PRELIMINARY FINDINGS OF A POTENZIATED PIEZOSURGERGICAL DEVICE AT THE RABBIT SKULL

The number of available ultrasonic osteotomes has remarkably increased. In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed differences between conventional osteotomes, such as rotating or sawing devices, and ultrasound-supported osteotomes (Piezosurgery®) regarding the micromorphology and roughness values of osteotomized bone surfaces. Objective: the present study compares the micro-morphologies and roughness values of osteotomized bone surfaces after the application of rotating and sawing devices, Piezosurgery Medical® and Piezosurgery Medical New Generation Powerful Handpiece. Methods: Fresh, standard-sized bony samples were taken from a rabbit skull using the following osteotomes: rotating and sawing devices, Piezosurgery Medical® and a Piezosurgery Medical New Generation Powerful Handpiece. The required duration of time for each osteotomy was recorded. Micromorphologies and roughness values to characterize the bone surfaces following the different osteotomy methods were described. The prepared surfaces were examined via light microscopy, environmental surface electron microscopy (ESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and atomic force microscopy. The selective cutting of mineralized tissues while preserving adjacent soft tissue (dura mater and nervous tissue) was studied. Bone necrosis of the osteotomy sites and the vitality of the osteocytes near the sectional plane were investigated, as well as the proportion of apoptosis or cell degeneration. Results and Conclusions: The potential positive effects on bone healing and reossification associated with different devices were evaluated and the comparative analysis among the different devices used was performed, in order to determine the best osteotomes to be employed during cranio-facial surgery

Globalistics and Globalization Studies: Global Transformations and Global Future

The present volume is the fifth in the series of yearbooks with the title Globalistics and Globalization Studies. The subtitle of the present volume is Global Transformations and Global Future. We become more and more accustomed to think globally and to see global processes. And our future can all means be global. However, is this statement justified? Indeed, in recent years, many have begun to claim that globalization has stalled, that we are rather dealing with the process of anti-globalization. Will not we find ourselves at some point again in an edifice spanning across the globe, but divided into national apartments, separated by walls of high tariffs and mutual suspicion? Of course, some setbacks are always possible, because the process of globalization cannot develop smoothly. It is a process which is itself emerging from contradictions and is shaped by a new contradiction. They often go much further than underlying systemic changes allow. They break forward, as the vanguard of a victorious army, and then often meet resistance of various social and political forces and may suddenly start to roll back just at the moment when everyone expects their further offensive. We believe that this is what is happening with globalization at present. The yearbook will be interesting to a wide range of researchers, teachers, students and all those who are concerned about global issues

Agriculture, Trade, and Environment: Achieving Complementary Policies

This report provides information that can help align agricultural legislation with emerging needs and trends. Current policies do not ameliorate conflicts between agricultural production and environmental quality, between trade and the environment, and between agriculture and competitive trade

Abstracts from the 50th European Society of Human Genetics Conference: Posters

International audienc

Annual Report of the University, 1976-1977, Volumes 1-4

The University of New Mexico again fielded intercollegiate teams in 13 sports in 197&-77 school year. Two individuals won national championships. One athlete won an NCAA Postgraduate scholarship and seven Lobo athletes were accorded All America status. The total of all varsity athletics at UNM drew 411,906 spectators to home events. The basketball team ranked second in the nation in home attendance. Football attendance increased 18 per cent and season ticket sales for football jumped almost 50 per cent. The Lobo football team generated additional revenue by appearing on an ABC telecast against Brigham Young in Albuquerque in November

International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry 2014 Annual Report

IVS is an international collaboration of organizations which operate or support Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) components. The goals are: 1. To provide a service to support geodetic, geophysical and astrometric research and operational activities. 2. To promote research and development activities in all aspects of the geodetic and astrometric VLBI technique. 3. To interact with the community of users of VLBI products and to integrate VLBI into a global Earth observing system

Deciphering gene dysregulation in disease through population and functional genomics

