A Survey of Air-to-Ground Propagation Channel Modeling for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), particularly for small UAVs, due to their affordable prices, ease of availability, and ease of operability. Existing and future applications of UAVs include remote surveillance and monitoring, relief operations, package delivery, and communication backhaul infrastructure. Additionally, UAVs are envisioned as an important component of 5G wireless technology and beyond. The unique application scenarios for UAVs necessitate accurate air-to-ground (AG) propagation channel models for designing and evaluating UAV communication links for control/non-payload as well as payload data transmissions. These AG propagation models have not been investigated in detail when compared to terrestrial propagation models. In this paper, a comprehensive survey is provided on available AG channel measurement campaigns, large and small scale fading channel models, their limitations, and future research directions for UAV communication scenarios

Weather data dissemination to aircraft

Documentation exists that shows weather to be responsible for approximately 40 percent of all general aviation accidents with fatalities. Weather data products available on the ground are becoming more sophisticated and greater in number. Although many of these data are critical to aircraft safety, they currently must be transmitted verbally to the aircraft. This process is labor intensive and provides a low rate of information transfer. Consequently, the pilot is often forced to make life-critical decisions based on incomplete and outdated information. Automated transmission of weather data from the ground to the aircraft can provide the aircrew with accurate data in near-real time. The current National Airspace System Plan calls for such an uplink capability to be provided by the Mode S Beacon System data link. Although this system has a very advanced data link capability, it will not be capable of providing adequate weather data to all airspace users in its planned configuration. This paper delineates some of the important weather data uplink system requirements, and describes a system which is capable of meeting these requirements. The proposed system utilizes a run-length coding technique for image data compression and a hybrid phase and amplitude modulation technique for the transmission of both voice and weather data on existing aeronautical Very High Frequency (VHF) voice communication channels

Adaptive multibeam phased array design for a Spacelab experiment

The parametric tradeoff analyses and design for an Adaptive Multibeam Phased Array (AMPA) for a Spacelab experiment are described. This AMPA Experiment System was designed with particular emphasis to maximize channel capacity and minimize implementation and cost impacts for future austere maritime and aeronautical users, operating with a low gain hemispherical coverage antenna element, low effective radiated power, and low antenna gain-to-system noise temperature ratio

Моделювання передачі ADS-B повідомлень через супутник із використанням MIMO систем

The original model of aeronautical satellite MIMO communication channel “Aircraft–to–Satellite–to– Ground Station” was created using MATLAB Simulink software. MIMO 2×1 and 3×2 fading uplink/downlink channels with antenna diversity were analyzed. Results were compared with AWGN uplink/downlink channels. On the base of these models channels integrity was investigated and dependences of Bit Error Rate on the ratio Eb/N0 were received.Оригинальная модель авиационного спутникового MIMO канала связи «Воздушное судно – Спутник – Наземная станция» создана с использованием програмного комплекса МATLAB Simulink. Рассмотрены MIMO 2×1 та 3×2 каналы с затуханием вверх/вниз с разным количеством передающих и принимающих антенн. Результаты сравнены з каналами AWGN вверх/вниз. На основе предложенных моделей проанализировано качество передачи информации. Получены зависимости коэффициента двоичных ошибок от соотношения Eb/N0.Оригінальну модель авіаційного супутникового MIMO каналу зв’язку «Повітряний корабель – Супутник – Наземна станція» створено з використанням програмного комплексу МATLAB Simulink. Розглянуто MIMO 2×1 та 3×2 канали з затуханням догори/донизу з різною кількістю передавальних і приймальних антен. Результати порівняно з каналами AWGN догори/донизу. На основі запропонованих моделей проаналізовано якість передачі інформації. Отримано залежності коефіцієнта двійкових помилок від співвідношення Eb/N0

International communications satellite systems

Ten satellite systems for international communication are briefly described. Modulation and coding schemes on some of these systems are highlighted