The use of cement leftovers from the hollow of spun piles as an additive in self-compacting concrete

Spun piles have been used widely by developing countries, including Malaysia, to construct the foundation of most construction projects. A spun pile is a reinforced precast and prestressed concrete that is compacted in a mould through spinning compaction. The spinning compaction produces cement leftovers in the hollow part of spun piles that can be added to concrete mixtures as an additive. The cement leftovers of spun piles were used as an additive in cement in range of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% (equal percentages). The resulting compressive strength after curing periods of 7 days and 28 days were presented to investigate the properties of self-compacting concrete containing cement leftovers from the spun piles. Other properties investigated include the physical properties of fresh concrete and water absorption. The results indicated that higher compressive strength and lower water absorption were achieved by the concrete samples containing cement leftovers compared to controlled concrete

Exploring classification for sentiment analysis from halal based tweets

Globally, social media is gaining popularity and redefining how people interact with one another online. Malaysian individuals, for example, are increasingly reliant on social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter as well as LinkedIn, Pinterest, Instagram, and other similar sites. Consider sentiment analysis to be a sub-category of social listening. A social media sentiment analysis has uncovered the public's current feelings on a particular topic or brand. Sentiment analysis is a technique for characterizing and capturing emotional states from unstructured text. The most important part of sentiment analysis is to evaluate a body of text to comprehend the opinion expressed by it. It usually assigns a polarity of “positive”, “negative” or “neutral”. It uses an algorithmic technique to capture people's thoughts, sentiments, and emotions by incorporating Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning technology. Sentiment analysis in Malaysia's social media is challenging to perform since posts are frequently written in a mixed language, usage of English and Malay with embedded jargon and various district dialect. The classification was performed based on Malaysia halal certification scheme for each tweet to acquire the class label's frequency value based on the sentiment analysis process's polarity results. It will demonstrate social media users' proclivity for posting and can act as a reference point for users when making decisions. An analysis of amounted 500 tweets with the hashtag #sijilhalal elicited information regarding people's feelings, preconceptions, and attitudes toward various issues related to halal certification in Malaysia. The discovery of a person's emotions concerning halal topics is visualized. Muslims' views are of importance to #sijilhalal awareness

Pembangunan portal pendidikan teknik dan vokasional: satu kajian awal di kalangan Pelajar Sarjana PTV Jabatan Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji sejauh manakah keperJuan pelajar terhadap portal Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional (PTV). Sebuah portal PTV dibangunkan dalam kajian berasaskan produk ini. Sampel bagi kajian ini terdiri daripada pelajar sarjana pendidikan teknik dan vokasional, semester 3. Dapatan kajian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 10. Pada peringkat awal projek ini, keperluan pelajar terhadap portal PTV dikenal pasti. Selepas itu, ciri-ciri yang perlu dibangunkan dalam portal PTV dikenal pasti dengan menggunakan kaedah borang soal selidik. Satu portal PTV dibangunkan berdasarkan dapatan kajian tersebut. Pada peringkat akhir projek ini, penilaian dilakukan ke atas portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan. Tujuan penilaian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti sejauh manakah portal PTV ini memenuhi keperluan pelajar. Daripada dapatan kajian didapati portal PTV amat diperlukan oleh pelajar. Selain daripada itu, daripada dapatan kajian, portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan ini beryaya memenuhi keperluan pelajar. Cadangan untuk memperbaiki portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan ini diberi oleh responden. Kajian lanjutan patut dilakukan ke atas portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan bagi memperbaiki serta memumikan konsep reka bentuk dan pengurusan maklumat

Optimal forwarding routing protocol in ipv6-based wireless sensor network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is one of emerging technology nowadays. WSNs become very important and being used widely especially in embedded applications. Normally, these applications require numerous low cost, low power and low data sensor nodes that communicating over multiple hop to cover a large geographical area. Currently, a popular routing network protocol in WSNs is not compatible with IP-Based network _and can not provide Internet connection. It is because numerous sensor nodes is not practical for each one of them to be assigned with unique IP address due to limited IP address available in IPv4. Introduction of IPv6 will solve this issue. The objective of this research is to implement Optimal Forwarding routing protocol (OF) in IPv6-based WSNs and measure it performance in term of throughput. OF is one of routing protocol that can provides higher packet delivery ratio. The routing protocol will takes into account link quality, route cost and the receive signal strength of next hop sensor nodes in making routing decision in the network. In WSNs, TinyOS is the most widely used operating system. Thus, programming code of the OF routing protocol algorithm is written using NesC language, which is a high level programming language that emulates the syntax and functionality of hardware description languages, and provides components for communication, thread coordination, and hardware abstraction. Then, developed code is programmed into TelosB radio sensors boards in WSN test beds. TelosB consist of low power transceiver based on CC2420 ChipCon chips that employ IEEE 802.15.4 physical and MAC layers specifications. Here, actual performance of OF routing protocol is evaluated and compared with Greedy Forwarding and RIP routing protocol in WSN test bed. Later, OF routing protocol is implemented in temperature/humidity sensing application