Genetic discoveries have highlighted the role of gene expression dysregulation in both rare and common diseases. In particular, a large number of chromatin modifiers, transcription factors, and RNA-binding proteins have been implicated in neurodevelopmental diseases, including epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. Elucidating the disease mechanisms for these genes is challenging, as the encoded proteins often regulate thousands of downstream targets. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, we describe the use of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize a mouse model of HNRNPU-mediated epileptic encephalopathy. This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein, yet we demonstrate that reduction in its expression leads to cell type-specific transcriptomic defects. Specifically, excitatory neurons in a region of the hippocampus called the subiculum carried the strongest burden of differential gene expression. In Chapter 3, we use scRNA-seq to identify convergent molecular and transcriptomic features in four different organoid models of a cortical malformation called periventricular nodular heterotopia. In Chapter 4, we build on these successes to propose a high-throughput drug screening program for neurodevelopmental genes that encode regulators of gene expression. This approach—termed transcriptomic reversal—attempts to identify compounds that reverse disease-causing gene expression changes back to a normal state. Finally, in Chapter 5, we focus on the role of synonymous codon usage in human disease. Codon usage can affect mRNA stability, yet its role in human physiology has been historically overlooked. We use population genetics approaches to demonstrate that natural selection shapes codon content in the human genome, and we find that dosage sensitive genes are intolerant to reductions in codon optimality. We propose that synonymous mutations could modify the penetrance of Mendelian diseases through altering the expression of disease-causing mutations. In summary, the work in this thesis broadly focuses on the role of gene expression dysregulation in disease. We provide novel frameworks for interrogating disease gene expression signatures, prioritizing mutations that may alter expression, and identifying targeted therapeutics

Psr1p interacts with SUN/sad1p and EB1/mal3p to establish the bipolar spindle

Regular Abstracts - Sunday Poster Presentations: no. 382During mitosis, interpolar microtubules from two spindle pole bodies (SPBs) interdigitate to create an antiparallel microtubule array for accommodating numerous regulatory proteins. Among these proteins, the kinesin-5 cut7p/Eg5 is the key player responsible for sliding apart antiparallel microtubules and thus helps in establishing the bipolar spindle. At the onset of mitosis, two SPBs are adjacent to one another with most microtubules running nearly parallel toward the nuclear envelope, creating an unfavorable microtubule configuration for the kinesin-5 kinesins. Therefore, how the cell organizes the antiparallel microtubule array in the first place at mitotic onset remains enigmatic. Here, we show that a novel protein psrp1p localizes to the SPB and plays a key role in organizing the antiparallel microtubule array. The absence of psr1+ leads to a transient monopolar spindle and massive chromosome loss. Further functional characterization demonstrates that psr1p is recruited to the SPB through interaction with the conserved SUN protein sad1p and that psr1p physically interacts with the conserved microtubule plus tip protein mal3p/EB1. These results suggest a model that psr1p serves as a linking protein between sad1p/SUN and mal3p/EB1 to allow microtubule plus ends to be coupled to the SPBs for organization of an antiparallel microtubule array. Thus, we conclude that psr1p is involved in organizing the antiparallel microtubule array in the first place at mitosis onset by interaction with SUN/sad1p and EB1/mal3p, thereby establishing the bipolar spindle.postprin

Removal of antagonistic spindle forces can rescue metaphase spindle length and reduce chromosome segregation defects

Regular Abstracts - Tuesday Poster Presentations: no. 1925Metaphase describes a phase of mitosis where chromosomes are attached and oriented on the bipolar spindle for subsequent segregation at anaphase. In diverse cell types, the metaphase spindle is maintained at a relatively constant length. Metaphase spindle length is proposed to be regulated by a balance of pushing and pulling forces generated by distinct sets of spindle microtubules and their interactions with motors and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Spindle length appears important for chromosome segregation fidelity, as cells with shorter or longer than normal metaphase spindles, generated through deletion or inhibition of individual mitotic motors or MAPs, showed chromosome segregation defects. To test the force balance model of spindle length control and its effect on chromosome segregation, we applied fast microfluidic temperature-control with live-cell imaging to monitor the effect of switching off different combinations of antagonistic forces in the fission yeast metaphase spindle. We show that spindle midzone proteins kinesin-5 cut7p and microtubule bundler ase1p contribute to outward pushing forces, and spindle kinetochore proteins kinesin-8 klp5/6p and dam1p contribute to inward pulling forces. Removing these proteins individually led to aberrant metaphase spindle length and chromosome segregation defects. Removing these proteins in antagonistic combination rescued the defective spindle length and, in some combinations, also partially rescued chromosome segregation defects. Our results stress the importance of proper chromosome-to-microtubule attachment over spindle length regulation for proper chromosome segregation.postprin

\u3ci\u3eKabul Times\u3c/i\u3e, June 1975

Kabul Times, June 1975 *This is a large file and may take a couple of minutes to download