windowing and padding technique for conditioning the ERG signal has been implemented for the extraction of a ntnimally distorted OP.
Windowing is used to capture only the OP period. The windowed ERG signal is then signal conditioned to generate initial values for the filter\u27s state variables. Such correct initial conditions eliminate the perturbations created from filtering the windowed ERG. OPs were successfully extracted from a database of fifty human ERGs. The extracted OPs did not display any filter-induced oscillations and did provide some indication of the retina\u27s pathology
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