Photo-degradation of renewable biopolymer blended with thermoplastic high density polyethylene (HDPE)

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is one type of thermoplastic with varies applications but non-biodegradable material while biopolymer (BP) is environmentally friendly and degradable materials. However, BP has poor mechanical characteristics and restrict their capacity for varying in applications. Therefore, in this study, HDPE was blended with BP in liquid and particle form to produce BPL/ BPP. The composition ratio of BP blended with HDPE were 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% wt/wt of BP. These BP, HDPE, BPL/ BPP with different percentages of loading then were exposed to different UV exposure (250h, 500h, 750h, 1000h, 2000h, and 3000h) to identify the photo-degradation process. The formation of functional group of urethane linkages and other absorption peak was identified by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Norrish I and Norrish II reaction was taking place that produced ketone, amide group and carboxylic acid when increase in UV irradiation exposure that identified the photo-degradation process occurs in BPL/ BPP. By increasing percentages of BP loading, Melt Flow Index (MFI) shows decreasing in results indicate good flowability and improved its processability. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) also shows a single peak of Tg indicated miscibility blending of BPL and BPP in all percentages of loading. BPL and BPP show higher tensile stress and hardness results as compared to BP. This is revealed the new blended polymer enhanced the mechanical properties of BP itself. Meanwhile, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of BP shows brittle fracture morphology while HDPE shows ductile fracture and BPL or BPP show ductile to brittle morphological structure due to increasing in percentages of BP loading. Ultimately, BPL30-3000h, spider-web-like structure appeared while for BPP30-3000h, revealed a fine lamellar type of structure. Hence, BPL/ BPP successfully produced, and photo-degradation process occur and having good mechanical properties as compared to single materials itself (BP or HDPE)

Optimal location of capacitor bank for power losses minimization

Power system consist of several components such are generations, transmission lines, distributions and loads. Each part consist of components that might encounter losses during their operations which then, can be divided into two categories: technical losses and non-technical losses. The main focus of this study is the technical losses that caused by the physical properties of components at transmission lines especially the MW loss and the Mvar loss. This thesis focused on the 9 Bus system analysis. Several studies have been conducted for this system which can be divided into two categories; The original setting ( stable system ) and the modified circuit for heavy loads setting where the loads capacity are increased to twice the value of the original setting. The purpose is to generate greater value of power losses. Thus, capacitor bank has been introduced to the system to minimize these losses. Several analysis have been done to determine the impact of installing the capacitor. Firstly, by varying the capacitor locations at all the busses in order to find the appropriate location of capacitor that might response to the power losses minimization the most. Record the MW losses and Mvar losses at each Busses and compare to the power losses of the original setting. This finally will show, which bus responses to the installed capacitor the most. Secondly, by varying the capacitor values installed at the effected bus in order to find the optimum range of the capacitor that will reduce Mvar losses the most. This Mvar range also can be calculated theoretically by applying an appropriate formula. The result is depending upon which capacitor value will decrease the power losses greatly. For acknowledgement, all the data and analysis are being done by the Powerworld Simulator Version 14 ( student version ). Finally, after completing all the analysis, the percentage of power losses reduction also can be determined theoretically . In fact, it can be concluded that many aspects to the capacitor compensation and its effects, depending on where capacitors get to be located, their sizes, and details of the distribution circuit

