Selección de tecnología empresarial: una revisión desde literatura

La selección de tecnologías es un tópico que se articula con el área de la ingeniería llamada gestión o administración tecnológica, cuya finalidad es estudiar y proponer las mejores prácticas de selección de bienes tecnológicos bajo criterios que optimicen los recursos empresariales, por lo que el objetivo principal de este artículo es realizar una revisión de literatura sobre los métodos de selección de tecnología, enumerando los más conocidos y ejemplificando algunos de estos, donde se presente su eficacia. La metodología utilizada en esta búsqueda fue una revisión en diferentes bases de datos con el fin de recopilar casos de estudio y de éxito, así como fusión entre diferentes métodos y puntos de vista. Dicha revisión y la búsqueda permitieron recopilar y clasificar estos métodos, no obstante, ningún método es infalible o indispensable, ya que siempre hará falta la experiencia del análisis heurístic

A decision making tool for remanufacturing operations

Remanufacturing industry is increasingly becoming one of the world's attractive business opportunities due to social, economic, and environmental benefits. However, high level of uncertainties in technology selection, imprecise information on availability of core quantity, and lack of standardization of parameters for holistic determination of cost and benefit in remanufacturing processes are among the challenges of this industry. This research developed a decision making tool that consists of a framework for technology selection, model for acquisition of core quantity, and cost and benefit analysis model. The framework considered eight parameters, which are technology costs, operating costs, disposal costs, technology functions, technology quality, technology flexibility, technology obsolete period, and disposal effects. The framework uses fuzzy logic for approximating information and uncertainties to produce results. The results showed that the technology obsolescence for a period of 5 years before it becomes outdated, with disposal effect of 80% leads to 90o/o environment effects. This justifies that rapid technology obsolescence has negative environmental effects. The research also developed a mathematical model to determine the optimal core quantity with the influence of an advertisement factor in controlling shortage of the core return. The model would help decision makers in envisaging availability of core for new remanufacturing investment; hence, a difficulty in core acquisition can be mitigated. The results indicated that the coefficient of media advertisement is a fundamental factor that influences increase rates of core quantity. The model shows that the advertisement factor can increase 41.50 of core availability, which is a step in reducing the degree of uncertainty for the acquisition of core. Moreover, tlte research developed cost and benefit analysis model using fuzzy logic to benchmark minimum cost based on parameters for the processes. The importance of the model is to determine specific values of parameters for the entire processes. The established parameters showed high risk to under-oroverestimate resources for an investment if they were treated in isolation from each process. The results of the case study showed that the increase of production quantity to 72.l2Yo has an advantage compared with the increase of product price to 59.84% as price increase will decrease profit by 44.80%. The framework is unique as it integrates obsolete and disposal phase to evaluate environmental issues. Besides, the mathematical model with advertisement factor has produced results to influence increase of core quantity and bridge the gap of uncertainty for core. Lastly, the cost and benefit model provided accurate value of a parameter to the entire operations, and helped the step-by-step procedures in determining cost and benefit considering standard parameters set to benchmark each process

An Investigation into Factors Affecting the Chilled Food Industry

With the advent of Industry 4.0, many new approaches towards process monitoring, benchmarking and traceability are becoming available, and these techniques have the potential to radically transform the agri-food sector. In particular, the chilled food supply chain (CFSC) contains a number of unique challenges by virtue of it being thought of as a temperature controlled supply chain. Therefore, once the key issues affecting the CFSC have been identified, algorithms can be proposed, which would allow realistic thresholds to be established for managing these problems on the micro, meso and macro scales. Hence, a study is required into factors affecting the CFSC within the scope of Industry 4.0. The study itself has been broken down into four main topics: identifying the key issues within the CFSC; implementing a philosophy of continuous improvement within the CFSC; identifying uncertainty within the CFSC; improving and measuring the performance of the supply chain. However, as a consequence of this study two further topics were added: a discussion of some of the issues surrounding information sharing between retailers and suppliers; some of the wider issues affecting food losses and wastage (FLW) on the micro, meso and macro scales. A hybrid algorithm is developed, which incorporates the analytic hierarchical process (AHP) for qualitative issues and data envelopment analysis (DEA) for quantitative issues. The hybrid algorithm itself is a development of the internal auditing algorithm proposed by Sueyoshi et al (2009), which in turn was developed following corporate scandals such as Tyco, Enron, and WorldCom, which have led to a decline in public trust. However, the advantage of the proposed solution is that all of the key issues within the CFSC identified can be managed from a single computer terminal, whilst the risk of food contamination such as the 2013 horsemeat scandal can be avoided via improved traceability