La Web semántica y las tecnologías del lenguaje humano

The implementation of semantic web address the current represents a paradigm shift, as it has to be passed from a web-based and natural language created in a structured and organized web, where content will be semantically labeled the main element. This will represent a new philosophy and way of working, as the development and creation of content for this website require a great deal of effort. This is the point where they can speak human language technologies to provide mechanisms and tools to assist the implementation and expansion of this new paradigm

Procedimientos para la extracción de palabras clave de páginas web basados en criterios de posicionamiento en buscadores'

En este artículo se presenta un proyecto de investigación que tiene como principal objetivo el desarrollo y la exploración del potencial de una herramienta que facilite la asignación semi automática de palabras clave a documentos web. Se describen de forma sintética las principales características y prestaciones de la herramienta que se está construyendo y se analizan las bases teóricas que la justifican. La investigación que planteamos explora las posibilidades de la automatización en la asignación de palabras clave con procedimientos relativamente sencillos basados en modelos masivamente usados en las disciplinas de la recuperación de la información, el posicionamiento en buscadores y las ciencias de la documentación

Semantics-based information extraction for detecting economic events

As today's financial markets are sensitive to breaking news on economic events, accurate and timely automatic identification of events in news items is crucial. Unstructured news items originating from many heterogeneous sources have to be mined in order to extract knowledge useful for guiding decision making processes. Hence, we propose the Semantics-Based Pipeline for Economic Event Detection (SPEED), focusing on extracting financial events from news articles and annotating these with meta-data at a speed that enables real-time use. In our implementation, we use some components of an existing framework as well as new components, e.g., a high-performance Ontology Gazetteer, a Word Group Look-Up component, a Word Sense Disambiguator, and components for detecting economic events. Through their interaction with a domain-specific ontology, our novel, semantically enabled components constitute a feedback loop which fosters future reuse of acquired knowledge in the event detection process

Classification and Ambiguity: the Role of Definition in a Conceptual System

With the advent of the semantic web, the problem of ambiguity is becoming more and more urging. Semantic analysis is necessary for explaining and resolving some sorts of ambiguity by inquiring into the relation between possibilities of predication and definition of a concept in order to solve problems such as interpretation and ambiguity. If computing is now approaching such problems of linguistic analysis, what is worth inquiring into is how the development of linguistic studies can be useful for developing the theoretical background of ontologies. Our proposal is to develop a theory of definition alternative to the traditional metaphysical approach and the modern relativistic account. We interpret the ancient notion of essential definition in a dialectical perspective, and show how the dialectical definition by genus and difference corresponds to the semantic analysis of the definiendum. The dialectical definition is shown to be grounded on the deepest endoxa (shared knowledge) of a community, and to be the argumentatively strongest definition. After presenting the most common types of definition used in argumentation, the linguistic and logical characteristics of the notion of definition by genus and difference are set out in a pragmatic framework

La Web semántica y las tecnologías del lenguaje humano

The implementation of semantic web address the current represents a paradigm shift, as it has to be passed from a web-based and natural language created in a structured and organized web, where content will be semantically labeled the main element. This will represent a new philosophy and way of working, as the development and creation of content for this website require a great deal of effort. This is the point where they can speak human language technologies to provide mechanisms and tools to assist the implementation and expansion of this new paradigm

The role of ontology in information management

The question posed in this thesis is how the use of ontologies by information systems affects their development and their performance. Several aspects about ontologies are presented, namely design and implementation issues, representational languages, and tools for ontology manipulation. The effects of the combination of ontologies and information systems are then investigated. An ontology-based tool to identify email message features is presented, and its implementation and execution details are discussed. The use of ontologies by information systems provides a better understanding about their requirements, reduces their development time, and supports knowledge management during execution time

Construcción colaborativa de ontologías CO-Protegé

Este trabajo de grado plantea el diseño de una ontologia en forma colaborativa desde una perspectiva particular, basada en tres pilares: 1. Una metodología para el diseño colaborativo de ontologías, especializada a partir de un proceso de diseño más general. El proceso involucra cuatros pasos: externalización, publicación, intemalización y reacción. 2. Soporte de diferentes puntos de vista, dentro del sistema utilizado para el diseño colaborativo de la ontologia. 3. Mecanismos de awareness, para asegurar que el grupo esté en conocimiento de los cambios en el diseño. La metodología define una forma metódica para realizar el diseño colaborativo de ontologías. El punto inicial os la externalización, una persona realiza un diseño como una iniciativa individual en un ámbito privado, luego da a conocer su diseño al resto del grupo por medio de la publicación. La intemalización se realiza cuando otro usuario comprende los nuevos elementos de diseño publicados y en consecuencia puede reaccionar. Las reacciones implican una modificación en el diseño compartido, ya sea para extender, modificar o simplemente expresar una posición sobre el diseño anterior. El nuevo enfoque propone como segundo pilar, tratar las disconformidades propias de la actividad de diseño dentro del sistema. Esto se logra ampliando las bases de representación del conocimiento, lo que en ontologías se denomina arquitectura de meta-clase. El tercer pilar, el awareness, ayuda a mantener la actividad de diseño en “acción”. La información de awareness es entregada a los participantes, que en todo momento se notifican de los cambios, y pueden accionar según los mismos.Tesis digitalizada en SEDICI gracias a la colaboración de la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Informática.Facultad de Informátic