Kepimpinan autentik Mahathir Mohamad 1981-2003

Kepimpinan Mahathir sebagai Perdana Menteri Malaysia keempat menunjukkan prestasi yang cemerlang kerana berjaya melonjakkan martabat Malaysia ke satu tahap yang lebih tinggi. Malaysia berjaya menjadi sebuah negara bermasyarakat majmuk yang moden dan berkemajuan. Namun begitu, kecemerlangan kepimpinan beliau masih dipersoalkan oleh pihak tertentu yang tidak dapat memahami dan menerima pendekatan kepimpinan demokrasi terpimpin mengikut acuan sendiri yang dipraktikkan oleh beliau. Oleh itu, kajian ini berobjektif untuk mengenal pasti cabaran yang telah dihadapi, meneroka gaya interaksi yang dipraktikkan, serta menganalisis pengolahan pengaruh yang diaplikasikan oleh beliau untuk memahami kepimpinan beliau secara menyeluruh. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan kualitatif bereka bentuk kajian kes intrinsik. Data telah diperoleh melalui metod pengumpulan analisis dokumen terhadap sepuluh bab terpilih daripada autobiografi dan temu bual bersama lima informan utama yang dipilih. Kedua-dua sampel telah dipilih menggunakan pensampelan bertujuan. Kemudian, data telah dianalisis secara tematik berbantukan aplikasi Atlas.ti. Dapatan kajian menemukan Mahathir telah menghadapi cabaran keadaan negara dan rakyat yang rencam dan beraneka ragam tetapi dalam masa yang sama sedang berubah ke arah yang lebih baik. Beliau telah mempraktikkan gaya interaksi dan pengolahan pengaruh yang tersendiri dalam menghadapi cabaran tersebut. Pendekatan yang dipraktikkan telah mencerminkan tindakan kepimpinan yang menjadi kebiasaan beliau dalam berhadapan dengan sesuatu situasi. Oleh yang demikian, pendekatan tersebut telah menyerlahkan ketersendirian dan membuktikan keautentikan beliau sebagai seorang pemimpin. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian mengenengahkan kerangka model kepimpinan autentik Mahathir sebagai output yang menjelaskan pendekatan tersendiri yang telah dipraktikkan oleh beliau dalam menggerakkan dan mencorakkan kepimpinan untuk mencapai matlamat yang telah ditetapkan; membangunkan dan memodenkan negara dan rakyat. Keautentikan pendekatan kepimpinan dan pencapaian Mahathir menyebabkan beliau kekal unggul sebagai seorang negarawan Malaysia dan berada dalam liga yang tersendiri

Outer rotor wound field flux switching machine for In-wheel direct drive application

Nowadays the flux switching machines offer pivotal role in high speed applications. The flux sources (field excitation coil and armature winding or permanent magnet) are confined to the stator leaving rotor completely passive, and thus making the flux switching machine (FSM) more suitable for industrial applications. This paper emphasizes salient rotor pole and non-overlapping windings embedded in electrical machine design possess some pertinent features such as reduced copper losses, low-cost, and usage in high speed applications. The proposed design is analyzed for coil test analysis and flux linkage and torque. On the basis of the analysis performed, it is clear that 12-slot/13-pole has low cogging torque, high flux linkage, and maximum torque, compared with other topologies of outer rotor field excitation FSM. A deterministic optimization technique is adopted to enhance the performance of 12-slot/13-pole design. Further, finite element analysis (FEA) results are verified through Global Reluctance Network (GRN) methodology, which show close resemblance with error less than 1.2%. Hence, it validates the proposed design for outer rotor field excitation FSM direct drive application. The proposed design for hybrid electric vehicle torque characteristic is compared with existing interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) and 6-slot/7-pole wound field flux switching machine (WFFSM)

Advancements in Flux Switching Machine Optimization : Applications and Future Prospects

This work was supported by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission, U. K., under Grant Number: NGCN-180-2021Peer reviewe

Design optimization of single-phase inner-rotor and outer-rotor hybrid excitation flux switching machine for EV applications

Electric Vehicle (EV) is considered as an ultimate eco-friendly car and this is highly expected to be popularized in the future. One of the main candidates of electric machine for an EV drive is a flux switching machine (FSM). However, since the designed machine consists of three-phase complicated winding, the copper loss which contributes to efficiency of the machine is expected to be increased. Furthermore, the three-phase armature winding has a large area size of the total system. Due to the complicated three-phase armature winding that contribute to high copper losses, a single-phase inner-rotor and outer-rotor Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine (HEFSM) with much simpler structure and less armature coil consumption are introduced in this research. Various characteristics of HEFSM are investigated by analytical approaching based in finite element analysis using JMAG software. The project implementation of this research is divided into three parts including design, analyze and optimize. Firstly, the impact of a rotor pole number of the proposed is investigated for inner-rotor and outer-rotor configuration in order to determine the optimal performances of the rotor poles combinations. Then 8S-4P and 8S-8P HEFSM are chosen for optimization analysis. The combination of 8S-8P inner-rotor HEFSM have best performance with 284Nm maximum torque, 62.98kW maximum power and 90% efficiency. Then 8S-8P HEFSM have been compared with three-phase 12S-14P HEFSM in term of copper loss, weight and efficiency. As conclusion, the final design machine produce 12.45% less copper loss, 8.88% less weight and with almost similar efficiency compared to three-phase configuration