Supervisory control for conventional unitary air conditioning system

The Supervisory control for conventional unitary air conditioning system is conceptually designed based on Programmable Logic Control (PLC) system. The advantage of PLC system is that it allows online monitoring continually and updates or modification can be performed interactively. This supervisory mode is applied to the conventional unitary air conditioner to avoid the frequent interruption or adjustment of the fan speed or temperature set point by users normal practice which has contributed to the surge of energy consumption due to the frequent on/off of the compressor. Three experiments have been performed at different control methods to simulate user’s daily practice. The first control method is the Variable Set point with high speed fan, the second control method is the Fixed Set point with high speed fan and the third control method is a Supervisory Control; a fixed set point with variable fan speed. The experiments have been conducted for eight (8) hours and the statistic data of accumulated energy consumption based on one unitary air conditioner with capacity of 1 Horse Power are acquired and sampled at the time interval of 30 minutes for the analysis. From these experiments, the supervisory control has consumed 4.2 kWh per day which is 82.35% compared to normal consumption of 5.1 kWh. This result translated into 0.9 kWh or 17.65% of total energy saving per day. The consistency of the air compressor operation in this control method has become a major factor in achieving indoor temperature steadiness whilst improving the energy savings

An ARTMAP-incorporated Multi-Agent System for Building Intelligent Heat Management

This paper presents an ARTMAP-incorporated multi-agent system (MAS) for building heat management, which aims to maintain the desired space temperature defined by the building occupants (thermal comfort management) and improve energy efficiency by intelligently controlling the energy flow and usage in the building (building energy control). Existing MAS typically uses rule-based approaches to describe the behaviours and the processes of its agents, and the rules are fixed. The incorporation of artificial neural network (ANN) techniques to the agents can provide for the required online learning and adaptation capabilities. A three-layer MAS is proposed for building heat management and ARTMAP is incorporated into the agents so as to facilitate online learning and adaptation capabilities. Simulation results demonstrate that ARTMAP incorporated MAS provides better (automated) energy control and thermal comfort management for a building environment in comparison to its existing rule-based MAS approach

The PVC Stripping Process Predictive Control Based on the Implicit Algorithm

According to the nonlinear and parameters time-varying characteristics of stripper temperature control system, the PVC stripping process Generalized Predictive Control based on implicit algorithm is proposed. Firstly, supporting vector machine is adopted to dynamically modelize for the stripper temperature; Secondly, combining with real-time model linearized of nonlinear model, a predictive model is linearized for real-time online correction. Then, the implicit algorithm is used for optimal control law. Finally, the simulation results show that the algorithm has excellent validity and robustness of temperature control of the stripper

Internet-based remote monitoring system of thermo-electric-generations with mobile communication technology

A remote online condition monitoring system for Thermo-Electric-Generations (TEGs) is reported in this paper, which is applied in sustainable buildings. The system monitors the electrical power and heat energy generated by TEGs and to regulate the temperature of cold side of thermoelectric (TE) units used in the TEGs. The system provides the following major functions: data acquisition, data processing, system control and remote communication. The data acquisition module is built up within this system based on sensor technology and data I/O communication to acquire the data of working conditions of TEGs. System control is implemented by sending the commands to the control unit of the water valve for adjusting the temperature of cold side of TE units. The system has been validated by carrying out a case study of remote monitoring the working conditions of TEGs

Three-level modified sine wave inverter equipped with online temperature monitoring system

Research and development on power converters are getting more interesting in recent years. It is also buttressed by rapid development in related fields, such as power semiconductor, digital advanced control, magnetic material and use of power converters in many sectors.  In addition to the power quality matter, simplicity of inverter circuits is another notable aspect that should be considered toward economical feature. Adding the quantity of power switches will increase complexity of overall inverter circuits. This paper discusses a circuit configuration of three-level modified sine wave neutral point shorted power inverter which work converting dc power into ac power with less number of power switches. To improve the performance and feature of inverter circuits, the inverter was equipped with online temperature monitoring, and overheat protection based on internet of things. Adding online temperature monitoring system makes easier in monitoring of circuits to prevent the excessive faults of inverter. Some computer based test data are shown and discussed. Furthermore, experiment results of the inverter prototype, and its online monitoring system are presented. Test outputs demonstrated that the proposed system worked properly generating a three-level modified sine wave voltage, with online temperature monitoring system

Development of an Internet of things system for smart home HVAC monitoring and control

This paper presents the development and test of an Internet of Things (IoT) system applied to the monitoring and control of an HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) system that includes parameters such as temperature, humidity, air quality, human presence and smoke detection. For this purpose, a hybrid wireless network combining Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and IEEE 802.11/Wi-Fi was implemented inside a house. An online database for the synchronization of the HVAC data, which was developed using the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud platform, allows the user to access the data and control the system parameters through the Internet using an Android mobile app. A smart temperature control system was also developed in the BLE/Wi-Fi gateway to keep the room temperature inside a user-defined range. The functionalities and performance of the proposed system were both validated through experimental tests.This work is supported by FCT with the reference project UID/EEA/04436/2019

Monitoring and Control Food Temperature and Humidity using Internet of Things Based-on Microcontroller

Tempe is a traditional Indonesian food that uses tempeh mushrooms (Rhizopuz Oryzae) to make it. Tempeh fungus on soybeans requires a certain temperature and humidity in order to grow properly. In this study, a tool was built to monitor and control temperature and humidity with an online system using the ESP8266 WiFi Module with the ESP8266-01 series, which then the data will be sent to Thingspeak and Thingsview. The method used in this study through several stages, including Hardware Design, Internet of Things (IoT) Design or Network Architecture, Testing, and Measuring temperature and humidity values. The hardware design includes Microcontroller-based system hardware to help control temperature and humidity. IoT design or network architecture steps to make connections between hardware and software, while the last stage is testing and measuring the temperature and humidity values to determine the accuracy of the system being made. The Temperature and Humidity settings are carried out automatically using the Arduino Board to control Heater and Fan. The average temperature and humidity values generated in the measurement were 33.11 C and 87.74%. This tool has a measurement accuracy compared to other measuring instruments with a standard deviation of temperature error of 0.8708 and humidity 1.1254 for 180 data samples for 3 days. In this study, the system functions properly with the control system functioning properly, and the reading of the value produces a good standard deviation

Accessing on-chip temperature health monitors using the IEEE 1687 standard

The IEEE 1687 (IJTAG) is a newly IEEE approved standard to access embedded instruments. The usage of these embedded instruments (health monitors) is increasing in order to perform different online measurements for testing purposes as dependability is becoming a key concern in today’s electronics. Aging and intermittent resistive faults (IRF) are two threats to a highly dependable system, and temperature can accelerate these two phenomena. In this paper, the work carried out for enabling online IJTAG control, observation and reconfiguration of the health monitors will be discussed. Three temperature monitors along with an IJTAG controller are used to demonstrate online temperature measurements using an IJTAG network interface. The simulation results show that the proposed (on-chip)methodology can reduce the dependency on the PC while observing the (static) embedded instruments in the field