3,442 research outputs found
Transforming Energy Networks via Peer to Peer Energy Trading: Potential of Game Theoretic Approaches
Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading has emerged as a next-generation energy
management mechanism for the smart grid that enables each prosumer of the
network to participate in energy trading with one another and the grid. This
poses a significant challenge in terms of modeling the decision-making process
of each participant with conflicting interest and motivating prosumers to
participate in energy trading and to cooperate, if necessary, for achieving
different energy management goals. Therefore, such decision-making process
needs to be built on solid mathematical and signal processing tools that can
ensure an efficient operation of the smart grid. This paper provides an
overview of the use of game theoretic approaches for P2P energy trading as a
feasible and effective means of energy management. As such, we discuss various
games and auction theoretic approaches by following a systematic classification
to provide information on the importance of game theory for smart energy
research. Then, the paper focuses on the P2P energy trading describing its key
features and giving an introduction to an existing P2P testbed. Further, the
paper zooms into the detail of some specific game and auction theoretic models
that have recently been used in P2P energy trading and discusses some important
finding of these schemes.Comment: 38 pages, single column, double spac
Autonomous Mobility and Energy Service Management in Future Smart Cities: An Overview
With the rise of transportation electrification, autonomous driving and
shared mobility in urban mobility systems, and increasing penetrations of
distributed energy resources and autonomous demand-side management techniques
in energy systems, tremendous opportunities, as well as challenges, are
emerging in the forging of a sustainable and converged urban mobility and
energy future. This paper is motivated by these disruptive transformations and
gives an overview of managing autonomous mobility and energy services in future
smart cities. First, we propose a three-layer architecture for the convergence
of future mobility and energy systems. For each layer, we give a brief overview
of the disruptive transformations that directly contribute to the rise of
autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems. Second, we propose the concept of
autonomous flexibility-on-demand (AFoD), as an energy service platform built
directly on existing infrastructures of AMoD systems. In the vision of AFoD,
autonomous electric vehicles provide charging flexibilities as a service on
demand in energy systems. Third, we analyze and compare AMoD and AFoD, and we
identify four key decisions that, if appropriately coordinated, will create a
synergy between AMoD and AFoD. Finally, we discuss key challenges towards the
success of AMoD and AFoD in future smart cities and present some key research
directions regarding the system-wide coordination between AMoD and AFoD.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Unsplittable Load Balancing in a Network of Charging Stations Under QoS Guarantees
The operation of the power grid is becoming more stressed, due to the
addition of new large loads represented by Electric Vehicles (EVs) and a more
intermittent supply due to the incorporation of renewable sources. As a
consequence, the coordination and control of projected EV demand in a network
of fast charging stations becomes a critical and challenging problem.
In this paper, we introduce a game theoretic based decentralized control
mechanism to alleviate negative impacts from the EV demand. The proposed
mechanism takes into consideration the non-uniform spatial distribution of EVs
that induces uneven power demand at each charging facility, and aims to: (i)
avoid straining grid resources by offering price incentives so that customers
accept being routed to less busy stations, (ii) maximize total revenue by
serving more customers with the same amount of grid resources, and (iii)
provide charging service to customers with a certain level of
Quality-of-Service (QoS), the latter defined as the long term customer blocking
probability. We examine three scenarios of increased complexity that gradually
approximate real world settings. The obtained results show that the proposed
framework leads to substantial performance improvements in terms of the
aforementioned goals, when compared to current state of affairs.Comment: Accepted for Publication in IEEE Transactions on Smart Gri
Optimal electric vehicle scheduling : A co-optimized system and customer perspective
Electric vehicles provide a two pronged solution to the problems faced by the electricity and transportation sectors. They provide a green, highly efficient alternative to the internal combustion engine vehicles, thus reducing our dependence on fossil fuels. Secondly, they bear the potential of supporting the grid as energy storage devices while incentivizing the customers through their participation in energy markets. Despite these advantages, widespread adoption of electric vehicles faces socio-technical and economic bottleneck. This dissertation seeks to provide solutions that balance system and customer objectives under present technological capabilities. The research uses electric vehicles as controllable loads and resources. The idea is to provide the customers with required tools to make an informed decision while considering the system conditions.
First, a genetic algorithm based optimal charging strategy to reduce the impact of aggregated electric vehicle load has been presented. A Monte Carlo based solution strategy studies change in the solution under different objective functions. This day-ahead scheduling is then extended to real-time coordination using a moving-horizon approach. Further, battery degradation costs have been explored with vehicle-to-grid implementations, thus accounting for customer net-revenue and vehicle utility for grid support. A Pareto front, thus obtained, provides the nexus between customer and system desired operating points. Finally, we propose a transactive business model for a smart airport parking facility. This model identifies various revenue streams and satisfaction indices that benefit the parking lot owner and the customer, thus adding value to the electric vehicle --Abstract, page iv
Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement: Formulation, Complexity, and Solutions
To enhance environmental sustainability, many countries will electrify their
transportation systems in their future smart city plans. So the number of
electric vehicles (EVs) running in a city will grow significantly. There are
many ways to re-charge EVs' batteries and charging stations will be considered
as the main source of energy. The locations of charging stations are critical;
they should not only be pervasive enough such that an EV anywhere can easily
access a charging station within its driving range, but also widely spread so
that EVs can cruise around the whole city upon being re-charged. Based on these
new perspectives, we formulate the Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement
Problem (EVCSPP) in this paper. We prove that the problem is non-deterministic
polynomial-time hard. We also propose four solution methods to tackle EVCSPP
and evaluate their performance on various artificial and practical cases. As
verified by the simulation results, the methods have their own characteristics
and they are suitable for different situations depending on the requirements
for solution quality, algorithmic efficiency, problem size, nature of the
algorithm, and existence of system prerequisite.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, revise
On the Evaluation of Plug-in Electric Vehicle Data of a Campus Charging Network
The mass adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) requires the deployment
of public charging stations. Such facilities are expected to employ distributed
generation and storage units to reduce the stress on the grid and boost
sustainable transportation. While prior work has made considerable progress in
deriving insights for understanding the adverse impacts of PEV chargings and
how to alleviate them, a critical issue that affects the accuracy is the lack
of real world PEV data. As the dynamics and pertinent design of such charging
stations heavily depend on actual customer demand profile, in this paper we
present and evaluate the data obtained from a node charging network
equipped with Level chargers at a major North American University campus.
The data is recorded for weeks starting from late . The result
indicates that the majority of the customers use charging lots to extend their
driving ranges. Also, the demand profile shows that there is a tremendous
opportunity to employ solar generation to fuel the vehicles as there is a
correlation between the peak customer demand and solar irradiation. Also, we
provided a more detailed data analysis and show how to use this information in
designing future sustainable charging facilities.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Energycon 201
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